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Biomedical subjects

N Hara

Publications and source records attributed to N Hara.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Effects of gefarnate on acute gastric lesions in rats].

The effects of gefarnate on several acute gastric lesions were studied in rats. Gefarnate, given at either 100 approximately 1000 mg/kg orally or intraduodenally, dose-dependently inhibited the formation of gastric lesions induced by HCl-ethanol, HCl-taurocholate and aspirin. Cimetidine, given at 30 approximately 100 mg/kg as a reference drug, also significantly inhibited both HCl-ethanol and aspirin-induced lesions. The present study suggests that gefarnate, as well as cimetidine, is useful for the treatment of acute gastric lesions in man.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Influences of pressure-injected cyclic AMP on the membrane current and characteristics of an identified neuron of Aplysia kurodai.

The ionic mechanism of the effect of intracellularly injected adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) on the membrane of identified neuron L5 of Aplysia kurodai was investigated with conventional voltage-clamp and ion-substitution techniques. The intracellular elevation of cAMP caused an inward current (IcAMP), which was not accompanied by a significant change in membrane conductance at potentials more hyperpolarized than -60 mV. The current increased over the voltage range (-50 to -30 mV) associated with a conductance decrease and decreased at potentials more hyperpolarized than -60 mV. Elevated intracellular cAMP was found to enhance a region of negative slope resistance in steady-state I-V relations. Duration of the IcAMP was greatly prolonged by bath-applied isobutylmethylxanthine (50 microM), but imidazole (10 mM) had an opposite effect on the IcAMP. Tolbutamide (5 mM), a protein kinase inhibitor, reduced the IcAMP. The current was not affected by the presence of bath-applied TTX (50 microM), ouabain (50 microM), or triaminopyrimidine (5 mM). Reduction of [Na+]0 reversibly decreased the IcAMP. Li+ could largely substitute for Na+. Alterations of [K+]0, and bath application of 4-AP (5 mM) and TEA (30 mM) did not affect the IcAMP. In the presence of Na+, Cl-, and divalent cations such as Ca2+ and Ba2+ inhibited the IcAMP. These results suggest that fast elevation of intracellular cAMP induces a TTX-resistant slow Na+ inward current, and the current might be due to activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
PubMed1985

[Clinicoimmunological values of measurement of IgG-Fc receptor positive T cells in the patients with malignant brain tumors].

It has recently been shown that human T-cell subpopulation can be identified functionally via surface receptors for Fc fragment of immunoglobulins. We detected peripheral blood T-cells bearing the Fc receptor for IgG molecules (T gamma cell) in patients with brain tumors who manifested a variety of immunological abnormalities. We also analyzed immunological values of T gamma cells which were thought to be suppressor and/or a part of killer T cells, comparing with other immunological parameters. The percentage of T gamma cells was significantly higher in patients with malignant brain tumors than in normal controls (6.54 +/- 1.6%). The values of T gamma cells in patients with glioma, metastatic brain tumor, benign brain tumor were 15.4 +/- 4.8%, 14.9 +/- 3.2%, and 8.1 +/- 3.7%, respectively. In the patients with glioma, the values increased in the uncontrolled group compared with the well-controlled group. Furthermore, the values were decreased by surgical removal of the tumor. On immunological study of T gamma cells in the patients with glioma, there was a definite correlation between the values of T gamma cells and ADCC activity. Furthermore, the T gamma cells in the patients showed higher ADCC activity than in normal controls. The values of T gamma cells also correlated with blastogenesis of the peripheral blood lymphocytes by PHA (r = -0.742, p less than 0.001) and Con A (r = -0.662, p less than 0.001). These results suggest that T gamma cells are playing two important roles in patients with glioma such as suppressor function and ADCC activity, and that these cells may change according to the tumor growth.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1985

Immune reactivity to Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen in patients with lung cancer detected by superoxide assay-leukocyte adherence inhibition test.

The immune reactivity to partially purified Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen was investigated in patients with lung cancer. The modified method of original leukocyte adherence inhibition test, termed superoxide assay-leukocyte adherence inhibition test, was used to detect the reactivity. The coded peripheral mononuclear cells from 34 of 50 (68%) patients with lung cancer showed a positive response to the antigen whereas in only 3 of 19 (16%) patients with benign pulmonary disease was there a reaction to the antigen. The same experiments were performed using the 3 m KCl extract of lung tumors as an antigen. In this case in 39 of 50 (78%) patients with lung cancer but in only 4 of 24 (17%) with benign pulmonary disease and in none of the breast cancer patients (0 of 17) was there a reaction to the antigen. These results strongly suggest that patients with lung cancer are sensitized to both Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen and tumor-associated antigens expressed in cancer cells of lung tissue origin.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical significance of CEA levels in lung cancer].

