Biomedical subjects
N C Bitter
Publications and source records attributed to N C Bitter.
A scanning electron microscopy study of the effect of bleaching agents on enamel: a preliminary report.
The effect of bleaching agents on the enamel surface was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The comparison of treated to untreated enamel revealed that the treated surface had increased surface change and porosity after the equivalent of 30 hours of exposure to the bleaching agent. The degree of alteration of enamel surface was not uniform and was influenced by cleanliness (oral hygiene) of the treated teeth and apparent variation in calcification. The enamel surface developed varying degrees of surface porosity and alteration.
The effect of 25% tannic acid on prepared dentin: a scanning electron microscope-methylene blue dye study.
The effect on the permeability of prepared dentin treated with 25% tannic acid and 6% citric acid was compared with the untreated dentinal surface. Methylene blue was applied to the dentin surface after treatment to evaluate penetration into dentinal tubules. The tannic acid solution reduced or prevented dye penetration of the dentinal tubules. Citric acid treatment permitted severe penetration. The 25% tannic acid solution removed the smear layer while inhibiting penetration of the dye.
Tannic acid for smear layer removal: pilot study with scanning electron microscope.
The effects of a 25% tannic acid solution applied to the surface of prepared dentin was compared with untreated prepared dentin surfaces. The following results were demonstrated by electron microscope observation: (1) cavity preparations created an amorphous dentinal smear layer, (2) placement of a 25% tannic acid solution for 15 seconds removed the smear layer, (3) the contents of the dentinal tubules were not removed and no enlargement of dentinal tubules was found, and (3) a clean dentinal surface was observed.
A 25% tannic acid solution as a root canal irrigant cleanser: a scanning electron microscope study.
A scanning electron microscope was used to evaluate the cleansing properties of a 25% tannic acid solution on the dentinal surface in the pulp chamber of endodontically prepared teeth. This was compared with the amorphous smear layer of the canal with the use of hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite solution as an irrigant. The tannic acid solution removed the smear layer more effectively than the regular cleansing agent.
[Separation of smear layer of amorphous dentin with a 25% tannic acid solution].
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Glass ionomer-microfil technique for restoring cervical lesions.
The technique described has been used with good success. Failures have been negligible and may be attributed to poor technique of mixing of the ionomer, since it is difficult to completely standardize procedures. The advantages are caries resistance, bonding with minimal preparation, and pulpal protection while providing improved esthetics (Fig. 2).
Periodontal infection treated conservatively by scaling. Report of a case.
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A scanning electron microscope study of the long-term effect of bleaching agents on the enamel surface in vivo.
Vital bleaching of teeth is, increasingly, a popular esthetic desire. Bleaching agents are provided in over-the-counter as well as dental office bleaching kits. However, the effect of the bleaching agents on the enamel surface is not fully understood, and cautions approaches to their use are not usually explained to patients. In this study, an in vivo exposure of bleaching agents is used to evaluate the short and long-term effect on the enamel surface; the results are demonstrated by scanning with an electron microscope. Exposure to the bleaching agents for 14 days created an alteration of the enamel surface and caused exposure of the enamel prisms. Moreover, a 21- to 90-day post-exposure SEM evaluation demonstrated alteration of the surface enamel, indicating exposure of the enamel prismatic layer, frequently to the depth of the enamel rods and possibly the dentin.