Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

N G Osborne

Publications and source records attributed to N G Osborne.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Detection of specific IgG and IgA antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis in women with salpingitis confirmed by laparoscopy.

The sera from 12 consecutive symptomatic women with laparoscopy-confirmed salpingitis were screened for the presence of specific IgG and IgA antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis by a single antigen (L-2) immunoperoxidase assay. All women were found to have IgG and IgA antibodies to C trachomatis. Six women had positive endocervical cultures for C trachomatis, and one of these had positive cultures from the conjunctiva and fallopian tubes. Serum chlamydial IgA antibodies may serve as markers for active infection with C trachomatis regardless of whether organisms can be identified by culture or direct fluorescent antibody techniques from endocervical or fallopian tube samples.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1988

Emergence of imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa during treatment of intra-abdominal infection in a patient with ovarian carcinoma.

A 59-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with ovarian carcinoma. After cytoreductive surgery, the patient developed intra-abdominal sepsis. After 17 days of intravenous imipenem, the patient's sputum culture grew imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. On the 21st day of treatment with imipenem, her peritoneal culture also grew imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1988

Prevalence of IgA and IgG antichlamydial antibodies in women in the third trimester of pregnancy.

The prevalence of serum antichlamydial IgA and IgG antibodies was investigated by screening 77 randomly selected patients who were in the third trimester of pregnancy. An indirect immunoperoxidase assay that quantitates IgA and IgG was used for screening. Twenty-five women had both IgA and IgG antibodies; an additional ten women had only IgG antibodies. These findings suggest that greater than 45 percent of pregnant women tested had been exposed to Chlamydia trachomatis, and more than 32 percent had evidence of active infection.

Chlamydia Infections↗
PubMed1988

A comparison of culture, direct fluorescent antibody test, and a quantitative indirect immunoperoxidase assay for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in pregnant women.

An indirect immunoperoxidase assay that quantitates antichlamydial immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibodies in serum was compared with endocervical culture and direct fluorescent antibody (MicroTrak) for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in asymptomatic pregnant women. Of the 64 women tested by the three methods, 22 (34%) had antichlamydial IgG and IgA in their serum. The culture was positive in nine patients (14%) and the MicroTrak was positive in eight (12.5%). All positive cultures were immunoperoxidase-positive. One positive MicroTrak was immunoperoxidase- and culture-negative. Thirteen patients had IgG and IgA antichlamydial antibodies with no organisms detected in the endocervix by culture or by direct fluorescent antibody screen.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1987

Enzyme immunoassay for detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from urogenital samples.

A solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (Gonozyme) was used to detect Neisseria gonorrhoeae; the results were compared with the results of cultures taken simultaneously from 201 patients from sexually transmitted disease clinics or family planning clinics. Cultures were positive in 32 of 201 consecutive patients seen in the clinics, while the Gonozyme was positive in 28 of these patients. Overall, five positive cultures were not detected by the Gonozyme, and one positive Gonozyme was not confirmed by culture in the 201 patients tested. The overall sensitivity of the enzyme immunoassay was 84.4% and the specificity 99.4%. The predictive values of a positive and negative Gonozyme result were 96.4 and 97.1%, respectively.

Female↗
PubMed1987

AIDS and the obstetrician-gynecologist.

The increasing number of women with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with serologic evidence of exposure should alert practicing obstetricians and gynecologists to expect to encounter symptomatic or asymptomatic patients who have been exposed to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The author discusses the role of the obstetrician-gynecologist in the management of AIDS patients and reviews the pertinent literature.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Infection with multiple sexually transmitted agents.

A patient named as a contact by an individual with gonorrhea and syphilis was found to be an asymptomatic carrier of seven organisms known to be transmitted sexually. Cultures were positive for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Herpes simplex virus. Trichomonas vaginalis was detected by a wet preparation and the Papanicolaou smear. The cervix was found to have an ulcer on the posterior lip that yielded Herpes simplex on culture. Although the venereal disease reaction level (VDRL) and the fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption tests (FTA-ABS) were negative, and treponemes were not identified on dark-field microscopy, a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction on this patient raised the possibility that she also had incubating syphilis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Tubo-ovarian abscess: pathogenesis and management.

That a female patient with abdominal pain is often considered to have pelvic inflammatory disease until proven otherwise is ubiquitous in the medical literature. This view is dangerous and should be challenged because it has resulted in episodes of ruptured appendix, death from ruptured ectopic pregnancies, and serious morbidity from delayed diagnoses of such entities as diverticulitis and endometriosis. Proper diagnostic steps should be taken for all patients with abdominal pain of unclear etiology.This article reviews the pathogenesis of tubo-ovarian abscesses so as to separate and clearly identify fact from fiction. Diagnostic steps and management guidelines are discussed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1985

Management of the missing intrauterine contraceptive device: report of a case.

