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Biomedical subjects

N Davis

Publications and source records attributed to N Davis.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Is the non-pharmacological treatment of hypertension neglected?

Non-pharmacological techniques in the management of hypertension have been shown to be beneficial. This pilot study was set up to examine how often routine advice was given with respect to weight reduction and/or lifestyle adjustments, and whether it was needed. Three-quarters of the 69 patients in the study smoked or were overweight but only half of the smokers recalled advice to stop. One-fifth of the patients were apparently not told to lose weight. Only one-third recalled being told to reduce alcohol intake. Lifestyle counselling and the management of hypertension in this small study appeared to be not completely effective for various reasons. It is likely to be cheaper and more satisfactory than medication alone or as an adjunct and its application deserves further study.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1990

The v-rel oncogene product is complexed with cellular proteins including its proto-oncogene product and heat shock protein 70.

The oncogene product, pp59v-rel, of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV-T) is complexed in the cytosol of REV-T transformed lymphoid cells with cellular proteins. Monoclonal antibodies and antisera directed against different regions of pp59v-rel coimmunoprecipitate five cellular proteins (p124, p115, p75, p70, and p40) in addition to pp59v-rel. Cellular proteins with the same apparent molecular mass also copurify with pp59v-rel during sequential Sephacryl S200 and immunoaffinity chromatography. Antisera directed against the most abundant cellular protein in the complex, pp40, coimmunoprecipitate pp59v-rel and several cellular proteins with the same apparent molecular mass. The 75-kDa protein in the pp59v-rel complex is the product of c-rel proto-oncogene and is weakly phosphorylated. In MSB-1 cells this protein is not detectably phosphorylated or associated with cellular proteins. The 70-kDa protein in the pp59v-rel containing cytosolic complex is the constitutive form of avian heat shock protein 70 (HSC70). The p70 protein coimmunoprecipitates and copurifies with pp59v-rel using antisera directed against pp59v-rel and coimmunoprecipitates with antisera specific for pp40. The p70 isolated from immune complexes containing pp59v-rel shares V8 protease fragments with HSC70.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Two-year follow-up of bibliotherapy for depression in older adults.

The present study examined the long-term benefits of participation in a bibliotherapy program for depressed older adults. Thirty of the original 44 participants (68%) were assessed at approximately 2 years following treatment for clinician-rated and self-rated depression. There were no significant increases in either index suggesting that improvements were maintained. Follow-up questions revealed that most participants (77%) had not received other treatment, most (73%) felt their depression level had decreased, and over half (53%) had read at least parts of their assigned book during the 2-year interval. Results further support the potential for structured bibliotherapy as a treatment adjunct or alternative.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Avian reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed lymphoid cells contain multiple pp59v-rel complexes.

The v-rel oncogene of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus type T (REV-T) encodes a 59-kilodalton (kDa) phosphoprotein located principally in the cytosol of transformed lymphoid cells. All of the detectable pp59v-rel was present in high-molecular-weight complexes containing at least five cellular proteins (p124, p115, p75c-rel, p70hsc, and pp40). Antiserum was developed against the 40-kDa protein, the most abundant cellular protein associated with the complex. The 40-kDa phosphoprotein was complexed with pp59v-rel in REV-T-transformed lymphoid cell lines arrested at different stages of B-cell development as well as in lymphoid tumor cells and in fibrosarcomas. The half-life (8 h) of pp40 in REV-T-transformed lymphoid cells was the same as that of pp59v-rel. Antiserum against pp40 permitted the identification of two pp59v-rel complexes. The most abundant cytoplasmic complex contained approximately 75% of the pp59v-rel and all of the detectable pp40 in REV-T-transformed lymphoid cells. Twenty-five percent of the pp59v-rel was present in a minor complex that contained the majority of p75c-rel along with p115 and p124. In nuclear extracts of REV-T-transformed lymphoid cells, pp59v-rel was complexed with pp40. The two high-molecular-weight proteins (p115 and p124) and p75c-rel were not detected in the nuclear complex. In the cytosolic complexes, pp40 was heavily phosphorylated, whereas the nuclear form was much less extensively phosphorylated.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Nephrotic syndrome: from toddlers to twenties.

