Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to N Goldblum.
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Data are presented on the programs and the results of immunization against paralytic poliomyelitis in Israel during the 25-year period 1957-1982. To control severe outbreaks of the disease, Israel introduced Salk-type inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) on a large scale in 1957 and used it for a period of five years. Vaccination with IPV had a beneficial effect, demonstrably reducing the morbidity from poliomyelitis. In 1961, Sabin's oral poliovirus vaccine ( OPV ) was first used during an epidemic outbreak of the disease and has been in continuous use since. Vaccination with OPV has resulted in a highly significant decrease in the incidence of the disease, although sporadic cases continued to occur. This program was supplemented for the past four years with an annual mass vaccination campaign in "high-risk" areas of the country. These additional preventive measures have resulted in a further reduction in morbidity but not in the complete disappearance of the disease.
In spite of high vaccination coverage, paralytic poliomyelitis still occurs in Israel, either in sporadic form in the urban area or in small outbreaks in the rural, non-Jewish segment. At high risk are mainly very young infants, not yet protected by poliovirus vaccine and children who have failed to seroconvert after a full course of oral poliovirus vaccine ( OPV ). In these circumstances, a new program for vaccination of young infants early in life with a quadruple vaccine containing inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) and diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines (DTP) has been tested. Administration of two doses of IPV up to the age of three and one-half months followed by a booster at the age of 10 months has produced a very satisfactory antibody response (100% seroconversion and high geometric mean titers of antibody to the three antigens), which has occurred early in life and persisted up to two years after booster. This response was similar to that observed after four doses of trivalent OPV ( TOPV ) reinforced with one dose of monovalent type 1 OPV . Two doses of the quadruple vaccine have also induced an antibody response to pertussis antigen in greater than 90% of the infants. After booster, a greater than 99% conversion rate has been recorded, which has remained unchanged at one year of follow-up. The above data have led to the modification of the poliovirus vaccination schedule in the areas at risk.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.