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Biomedical subjects

N Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to N Gupta.

322 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Sclerosing hemangioma of the lung.

An extremely rare case of sclerosing hemangioma lung is described in a patient who presented as right sided pleural effusion with recurrence.

Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of anaemia during pregnancy in district Burdwan, West Bengal.

A total of 653 women in third trimester of pregnancy were examined for the presence of anaemia in Kanksha and Ausgram II blocks of Burdwan. 80% of them were found anaemic (haemoglobin level < 11 gm%). 67% of the pregnant women took iron folates till varied periods. Iron deficiency was the commonest cause for the anaemia.

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microbial pattern of acute infective exacerbation of chronic obstructive airway disease in a hospital based study.

Chronic bronchitis is associated with acute exacerbation, most often infective in origin. In order to study the bacteriological profile in such cases a total of 58 patients were enrolled in this study from the chest clinic of our hospital. The male to female ratio was 2 to 1. Mean age of study group was 47 years. All patients had increased cough and sputum production. Barlett count, gram stain and sputum cultures were done for all patients. IgM and IgG antibodies for M. pneumoniae by ELISA were estimated in all cases. The etiological diagnosis could be established in 72% cases. S. pneumoniae (25.8%), P. aeruginosa (12%), Klebsiella sp (10.3%), B. catarrhalis (3.4%), S. aureus (1.7%) were isolated. Although M. pneumoniae was not cultured it was demonstrated serologically in 20% of cases. H. influenzae was not isolated in any case. The frequency of isolating an etiological agent increased with severity of dysponea.

Age Distribution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anatomic variations of foramen ovale.

OBJECTIVES: Foramen ovale is of great surgical and diagnostic importance in procedures like percutaneous trigeminal rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia, transfacial fine needle aspiration technique in perineural spread of tumour and electroencephalographic analysis for seizure. This study presents the anatomic variations in dimensions, appearance and number of foramen ovale. METHODS: We studied 35 dried human skulls available in the Department of Anatomy, Manipal college of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal. Variations in appearance and number of foramen ovale were noted. Length and width of foramen ovale was measured. Comparison with other races and differences between right and left sides were also discussed. RESULTS: Out of 70 sides in 35 adult skulls, mean length and width of foramen ovale was 7.46+/-1.41 mm and 3.21+/-1.02 mm on right side and 7.01+/-1.41 mm and 3.29+/-0.85 mm on left side. Shape of foramen ovale was typically oval in 43, (22 on right, 21 on left) almond shape in 24 (Fig.1, arrowhead; 11 right, 13 left), round in 2(1 right, 1 left) and slit-like in 1(Fig.1, arrow). Bilateral oval foramen was observed in 15 and bilateral almond was in 7. Out of 70 sides in 35 adult skulls 3 (2 left, 1 right) sides had spine on the margin of the foramen (Fig.2, arrow), 3 (2 left, 1 right) had tubercle protruding from the margin (Fig. 3, arrow), 2 (1 left, 1 right) sides had bridge like bony spur dividing the foramen into two compartments(Fig. 2, arrowhead), 9 (5 left, 4 right) had bony plate on the margin of foramen ovale (Fig. 4, arrow). Variant foramen ovale was observed in 24.2%. CONCLUSION: Anatomical variations in size and shape of foramen ovale could be explained by developmental reasons. Considering the immense surgical and diagnostic importance of foramen ovale, this study was worthwhile.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anatomic characteristics of foramen vesalius.

OBJECTIVES: Foramen Vesalius is an inconstant foramen that gives passage to an emissary vein that connects pterygoid venous plexus with cavernous sinus, the importance of which lies in the fact that an infected thrombus from an extracranial source may reach cavernous sinus. This study presents some data on characteristics of foramen vesalius. METHODS: We studied 70 sides of 35 dried adult human skulls available in the Department of Anatomy, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal. Variation in number and incidence of foramen Vesalius were noted. Differences between the right and the left side and between the male and the female sex are discussed. MAIN FINDINGS: Foramen Vesalius was present in 23 sides (14 right, 9 left) out of the 70 sides observed, the incidence being 32.85% (20.0% right side, 12.85% left side) of all the sides observed. Incidence of bilateral and unilateral foramen vesalius was 22.85% (8 out of 35 skulls) and 20% (7 out of 35 skulls) respectively. Foramen vesalius was found in 10 sides in males and in 13 sides in females. No remarkable differences were observed in the incidence of foramen vesalius between the sides within same sex but the incidence was more in females compared to male skulls. SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Anatomic variations of the foramen vesalius could be explained by developmental reasons. Knowledge about characteristics of foramen vesalius and its incidence is not only important for anatomists but equally essential for an operating surgeon.