Serum concentrations of CEA, Ferritin, beta 2-MG, TPA and IAP were measured in patients with lung cancer. Significant difference of positive rate between lung cancer and benign chest disease was observed only in CEA and TPA. CEA elevations occurred most frequently with stage IV and histologically with adenocarcinoma. Positive CEA levels (greater than or equal to 5 ng/ml) of pleural effusion were observed in 75% of all patients with lung cancer and increased to 94% in patients with positive cytology of effusion. There was not significant difference of bronchial washings CEA levels between lung cancer and benign chest disease. Furthermore, serial measurement of postoperative CEA levels had considerable value in monitoring the course of disease following resection.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Heterogeneity of 3' nontranslated regions in proopiomelanocortin (POMC) precursor mRNA of chum salmon Onchorynchus keta: polymorphism of the gene.

Heterogeneity of salmon pituitary proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA was shown by comparison of the nucleotide sequence of independently isolated cDNA clones encoding POMC, pSSM90, pSSM53 and pSSM17, the last of which was previously characterized. Newly isolated clones pSSM90 and pSSM53 contained inserts of 1228 and 666 base pairs, respectively (excluding poly(A)). Sequence analysis revealed that the former contained sequences coding for the carboxy half of putative corticotropin (ACTH), the whole region of beta-lipotropin (beta-LPH), and the entire 3' nontranslated region, while the latter contained only the 3' nontranslated region. Sequence comparison of the three clones revealed that there are some definite nucleotide changes in the 3' nontranslated regions, i.e., base replacements and base additions at multiple sites, whereas no single change was observed in the coding regions, thus demonstrating heterogeneity and hence polymorphism of the gene in the salmon genome.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1984

Ionic mechanism of a hyperpolarizing glutamate effect on two identified neurons in the buccal ganglion of Aplysia.

The ionic mechanism of a membrane effect of L-glutamate on two identified neurons in the buccal ganglion of Aplysia kurodai was investigated with conventional microelectrode techniques and glutamate iontophoresis. Bath-applied and iontophoresed glutamate hyperpolarized the membrane and increased the membrane conductance. The hyperpolarizing glutamate response decreased in amplitude and finally reversed its polarity by conditioning hyperpolarization. The reversal potential of the hyperpolarizing glutamate response was close to the ECl (-60 mV). The reversal potential changed by 22.4 mV when the external chloride concentration was altered by a factor of 5. The relationship between the iontophoretically applied current and the membrane conductance changes was suggestive of two glutamate molecules reacting with a single receptor site. The hyperpolarizing glutamate response was essentially unaffected by 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (2-APB), L-proline, and quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB). It was concluded that the hyperpolarizing glutamate response was generated by an activation of Cl- conductance.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Assessment of the role of surgery for stage III bronchogenic carcinoma.

In order to assess the role of surgery for stage III bronchogenic carcinoma, we reviewed our results of 282 patients who were treated with surgical resection or various other therapy modalities. The survival in patients who underwent surgical resection was significantly better than those with nonresectable carcinoma. However, superior survival results were demonstrated only in patients with complete resection. In contrast, the survival in patients with palliative resection was similar to that in patients with exploratory thoracotomy and inoperable carcinoma. On the other hand, all patients with T3N2 lesions died of their disease within two years after surgery even when undergoing complete resection. Thus, we conclude that radical resection should be indicated in patients with T3N0-1 and T1-2N2 lesions if complete resection is expected.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Effect of free fatty acid on pulmonary transvascular fluid and protein exchange.

We demonstrated the effect of infusion of oleic acid, a common free fatty acid, on pulmonary vascular permeability in anesthetized dogs prepared with a lung lymph fistula. Infusion of oleic acid caused significant increases in lung lymph flow with no change in L/P protein ratio, resulting in significant increases in transvascular protein clearance. Pulmonary arterial and pulmonary arterial wedge pressures increased significantly from baseline but their elevation was slight. Cardiac output decreased significantly after oleic acid infusion. In contrast to the effects of oleic acid, left arterial hypertension caused increases in lung lymph flow that were associated with decreases in the L/P protein ratio. Lung water content was increased after oleic acid infusion, despite little effect on pulmonary vascular pressures. These findings indicate that oleic acid produced endothelial lung injury and increased pulmonary vascular permeability.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Statistical analyses on the pattern of food consumption and digestive-tract cancers in Japan.

