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Biomedical subjects

N Gleicher

Publications and source records attributed to N Gleicher.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Fetal and maternal red cell immune adherence (RCIA) receptors.

The addition of autologous serum to mixtures containing human red cells, from pregnant and nonpregnant females, and sheep cells resulted in the formation of mixed aggregates containing both human and sheep red cells. In contrast, no aggregate formation occurred when autologous cord serum was added to mixtures containing cord red cells and sheep red cells. Heat inactivation of the adult serum or the presence of 0.15 M EDTA prevented the formation of mixed aggregates. These observations indicated that the mixed aggregates occurred through the complement-dependent red cell immune adherence (RCIA) phenomenon. The addition of untreated cord serum to mixtures containing inactivated adult serum restored the formation of mixed aggregates, indicating that the cord serum contained sufficient complement for RCIA. Natural antibody against sheep red cells was present in adult sera but was absent in cord sera. Using the RCIA receptor assay, the RCIA receptor activity of cord red cells was found to exceed significantly that of the adult pregnant cells (p less than 0.0025). It is postulated that this may represent an aspect of immune adaptation between mother and fetus.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1981

Red cell immune adherence (RCIA): its application in cancer and autoimmune disease.

A rosette technique is described which measures the relative activity of the red cell immune adherence (RCIA) receptor. Antibody-coated sheep red cells, in the presence of complement, adhere to human red cells and thus form mixed human-sheep red cell aggregates (RR-rosettes). The percentage of human red cells adhering to one or more sheep red cells is used as the parameter of RCIA activity. The RCIA receptor activity of 23 cancer patients, 13 patients with autoimmune diseases, and 39 age-matched control was compared by investigating the ability of human red cells to adhere to antibody and complement coated sheep red cells and thus form RR-rosettes. We noticed a decrease in the percentage of RR-rosettes forming cells in cancer patients (p less than 0.0005). In contrast, patients with autoimmune disease showed a significant increase in RR-rosettes when compared to age-matched controls (p less than 0.05). Thus malignancy and autoimmune disease are associated with surface changes of erythrocytes, specifically those of the receptors, which are responsible for the immune adherence reaction.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

The immunologic concept of EPH-gestosis.

Edema proteinuria hypertension gestosis represents a disease syndrome that is defined by its occurrence in association with pregnancy and by its patient population. Although the difference between true and superimposed EPH-gestosis remains poorly defined clinically, a clearer definition seems feasible if epidemiological data, which have been developed in long-term follow-up studies, are utilized. These circumstances permit the identification of a well-defined, young, primiparous population that is afflicted during pregnancy with a disease syndrome of unknown etiology. Among many suggested theories, the immunologic concept of EPH-gestosis has attracted increasing attention over the recent past. Assuming an immunologic etiology for this disease syndrome, EPH-gestosis is understood to represent a partial or total malfunction or maladaptation of the immune system of the mother and/or the fetus. According to this concept, EPH-gestosis is considered to represent partial rejection of the fetal allograft. In the present review evidence for an immunologic etiology of EPH-gestosis has been summarized. It may be concluded that, in spite of a large body of available information, no definitive proof for an immunologic etiology of EPH-gestosis has yet been presented. Only the further clarification of the immunologic processes involved in the tolerance of normal pregnancy will allow the detection in those mechanisms of abnormalities associated with EPH-gestosis. Until then, EPH-gestosis will remain a condition of unknown etiology. The immunologic concept, similar to other concepts, needs further clarification until the "concept" can become an etiology.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1981

Common denominators of pregnancy and malignancy.

Antigenic tissue is paradoxically tolerated by a seemingly intact immune system in two biological situations, pregnancy and malignancy. Increasing evidence in recent years supports the idea that similar or identical immune mechanisms may be responsible for the tolerance of antigenic tissue in these two systems. What is apparently essential for the immunologic survival of the fetal allograft is detrimental for the patient with malignancy. This evidence is based on a number of common denominators, including such general observations as depression of cellular immunity, the presence of suppressive and/or blocking substances, embryogenization of neoplastic tissue, common lymphocyte populations and activities, and some specific in vitro observations, such as leukocyte migration enhancement (LME) and red cell immune adherence (RCIA). These common denominators of pregnancy and malignancy have been reviewed in detail and it is suggested that further understanding of one system will also contribute to our knowledge of the other.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1981

Peripheral white blood cell alterations in early labor.

The peripheral blood counts of 101 pregnant women in very early labor and 41 nonpregnant controls were compared through automated total and differential blood count techniques. There were profound quantitative changes in the peripheral bloods of the pregnant women. These included, in association with pregnancy, increases in the absolute number (per ml) of total white cell counts (p less than 0.0005), segmented neutrophils (p less than 0.0005), band neutrophils (p less than 0.0005), and monocytes (p less than 0.0005). In contrast, there was a significant decrease in the absolute number (per ml) of peripheral lymphocytes in pregnancy (p less than 0.05) and a significantly larger proportion of bloods from pregnant women had less than 10(6) lymphocytes per ml (p less than 0.0005). The percentage of segmented neutrophils increased significantly during pregnancy (p less than 0.0005) as did band neutrophils (p less than 0.0005). We also noted a significant decrease in the percentages of peripheral lymphocytes (p less than 0.0005). In contrast, there were no significant differences in the percentages of monocytes between pregnant women and nonpregnant controls. The increase in the absolute number of monocytes and the decrease in the absolute number of lymphocytes led to a significant decrease in lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (p less than 0.0005) during pregnancy. It is concluded that the maternal peripheral blood changes in late pregnancy may reflect immune changes required for the immune adaption between fetus and mother-host.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in pregnancy.

Supraventricular tachyarrhythmia in association with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is reported in 3 pregnant women. The management of such arrhythmia is discussed, and it is suggested that pregnancy may predispose asymptomatic patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome toward exhibiting arrhythmia. The diagnosis and etiologic considerations of this syndrome in association with pregnancy are reviewed, and it is concluded that further investigations are needed to determine the incidence of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome-induced arrhythmia in pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Intrauterine meconium aspiration.

Two hundred consecutive autopsies of stillborn infants were reviewed. Twenty-five cases of histologically evident amniotic fluid aspiration were identified. Among these 25 cases, 8 had identifiable intraalveolar meconium. The clinical setting and histologic features of these cases are reviewed, and the significance of intrauterine meconium aspiration is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Transplancental cardioversion of intrauterine supraventricular tachycardia with digitalis.

Intrauterine congestive heart-failure caused by a supraventricular tachyarrhythmia was diagnosed in a fetus at 29-30 weeks' gestation. Major congenital malformations were excluded by sonography, amniocentesis, and fetal abdominal paracentesis, and those of the heart by intrauterine fetal echocardiography. The mother was given digoxin and the fetal tachycardia converted to sinus rhythm.

Adult↗