Cadaver↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Maternal mortality in seven districts of Uttar Pradesh--an ICMR task force study.

Maternal mortality is a major health and development concern. The available information on maternal mortality in rural India is inadequate and scanty. This study presented maternal mortality data from the demographically and developmentally (including for health) poor performing state of Uttar Pradesh. A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was conducted utilizing a stratified cluster sampling design between 1989-90 in eight districts of Uttar Pradesh. Four good performing districts namely, Agra, Farrukhabad, Ghaziabad and Badaun from the western region and four poor performing districts from the eastern region namely, Gorakhpur, Basti, Varanasi and Pratapgarh were chosen. A door-to-door household interview survey was carried out in the selected villages covering a population of 11.67 lakhs in 889 villages. Maternal mortality rates during 1989 ranged between 533745 per 100,000 live births except in Ghaziabad district where the rate was as low as 101 per 100,000 live births. The rate in Eastern U.P. was higher (573 per 100,000 live births) as compared to that in Western U.P. (472 per 100,000 live births). A total of 286 maternal deaths were reported during the study period. The direct obstetric causes accounted for 55.7% of maternal deaths with haemorrhage (26.4%) being the most prevalent. Anaemia and jaundice (17.4%) were the most prevalent indirect causes of maternal deaths. Most of the maternal deaths could have been prevented if timely medical care was available.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary carcinoid tumour of trachea.

Tracheal carcinoid is a rare entity. A patient with a primary carcinoid tumour of trachea treated as a case of bronchial asthma for over a decade, is presented.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacological cross-reactivity between 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein, 5-lipoxygenase, and leukotriene C4 synthase.

Leukotriene (LT) C4 synthase, an integral membrane protein, catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of the peptidyl leukotrienes, which have been implicated in various inflammatory disorders, including human bronchial asthma. To identify possible inhibitors of LTC4 synthase, synthetic compounds known to inhibit other proteins in the leukotriene biosynthetic pathway (5-lipoxygenase-activating protein, FLAP, and 5-lipoxygenase, 5-LO) or to antagonize leukotriene receptors (cys LT1) were tested for activity against LTC4 synthase. These assays were performed on enriched fractions of human LTC4 synthase purified from the human monocytic cell line THP-1. LTA4 and glutathione were used as substrates, and LTC4 product formation was monitored by reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography. Representative compounds from distinct structural classes were tested over a concentration range of 40 nM to 100 microM. The most potent inhibitor was found to be a previously established nanomolar 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, 2-[2-[1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-4-methyl-6-[(5-phenylpyridin-2-yl)- methoxy]-4,5-dihydro-1H-thiopyrano[2,3,4-c,d]indol-2-yl]ethoxy]but anoic acid (L-699.333) of the phenylpyridine structural class of compounds. L-699.333 inhibited LTC4 synthase activity in vitro with an IC50 value of 3.9 microM and a Ki value of 0.25 microM, making it the most potent synthetic inhibitor known of this enzyme. Structure-activity analyses of other phenylpyridines indicated that the inhibition imparted by L-699.333 was retained following the replacement of the carboxylic acid group with other equivalents. Structurally diverse FLAP inhibitors tested against LTC4 synthase were all micromolar inhibitors of the enzyme over a 10-fold range, with MK-886 at 11 microM. These results implicate that compounds that bind competitively to arachidonic acid binding sites on FLAP and 5-LO recognize motifs that are also weakly conserved on the binding site of LTC4 synthase.

5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Proteins↗