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Biomedical subjects

N Hashizume

Publications and source records attributed to N Hashizume.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Cis-hydroxyproline inhibits adhesion, migration and proliferation of cultured rabbit keratocytes.

Recruitment of keratocytes into injured corneal stroma, and secretion of proteins including collagen in the cells are essential for wound healing of the corneal stroma. We examined the effect of a proline analog, cis-hydroxyproline, on the adhesion, migration and growth of rabbit keratocytes in vitro. This agent decreased the plating efficiency, migration and growth of the keratocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Reduction in these cellular activities may reflect altered functions of pericellular proteins such as collagen. Further studies are needed to determine which specific protein is involved.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Vitamin deficiency and marginal vitamin deficiency].

Fat-soluble vitamin deficiency and marginal deficiency of this type of vitamin will be discussed. The trias of vitamin A deficiency is composed of nyctalopia, xerophthalmia and hyperkeratosis follicularis. Vitamin D deficiency causes rachitis and osteomalacia. In Japan, vitamin D deficiency is more often caused by impaired vitamin D activation due to renal failure, than by a lack of sunbathing or insufficient ingestion of vitamin D from diet. At present, it is quite rare that the physician encounters patients with deficiency of vitamin E or other vitamins. According to surveys of occult vitamin deficiency, the prevalence of marginal fat-soluble vitamin deficiency was lower than that of marginal water-soluble vitamin deficiency. Marginal vitamin deficiency seems to be absent or very rare among healthy individuals. In patients, however, marginal vitamin deficiency is sometimes observed. Since marginal vitamin deficiency can modify the underlying disease or trigger complications, the physician should take adequate measures to prevent the onset of marginal vitamin deficiency in managing patients with various diseases.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Phosphofructokinase from porcine heart, liver and erythrocytes.

1. Phosphofructokinase from porcine heart, liver and erythrocytes were purified by affinity chromatographies on Cibacron Blue Sepharose and N6-ATP agarose. 2. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate revealed that the heart and liver enzymes consist of only one kind of subunit, namely, M and L type subunits, respectively, whereas the erythrocyte enzyme comprises of three kinds of subunits, M, L and C types. 3. Some kinetic and regulatory properties of the enzymes were also measured.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Inhibition of post-decapitation convulsions in the rat by dibenzothiepin neuroleptics via alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade.

The mechanisms involved in inhibitory effects of isofloxythepin, a newly synthesized dibenzothiepin neuroleptic, on post-decapitation convulsions were studied in rats. Isofloxythepin (0.05-2.0 mg/kg s.c.) inhibited post-decapitation convulsions in a dose-dependent manner as shown by the decrease in the incidence and the shortening of the duration of convulsions. The convulsions were also inhibited by oxyprothepin, zotepine or chlorpromazine but not by haloperidol. Prazosin and bunazosin, both alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists, suppressed the post-decapitation convulsions but a non-selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, tolazoline, was without effect. The convulsions were inhibited dose dependently by clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, but were prolonged in duration by yohimbine, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist. Yohimbine antagonized the inhibitory effects of isofloxythepin, prazosin and clonidine. The noradrenaline-induced contraction of rat vas deferens was inhibited by isofloxythepin, prazosin or chlorpromazine. Isofloxythepin bound to alpha 1-receptors as did chlorpromazine in the rat brain cortex. The results imply that post-decapitation convulsions seem to be inhibited by a block of postsynaptic alpha 1-adrenoceptors, enhanced by a block of presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors and reduced by isofloxythepin via the blocking of postsynaptic alpha 1-adrenoceptors. The convulsions thus could serve as a good model for studying the actions of drugs on the central nervous system alpha-adrenoceptors.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1986

A new method of closed reduction using the spring action of Kirschner wires for fractures of the tibial plateau--a preliminary report.