A case of postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device insertion that resulted in a remote complication is described. At the postinsertion follow-up visit the intrauterine contraceptive device was missing and presumed expelled. Four years later it was recovered from a complex mass involving the bladder and the appendix. Management for the missing intrauterine contraceptive device is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Evaluation of a serum gonococcal antibody test.

The authors evaluated the Gonosticon Dri-Dot system as a tool for the determination of the prevalence of gonococcal serum antibody in two female populations. This paper discusses their findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Vaginitis in sexually active women: relationship to nine sexually transmitted organisms.

Women seen for symptoms suggestive of vulvovaginitis were studied for the detection of Mycoplasma hominis. Ureaplasma urealyticum, yeast, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Gardnerella vaginalis, herpes simplex virus, group B beta-hemolytic streptococci, aerobes, anaerobes, and Trichomonas vaginalis. Asymptomatic women who reported to be sexually active and agreed to undergo comprehensive genital cultures were used as controls. There was a significant association of vulvovaginitis with the recovery of sexually transmitted organisms. However, all organisms were also recovered from asymptomatic patients. A total of 468 sexually transmitted organisms were recovered from 253 symptomatic patients (1.85 organisms per patient), while 125 were recovered from 130 asymptomatic patients (0.96 organisms per patient). The difference in prevalence between symptomatic and asymptomatic women for Chlamydia trachomatis, group B streptococcus, and the mycoplasmas was not statistically significant. Factors that predispose patients to the manifestations of symptoms are not clearly understood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Genital bacteriology: a comparative study of premenopausal women with postmenopausal women.

Premenopausal women are reportedly at a higher risk than postmenopausal women of postoperative infection following vaginal hysterectomy. A study was designed to determine whether a relationship exists between bacterial flora and patient age that may explain the difference in the risk of postoperative infection. No statistically significant difference was found in the number or type of bacterial species isolated from the cervix or vagina of premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Postmenopausal women on a regimen of conjugated estrogens had genital flora similar to that of the other women studied.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Preoperative hot conization of the cervix: a possible method to reduce postoperative febrile morbidity following vaginal hysterectomy.

Laboratory results indicate that the endocervix may be a source of bacterial contamination when vaginal hysterectomy is performed. In a series of 160 consecutive vaginal hysterectomies in premenopausal women, hot conization of the cervix was performed prior to the scrub with an iodophore. No preoperative antibiotics were used in this series. The postoperative febrile morbidity rate was 4.3 per cent and the average stay was 4.5 days. These results are compared with those of three other groups: (1) patients who received a three-dose parenteral prophylactic antibiotic course with the first dose two hours prior to surgery had a febrile morbidity rate of 8.6 per cent. (2) In patients who had prophylactic antibiotics for five days with the first dose given intraoperatively, the febrile morbidity rate was 10.1 per cent. (3) The febrile morbidity rate in the group with no antibiotic prophylaxis or hot conization was 49.1 per cent. Laboratory and clinical data suggest that preoperative conization may be effective in the reduction of postoperative febrile morbidity.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1977

Effect of preoperative scrub on the bacterial flora of the endocervix and vagina.

A study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a preoperative vaginal and perineal scrub in reducing bacteria. An iodophore soap followed by an iodophore solution was used for the scrub. Cultures were taken from the vagina and endocervix of 50 patients before and after the scrub, and cultured for aerobes, anaerobes, and mycoplasma. An average of 5.62 bacterial species per patient was cultured from the vagina before the scrub and 3.9 from the endocervix. The corresponding numbers after the scrub were 0.08 species per patient from the vagina and 1.84 from the endocervix. The reduction of organisms from the vagina was unrelated to the reduction in the endocervix. The scrub was by far more effective in the vagina than in the endocervix. The vagina was bacteria free in 92% of cases while the endocervix was bacteria free in only 8% of cases. No organisms could be recovered from the cervix of 8 patients who had removal of the endocervix by hot conization followed by the iodophore scrub. There was an average of 4.25 species per patient from the 8 cultures of the endocervix prior to the cone and scrub.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Colonization of the pharynx with Neisseria gonorrhoeae: experience in a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases.

At a clinic for treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, 1,453 patients were examined for pharyngeal colonization with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. A history of oral sex was reported by 895 (61.2%) of the patients. N. gonorrhoeae was isolated from the pharynges of 42 (2.9%) of the 1,453 patients. Twenty-seven of the 42 patients with N. gonorrhoeae-positive cultures gave histories of oral sex, and all 42 patients reported orogenital contact when questioned again at a follow-up visit. Seven patients with positive cultures had pharyngeal symptoms; all seven practiced fellatio. Eleven of the infected men were asymptomatic heterosexuals whose only orogenital contact was cunnilingus.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sexually transmitted diseases and pregnancy.

The association of adverse pregnancy outcome with Treponema pallidum, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and herpes simplex infections is well known and specific recommendations for management have been formulated. However, other agents that are not so well known can be transmitted sexually and threaten an otherwise healthy pregnancy. These agents are discussed in order to make the nurse more aware of related maternal and fetal diseases.

Chlamydia Infections↗