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Biomedical subjects

N E Eriksson

Publications and source records attributed to N E Eriksson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Allergy to pollen from different deciduous trees in Sweden. An investigation with skin tests, provocation tests and the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) in springtime hay fever patients.

92 adult patients with springtime allergy were investigated with skin tests, provocation tests and the RAST. Allergen extracts from 12 different deciduous trees were used. Positive reactions, often of high intensity, were most often found with birch, alder, bog-myrtle, beech and hazel allergens whereas oak, aspen, linden, elm, sallow, maple and poplar allergens more often gave negative or only weak positive test results. Cross sensitizations were found between botanically related as well as between less related species of the trees. Almost all patients with a clinically relevant tree pollen allergy had positive provocation tests with birch pollen. No patient had positive reactions to all the 12 allergens included in the study. 68% had positive provocation tests with the combination birch, alder and hazel. It is concluded that for diagnostic screening purposes it is sufficient to use birch pollen allergen. If the majority of relevant tree pollens are to be included in a diagnostic or therapeutic programme in Western Sweden it should contain birch, alder, hazel, beech and bog-myrtle allergens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The rapidity of bronchodilatation. A comparison of isoprenaline, terbutaline and rimiterol.

The onset of action of three sympathomimetic drugs (rimiterol 0.2 mg, terbutaline 0.25 mg and isoprenaline 0.08 mg) administered by metered dose inhaler was compared in 12 asthmatics. In order to evaluate side effects of the drugs, a second dose of the aerosols, 8-10 times higher than the first one, was given after 30 min. The effects were measured in terms of VC, FEV1.0, PEF and heart rate. All the substances caused a significant increase in spirometric values within 1.5 min, the results with isoprenaline being slightly better than those with terbutaline. An increased heart rate was observed after the first dose of isoprenaline whereas no further increase was found after the higher dose. Two patients complained of palpitations, one after isoprenaline and one after rimiterol. No other side effects were recorded. It is concluded that there is a small, clinically insignificant, difference in the onset of action of isoprenaline compared with that of the selective beta2-stimulating aerosol, terbutaline.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Diagnosis of reaginic allergy with house dust, animal dander and pollen allergens in adult patients. II. A comparison between skin tests and provocation tests.

The results of skin tests (ST) were compared with those of 2,055 provocation tests (PT) in 403 patients with asthma and/or allergic rhinitis. The overall agreement between ST and PT results was 77%. Various correlation figures were found for different allergens. In patients with pronounced allergy in the shock organ the prportion of positive ST was higher than in those with low-grade allergy. It is concluded that only strong ST reactions should be relied upon. In other cases additional diagnostic methods are reccommended. The diagnostic precision of ST is of the same order of sizes as that of the radioallergosorbent test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Diagnosis of reaginic allergy with house dust, animal dander and pollen allergens in adult patients. III. Case histories and combinations of case histories, skin tests and the radioallergosorbent test, RAST, compared with provocation tests.

Case histories alone and combined with the results of skin tests and/or the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) were compared with the results of provocation tests in 397 patients with asthma or allergic rhinitis. Case histories often turned out to be doubtful. The agreement between negative histories and negative provocation tests was 77% and that between positive histories and positive provocation tests 64%. When case histories were supported by concordant skin test or RAST results, the agreement with provocation tests increased to about 90%. When a scoring system for the combinations of different diagnostic methods was employed, a 100% agreement with provocation tests was obtained for cases with high scores. It is concluded that by using the case history in conjunction with RAST and/or skin test results, a reliable diagnosis can be achieved, eliminating the necessity of provocation tests.

Allergens↗
PubMed1977

Diagnosis of reaginic allergy with house dust, animal dander and pollen allergens in adult patients. IV. An evaluation of the clinical value of skin test, radioallergosorbent test, case history and combinations of these methods.

With the assumption that a provocation test gives the correct diagnosis, the possibility of predicting an allergy by means of the case history, a skin test, radioallergosorbent test (RAST) and combinations of these methods was evaluated for house dust, cow-, cat-, dog-, and horse-dander, timothy-, marguerite-, dandelion- and birch-pollen allergens. All procedures were found to give a reliable diagnosis provided that a group with doubtfoul group, requiring further diagnostic investigations, was smallest when all three methods were used in combination. It is suggested that, in addition to the case history, the first procedure in routine diagnosis with inhalant allergens should be a skin test. RAST should be used primarily for selected cases and as a complement to the case history and skin test, making provocation tests superfluous for the majority of patients.

