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Biomedical subjects

N C Lee

Publications and source records attributed to N C Lee.

118 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Deaths attributable to tubal sterilization in the United States, 1977 to 1981.

In 1979, the Centers for Disease Control began surveillance of deaths attributable to tubal sterilization in order to determine why they occur and what may be done to prevent them. Since that time, 29 such deaths have been identified as occurring in the United States from 1977 through 1981. Of these 29 deaths, 11 followed complications of general anesthesia, seven were due to sepsis, four were due to hemorrhage, three were due to myocardial infarction, and four deaths were related to other causes. Some of these deaths might have been prevented by use of endotracheal intubation for general anesthesia, particularly for laparoscopic sterilization, safer use of unipolar coagulation or use of alternative techniques, careful insertion of the needle and trocar for laparoscopy, and discontinuation of oral contraceptives before sterilization. Further surveillance may help to make tubal sterilization even safer.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Third-trimester induced abortion in Georgia, 1979 and 1980.

We reviewed 86 third-trimester induced abortions reported to the Georgia Department of Human Resources in 1979 and 1980. Only three of the 78 with adequate data were classified correctly. Fetal deaths in utero accounted for 67.4 per cent of reported cases and first- or second-trimester abortions 18.6 per cent. The true rate of induced abortions performed in the third trimester was 4.3 per 100,000 legal abortions. Diagnosed anencephaly accounted for two out of the three valid third-trimester induced abortions performed.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1983

Type of intrauterine device and the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease.

To study the association of pelvic inflammatory disease and various types of intrauterine devices (IUDs), data from the Women's Health Study were analyzed. The analysis included data from interviews of 622 women hospitalized with an initial episode of pelvic inflammatory disease and 2369 hospitalized control subjects reporting no history of pelvic inflammatory disease. Compared to the risk in women using no contraception, the relative risk of pelvic inflammatory disease in women currently using the Dalkon Shield was 8.3 (95% confidence limits 4.7 to 14.5). This represented a fivefold increase in risk compared to women currently using other types of IUDs. In this study, only 10% of women wearing an IUD were using the Dalkon Shield, yet they accounted for almost 20% of the excess risk of pelvic inflammatory disease occurring among all the IUD users. Most of the increased risk of pelvic inflammatory disease for women currently using other IUDs (excluding the Dalkon Shield) occurred in the first four months after insertion. These associations were not explained by differences between cases and controls in demographic variables, level of sexual activity, or medical history. The authors recommend that women still using a Dalkon Shield have it removed.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of common breast problems: guidance for primary care providers.

The evaluation of common breast problems requires an assessment of the patient's risks and symptoms and a thorough physical examination. When indicated, appropriate imaging studies should be done, the patient should be referred to a surgeon or a breast specialist, and operative interventions should be used.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determining HIV seroprevalence among women in women's health clinics.

Human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV), seroprevalence studies are needed to determine the level and trends of HIV infection among women attending family planning, abortion, and prenatal care clinics in the United States. A review of published and unpublished studies showed that HIV seroprevalence among women attending women's health clinics was 0 to 2.6 percent, although the studies were difficult to compare because of differences in methodology. The Centers for Disease Control, in association with State and local health departments, has developed a standardized protocol to determine HIV seroprevalence among women attending women's health clinics in selected metropolitan areas. Blinded HIV serosurveys (serologic test results not identified with a person) are being conducted annually in selected sentinel clinics in order to obtain estimates of HIV seroprevalence unbiased by self-selection, as well as to monitor trends in infection among clients attending these clinics. In areas with high HIV seroprevalence, nonblinded serosurveys (in which clients voluntarily agree to participate) will be used to assess behaviors that may place women at increased risk of exposure to HIV. Data from the surveys can be used in developing age-specific and culturally appropriate AIDS educational materials, assessing the amount and type of counseling activities required, and evaluating acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevention activities. The information will provide epidemiologic data to complement the results of other surveys in characterizing the scope of HIV infection among women of childbearing age in the United States.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The activity of N-(hydroxymethyl) melamines in fresh human ovarian tumour cells and xenografts.

Trimelamol (TM) was developed as a water soluble analogue of the oral chemotherapeutic agent hexamethyl-melamine (HMM), to be administered i.v., in an effort to avoid dose limiting emesis. Because of formulation difficulties due to its inherent instability the development of TM was halted. In vivo studies using a human ovarian cancer xenograft model PXN/65 showed TM to be curative in the dose range of 15-60 mg/kg i.p. daily x 5, for 4 weeks. Conversely, HMM given at the highest dose (60 mg/kg i.p., or 90 mg/kg p.o.) indicated only very modest tumour growth delays. In vitro chemosensitivity testing using primary ovarian tumour cultures showed that in 12/23 cases indicating reduced sensitivity to cisplatin or carboplatin, sensitivity to TM was increased. TM was curative in the carboplatin-resistant HX 110P human ovarian cancer xenograft and promising activity was seen in the MX-1 human breast cancer xenograft. In spite of enhanced stability in aqueous solution and good in vitro cytotoxicity, the TM analogues CB 7669 (triscyanomethyl) and CB 7639 (tristrifluoroethyl) showed disappointing in vivo antitumour activity which may be explained by the need for prolonged exposure. TM analogues with intermediate stability are currently under development in an effort to further the clinical development of this promising group of antitumour agents.

Altretamine↗