The treatment of fractures of the lateral tibial plateau is still a subject of controversy. Many authors have emphasized the importance of early mobilization of the knee joint following fractures of the tibial plateau. However, local depression fractures of the tibial plateau occur quite frequently in elderly patients and have presented many difficult problems in management. In 1982, the authors developed a new method of closed reduction using the spring action of Kirschner wires for severely displaced local depression fractures of the tibial plateau. The principle of this procedure is to apply continuous positive pressure to the depressed fragment for its reduction and retention. By re-establishing stability in the fracture, active knee mobilization can be allowed from the beginning. Seven patients were treated with this procedure, and the results of short-term follow-up, ranging from three to 26 months, were promising as to the range of motion, stability and relief of pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Corneal epithelial basement membrane after experimental anterior stromal puncture in guinea pigs: immunohistochemical study.

We investigated alterations in the immunolocalization of the components of epithelial basement membrane (BM), type IV collagen, and laminin in guinea pigs subjected to anterior stromal puncture (ASP) of the cornea performed with a standardized needle. Localization of BM components beneath the corneal epithelium was indicated by laminin immunoreactivity. The BM was interrupted by needle punctures immediately after ASP. During healing, type IV collagen immunoreactivity was detected transiently in the BM of some of the ASP-treated corneas, but no reactivity was observed in normal epithelial BM. Development of type IV collagen immunoreactivity was probably caused by an alteration of the alpha-chains or by an unmasking of the antigenicity of this collagen type, which may be related to an increase in the adhesiveness of the epithelium following ASP.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In-the-bag hyphema after intraocular lens implantation.

In-the-bag hyphema, the collection of blood in the endocapsular space between the posterior capsule and the intraocular lens (IOL), is a rare postoperative complication of IOL implantation in the capsular bag. We report three cases. In Case 1, the hyphema did not obscure the visual axis and thus no treatment was given; the hyphema reabsorbed spontaneously within 3 months Case 2 was successfully treated with a neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy. Although a fibrin membrane on the IOL's anterior surface in Case 3 made it difficult, an Nd:YAG capsulotomy was performed followed by subsequent YAG laser dissection of the fibrin membrane. We believe that for improved simplicity, safety, and efficacy in such a case, membrane dissection should be done at the time of the capsulotomy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disappearance of desmosomal components in rat corneal epithelium during wound healing.

PURPOSE: Epithelial migration is essential for healing of the ablated corneal epithelium. To reveal the mechanism which enables the corneal epithelial cells to dissociate during migration, we investigated the immunolocalization of the components of the desmosome, which is the main constituent of the intercellular junction attaching the intermediate filaments to the cell surface, desmoplakin 1, desmoglein and plakoglobin, in the corneal epithelium during wound healing in rats. METHODS: Under general anesthesia with ether inhalation, Wistar rats (n = 48) underwent removal of the central corneal epithelium of one eye with a small trephine and a scalpel. After various intervals of healing (5 min; 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48 h; 1 and 2 weeks), the animals were killed and the affected eye was excised. Cryosections of each anterior segment of the eye were fixed with cold acetone and treated with primary antibodies against desmoplakin 1, desmoglein and plakoglobin. Immunolocalization of these substances was visualized by the peroxidase-diaminobenzidine reaction. RESULTS: A marked immunoreactivity for these desmosome components was detected at the intercellular junction in the normal corneal and conjunctival epithelium. At 6-24 h after epithelial ablation, a weak immunoreactivity for desmoplakin 1 and plakoglobin was observed in the migrating epithelium. At 48 h after epithelial ablation, a marked immunoreactivity for these desmosome components was seen again. At 6-48 h after epithelial ablation, a weak immunoreactivity for desmoglein was observed in the migrating epithelium. At 1 week after epithelial ablation, a marked immunoreactivity for this desmosome component reappeared. The regenerated epithelium gradually exhibited normal immunolocalization of the proteins. CONCLUSIONS: The desmosome components were considered to be degraded or destroyed prior to epithelial migration and reconstructed during healing of the squamous epithelium.

Animals↗