Allergens↗
PubMed1977

Diagnosis of reaginic allergy with house dust, animal dander and pollen allergens in adult patients. V. A comparison between the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), provocation tests, skin tests and RAST.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) employing allergen adsorbed onto the internal surface of a plastic tube, and alkaline phosphatase conjugated anti-IgE was used for the determination of specific IgE antibodies to various inhalant allergens in serum samples from 255 individuals with asthma and/or allergic rhinitis. A total of 541 analyses were carried out and the results were compared with those of provocation tests, skin tests and the RAST. It was found that negative ELISA values with high probability indicated nonallergy and very high ELISA values (class greater than or equal to 5) indicated allergy. However, the proportion of positive ELISA values which did not correspond to clinical allergy was high, as were the number of intermediate, inconclusive values (class 1-2). Although significant correlations between the ELISA values and provocation test, skin test or the RAST were obtained with some allergens, it was concluded that our version of the ELISA has not advantages over currently used methods for allergy diagnosis.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1976

Diagnosis of reaginic allergy with house dust, animal dander and pollen allergens in adult patients. I. A comparison between RAST, skin tests and provocation tests.

RAST analyses were performed with house dust, animal dander and eleven pollen allergens in 410 adult patients with asthma and/or rhinitis and the findings were compared with skin test and provocation test results. The overall correlation between 1,316 provocation tests and RAST was 78% and the correlation between 1,778 skin tests and RAST was 66%. The relationships between RAST and in vivo tests differed considerably from allergen to allergen. No significant differences were found between various age groups. According to the in vivo tests the RAST showed more often positive results in patients with pronounced allergy than in patients with low-grade allergy. Higher RAST classes were most often combined with positive in vivo tests. It is concluded that in cases with RAST classes 2-4, a reasonably well-established allergy diagnosis can be reached without the inclusion of additional in vivo tests. In other cases, however, application of further diagnostic methods is required.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The hydraulic conductivity of the rat proximal tubular wall determined with colloidal solutions.

The hydraulic conductivity of the rat proximal tubular wall was determined using colloidal solutions perfused in short (50--200 mum) (SMP) or long (90--200 mum) (LMP) proximal tubular segments. In SMP human serum albumin (HSA) or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was added to raffinose solutions. A Lp of 0.019 nl-min-1-mm-1-mm Hg-1 was found when high colloid concentrations were used while values of 0.055--0.092 were found when low colloid concentrations were used. In other experiments, the Lp was determined by perfusing short tubular segments with pure raffinose solutions. A value of 0.015 nl-min-1-mm-1-mm Hg-1 was found. This is twice the value found when raffinose solutions were perfused through long tubular segments and it is concluded that the short microperfusion technique overestimates Lp with a factor of two. When microperfusions of long tubular segments were conducted, PVP was added to an equilibrium solution consisting of NaCl (110 mM) and raffinose (80 mM). Lp was found to be 0.018--0.021 when high colloid concentrations were used, while a value of 0.029 was found when a low colloid concentration was used. As found in both SMP and LMP a decrease in Lp's with increasing colloid concentrations indicates that a significant influence of radial concentration differences is highly probable. It is therefore suggested that the highest Lp derived when using the lowest colloid concentrations represents the best estimate. With this Lp value (0.03--0.05 nl-min-1-mm-1-mm Hg-1) and the existing transtubular hydrostatic and oncotic pressure difference it can be calculated that these passive forces might constitute the driving force for 1/3 of the fluid reabsorbed in the proximal tubule.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Quantity and avidity of antibodies against birch pollen in atopic patients during hyposensitization. A preliminary study.

The degree and strength of the binding of radioactively labelled allergen by antibodies in the sera of birch pollen-sensitive individuals was studied during the course of hyposensitization with alun-precipitated aqueous-pyridine extracted birch pollen antigens using the ammonium-sulphate precipitation technique originally described by FARR. The allergen binding was measured before and after absorption of the sera with anti-human IgE antibodies conjugated to Sepharose. It was noted that IgE antibodies of low avidity caused clinical sensitivity as well as IgE antibodies of higher avidity. The nasal sensitivity to birch pollen allergen of six of the seven patients studied significantly decreased by the treatment without any quite uniform change of serum-binding capacity for the allergen. Thus the clinical improvement was accompanied either by disappearance of the specific IgE antibodies, concomitant with formation of antigen-binding non-IgE antibodies, or by increased formation of IgE antibodies with very slight contribution by non-IgE antibodies to the totally increased antigen-binding efficiency. It is felt that the serological antibody changes may not reflect the most relevant immunological events during successful hyposensitization therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Effects of practolol in combination with terbutaline in the treatment of hypertension and arrhythmias in asthmatic patients.

After a run-in period practolol was given in the dose of 100 mg twice daily to 29 patients with chronic bronchial asthma on the indication hypertension (12) and supraventricular arrhythmia (17). During the run-in period, as well as during the practolol period, a long-acting beta2-stimulator, terbutaline, was given in the dose of 5 mg three times daily. Peak expiratory flow (PEF), heart rate and blood pressure were measured under standardized conditions. No change of the lung function was observed during practolol therapy. Systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure fell significantly. The heart rhythm was normalized in 15 of the arrhythmic subjects. No subjective worsening of the asthmatic symptoms or any other side effects were noted. It is suggested that practolol can be safely used in patients prone to bronchospasm, provided a long-acting beta2-stimulating drug is given concomitantly on the usual indications for beta blockers in acute situations.

Adult↗