Premature menopause due to a small deletion in the long arm of the X chromosome: a report of three cases and a review.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to N Fitch.
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Several investigators have suggested that the Marshall syndrome and the Weaver syndrome are one entity because of some phenotypic overlap. This paper reviews the findings in nine additional patients with the Marshall syndrome and concludes that the syndromes are two distinct entities. In the Marshall syndrome there is a characteristic facies, failure to thrive in terms of height, weight, and psychomotor development, and early death. In the Weaver syndome the infants thrive too well: weight and heights are much above normal. They also have increased bifrontal diameters, hypertonia, prominent finger pads, and thin, deep-set nails, and the face is quite different from the Marshall facies.
Short stature may be a component of the brachydactyly C syndrome. A family is presented in which the propositus has brachydactyly C, short stature, and hip dysplasia.
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A family is reported in which both the syndrome of Axenfeld and the eye malformations of the syndrome of Rieger occur, indicating that both may be expressions of the same gene. We also review the associated anomalies already reported, emphasise their high incidence, suggest that these are not accidental associations, and propose some possible explanations for the high incidence.
An infant is reported with absent left hemidiaphragm, hydrocephalus, arhinencephaly, and cardiovascular anomalies. The parents are second cousins.
Bilateral and unilateral renal agenesis may be expressions of single dominant gene. Chromosome abnormalities may be present and the renal agenesis may be part of a syndrome of multiple abnormalities. Apparently normal relatives of affected individuals should be screened by intravenous pyelography before genetic counselling given.
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A woman with the autosomal dominant syndrome of preauricular pits, cervical fistulae, and partial deafness gave birth to two children with preauricular pits and severe renal dysgenesis. The facies had some features of the Potter facies of renal agenesis. One child died soon after birth because of pneumothorax and immature development of the lungs. We suggest that all infants with renal agenesis or dysgenesis be examined for preauricular pits because of the high recurrence risk of renal anomalies in families with this syndrome.
A family is described in which two male infants have microcephaly, abnormal ears, anti-mongoloid slant, small mouth, cleft palate, flexed overlapping fingers with syndactyly of digits three and four, syndactyly of the second to the fifth toes, and normal karyotype. This seems to be a new syndrome.