63 patients with steroid-sensitive, biopsy-proven minimal-change nephrotic syndrome were followed for between 10 and 21 years. 2 died. All the survivors had normal renal function and blood pressure, and only 2 had a single attack. Frequent relapse was more common with young age of onset and in boys. The frequency of relapse fell rapidly over the first 4 years after diagnosis and then plateaued. Relapses continued into adult life. No definite endpoint to the disease could be defined although there was a linear relation between length of remission and risk of subsequent relapse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

A reassessment of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein in diabetic pregnancy.

We assessed maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) concentrations in 227 diabetic women who belonged to different groups of White's classification but found no difference either between the insulin-dependent and the normative population or between the former and diabetics who were not insulin-dependent. By contrast, we found in maternal blood a marked, statistically significant inverse correlation between maternal serum AFP and the concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin in maternal blood assayed within 6 weeks of each other in mid-gestation (r = -0.4, p less than 0.05), but not when glycosylated hemoglobin was determined in the first two months of pregnancy (r = 0.05). These data indicate that the decrease in maternal serum AFP found in pregnant diabetic women is related to the efficacy of diabetic control but not to the diabetic status. A correction in maternal serum AFP should therefore be applied only to values obtained for women with poor glycemic control. Decreased maternal serum AFP in poorly controlled diabetics may indicate reduced synthesis of other fetal proteins which, in turn, may correlate with fetal growth retardation and the occurrence of malformation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Apnea of infancy--a clinical problem.

Of 569 infants referred to the Children's Orthopedic Hospital and Medical Center Apnea Program (Seattle) for evaluation between 1978 and 1983, a total of 232 were discharged with cardiopulmonary monitors. Of these, 164 (71%) were at 38 weeks' gestation or more (term). In all, 203 (88%) presented with an episode in which vigorous stimulation or resuscitation was used to terminate the event. The mean age of the infants at first episode was 43 days. In 226 (97%) of the infants there was resolution of apnea symptoms by 1 year of age. During this interval, five infants died. Those infants who presented with severe episodes continued to have severe episodes at home and had a longer mean duration of monitoring than those presenting with milder symptoms.

Apnea↗
PubMed1986

Epidemiological comparisons of sudden infant death syndrome with infant apnoea.

A unique opportunity to study proven infant apnoea (PIA) and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) occurrences epidemiologically in 12 Counties in north-western Washington State during the same time period during which 180,017 live births were recorded revealed markedly dissimilar distribution patterns. The overall incidence of SIDS exceeded that of PIA by a factor of 3. Five PIA babies subsequently succumbed to SIDS. Statistical analysis reveals that these five events cannot be explained as random coincidences; they represent 3% of 163 PIA cases but only 1% of 503 SIDS occurrences. Infant apnoea is an infrequent precursor of SIDS. These results do not support the view that SIDS and infant apnoea are related conditions caused by a common underlying disorder. Aetiological models other than infant apnoea must be devised if the momentum of SIDS research is to be sustained.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Sudden infant death syndrome and malignant hyperthermia diathesis.

A case-control investigation of the association of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome with a family history compatible with susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia disclosed close agreement with a previously published uncontrolled study from Australia. A definitive investigation of this association will require development of a less invasive and simpler test than is currently available for identifying individuals at risk.

Apnea↗
PubMed1984

Breast cancer in association with lobular carcinoma in situ. Clinicopathologic review and treatment recommendation.

A 6 year follow-up study of 80 women with coexisting lobular carcinoma in situ and infiltrating breast cancer has been conducted to emphasize the natural history and management of these cancers. Treatment of the contralateral breast is of utmost importance as lobular carcinoma in situ is a multicentric neoplasm associated with a subsequent high occurrence of invasive cancer. This series has documented a high incidence of bilateral cancer. Six patients (7.5 percent) had simultaneous bilateral tumors and eight patients (10 percent) had the subsequent development of a second primary tumor, representing approximately four times the expected rate. Despite a well structured out-patient department, follow-up was suboptimal. Six of eight metachronous tumors were detected at a late stage (T2 and greater).

Adult↗