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Biomedical subjects

N Flax

Publications and source records attributed to N Flax.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Results of surgical treatment of intermittent divergent strabismus.

Inasmuch as surgery is often suggested as the primary treatment for intermittent exotropia, we undertook an extensive literature search to ascertain the outcome of this treatment. Surprisingly, only 22 papers were located which gave presurgical and postsurgical results for intermittent exotropia using reasonably clear success criteria. Many other papers were located but were excluded because they either failed to state the criteria used, lumped exotropia and esotropia together in their reported successes, or used orthoptics along with surgery. The total number of cases reported in the 22 acceptable papers was analyzed in terms of four levels of success to permit comparison across studies. These four levels were: functional success, motor alignment, cosmetically acceptable, and unsuccessful (no change or worse). The data are tabulated and summarized.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1985

Clinical assessment of accommodative facility in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals.

Clinical assessment of accommodative facility, using +/- 2.00 diopter flippers monocularly, was performed in asymptomatic and symptomatic populations in either single test sessions or multiple daily test sessions. In single session results, there was a trend for the average accommodative flipper rate to decrease as symptom level increased. The cut-off symptomatic/asymptomatic accommodative flipper rate was about 11 cycles per minute. In multiple session results, the average accommodative flipper rate, independent of symptom level, took approximately one week to asymptote to a stable level, with performance remaining at this level two weeks after termination of daily test sessions. Variability in daily flipper rate increased as symptom level increased. These results demonstrate the clinical usefulness of the +/- 2.00 diopter monocular flipper test in the screening for accommodative dysfunction.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1985

Functional case analysis: an interpretation of the Skeffington model.

The four components of the model of vision developed by Skeffington are described. The influence of stress induced by reading on the interrelation between accommodation (identification) and convergence (centering) is discussed. The use of a convex lens to reduce the need for adaptive responses is presented.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1978

Orthoptic treatment of strabismus.

The purpose of this paper will be to carefully examine the effectiveness of orthoptics as a viable treatment modality for strabismus. It will be necessary to first examine the scope of this problem and the significance of functional cure. A short discussion of perceptual and psychological effects will be included. A review of pertinent literature and an analysis of the data will be presented. Any commonalities or generalizations which can be identified will then be discussed and analyzed. Finally, the training of the optometrist in orthoptics and associated subjects will be examined to demonstrate the qualification of the optometrist to administer orthoptics in the treatment of visual anomalies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Simple formulas for computation of prism vergence and accommodation stimulation in a Brewster stereoscope.

Two formulas are presented which permit rapid determination of accommodative and convergence demands in a Brewster stereoscope. The formulas are easily applied and are valid for any circumstances. The formula for convergence is unique in that it is independent of the patient's interpupillary setting for all instrument settings and yields results directly comparable to standard clinical measurements. The formula for accommodation is: see article. The formula for convergence is: see article. These formulas hold where A is accommodation in diopters, C is convergence in prism diopters, TD is distance of stereogram from stereoscope lenses in meters, P is power of stereoscope lenses in diopters, LS is separation of optical centers of stereoscope lenses in centimeters, and TS is the separation of corresponding points of the stereogram half-views in centimeters.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1975

Antisocial children in a summer camp environment: a time-sampling study.

A discussion is set forth regarding the possibly dysfunctional consequences of grouping antisocial children in homogeneous contexts for treatment. It is posited that antisocial children can profit from being placed for treatment in community based settings (for example, community centers, YMCAs, and neighborhood settlement houses) in which most of the other children are considered prosocial. In the present study 5 antisocial boys were placed in a residential summer camp consisting of 81 boys and 75 girls. Comparisons are made among the frequencies of prosocial, nonsocial, and antisocial behavior observed for the antisocial children placed in four groups, prosocial children in these groups, and the prosocial children in four other groups. These comparisons yield no significant differences among the antisocial and prosocial children's behavior. Findings are discussed in terms of their relevance for the helping professions.

Camping↗
PubMed1975

The utilization of a consulting clinical psychologist within an urban vision training clinic.

Multi-disciplinary evaluation of children with learning problems is necessary in many cases. The private optometrist frequently has psychological resources available to him and his patients. In an urban setting with an inner city patient population, the clinical practitioner has much difficulty in referring and in retrieving psychological data. The function of a consulting psychologist as an attending staff member of the Visual Training Department of the Optometric Center of New York is described, and a preliminary report of 52cases referred for psychological consultation between September 1, 1972 and June 30, 1973 is presented.

Community Health Services↗