The relationships between areal differences in mortality from six digestive-tract cancers and consumption of selected foods in 46 of the 47 Japanese prefectures (Okinawa being excluded) were analyzed. Statistical analyses disclosed that the groups of foods positively associated with cancer death were as follows: for esophageal cancer, pork, oil, popular-grade sake, and green tea; for stomach cancer, fresh fish, salted or dried fish, salt, and special-grade sake; for colon cancer, bread, milk, butter, margarine, ketchup, beer, and salted or dried fish; for rectal cancer, fresh fish, salted or dried fish, salt, and popular-grade sake; for cancer of the biliary passages, pork, popular-grade sake, and green tea; and for pancreatic cancer, oil, mayonnaise, fresh fish, and salted or dried fish. These results are based on statistical analyses. Further epidemiological analyses are required to find a biological causal relationship.

Demography↗
PubMed1984

Partial purification and properties of the inhibitors of Na, K-ATPase and ouabain-binding in bovine central nervous system.

Endogenous inhibitors of Na,K-ATPase and ouabain-binding were partially purified from bovine central nervous system, and some of their properties were studied. They were eluted as low-molecular-weight fractions by gel filtration. They could be adsorbed by both Amberlite IR 120 and Amberlite IRA 400 at acidic and basic pH, respectively, indicating that they could act as both anions and cations at different pH. These inhibitors of ouabain-binding appeared to affect specific binding of ouabin, and Scatchard plot analysis showed that the inhibition was competitive, suggesting that they could bind to the same site as ouabain, presumably to Na,K-ATPase itself. The inhibitory activities were heat stable, but charring inactivated them completely.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Phorbol myristate acetate-induced modulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

The effect of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) on the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) against human erythroleukemic K562 cells was studied by the use of a 3-h 51Cr-release assay. Pretreatment of PMNs with PMA (10 ng/ml) for 60 min resulted in inhibition of subsequent ADCC. This inhibition was dependent on doses of PMA. The effect of pretreatment of PMNs with PMA on O2- generation of the cells was also studied. The ability of the cells to generate O2- was not suppressed, and the expression of Fc receptors on the cell membrane was well preserved. In contrast, the addition of PMA to the ongoing ADCC (5 to 30 min after the start of the ADCC assay) enhanced the activity of the cells for ADCC. This augmentation was abolished by catalase, whereas ADCC itself was not affected by the agent. These results imply divalent effects of PMA on the ADCC of PMNs. The suppression of ADCC activity of PMNs by pretreatment with PMA is not due to inhibition of the reactive oxygen burst of the cells. The augmentation of ongoing ADCC by the addition of PMA is due to secretion of hydrogen peroxide from the cells induced by PMA, and this augmentation occurs only when the interaction between effector and target cells exists through Fc receptor.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1984

Effect of hemorrhagic shock on pulmonary transvascular fluid and protein exchange in anesthetized dogs.

We demonstrated the effect of hemorrhagic shock with resuscitation on pulmonary fluid and protein exchange in anesthetized dogs. Lung lymph flow decreased during early shock and then increased gradually to baseline during late shock as the pulmonary vascular pressures reverted toward baseline levels, while the lymph-to-plasma protein ratio remained relatively constant throughout the shock period. During resuscitation, lung lymph flow increased significantly with the decreasing lymph:plasma protein ratio, suggesting no change in permeability to proteins. Lymph protein flow, which is characteristic of increased endothelial permeability, was also not altered during resuscitation, compared to that following increased vascular pressure induced by inflation of a left atrial balloon catheter. These findings suggest that no change in pulmonary vascular permeability occurs in anesthetized dogs after hemorrhagic shock with resuscitation.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Geographical difference of mortality of digestive cancers and food consumption].

The geographical differences in mortality from cancer of seven sites of the digestive organs and consumption of foods in 46 of the prefectures, excluding Okinawa and their capital cities were statistically observed. The groups of foods statistically associated with cancer death are: pork, cooking oil and shochu (low class distilled spirits) for esophageal cancer; fresh fish, salted fish, vegetables and alcoholic beverages for stomach cancer; alcoholic beverages, salted or dried fish, vegetables, bread, milk, butter, margarine, ketchup, beer and fresh fish for colonic cancer; fresh fish, salted or dried fish, salt and popular grade sake for rectal cancer; pork, popular grade sake and green tea for cancer of the biliary passages; salted or dried fish, vegetables, alcoholic beverages, oil and fresh fish for pancreatic cancer; beef, poultry, eggs and vinegar for liver cancer. Further epidemiological analyses are required to find the biological causal relationships.

Animals↗