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Biomedical subjects

N Basso

Publications and source records attributed to N Basso.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

CT of Nissen's fundoplication.

The aim of this work is to describe the computed tomographic (CT) anatomy in patients who underwent Nissen's fundoplication. Forty patients (mean age = 61 years) with peptic esophagitis (nine cases), refractory gastroesophageal reflux (11 cases), and hiatal hernia (20 cases) were studied. Examinations were performed by third-generation CT equipment, with patients in the prone position after the ingestion of gastrovison and barium paste. In 34 patients, the examination demonstrated anatomical variations related to surgery, that is, the presence of a soft tissue mass at the level of the distal third of the esophagus. In four patients, a functional incompetence of the fundoplication (three cases) and a recurrent hiatal hernia (one case) were demonstrated. Our results suggest a possible application for CT study in postoperative follow up of patients who undergo Nissen's fundoplication, complementary to endoscopy and functional exams.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Renin-like activity in the rat brain during the development of DOC-salt hypertension.

Levels and distribution of an angiotensin-forming enzyme, active at the physiological pH (isorenin), were determined in the central nervous system of 24 rats treated with 25 mg/kg of deoxycorticosterone (DOC) subcutaneously, twice a week, plus saline to drink during 30 days and in 14 control animals. Different areas of the brain were excised and homogenized. Renin activity and concentration were determined by incubation of the supernatant of each homogenate at pH 7.2 alone and in the presence of an excess of renin substrate. The angiotensin generated was measured by radioimmunoassay. Concentration of the renin-like enzyme was significantly higher in the posterior hypophysis and in the brain stem of the experimental group; isorenin activity was higher in the hypothalamus, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and brain stem of the DOC-salt-treated rats than in the control rats. Changes in the angiotensin-forming enzyme in the central nervous system of experimental animals, active at physiological pH, suggest that this isorenin system may play a role in the physiological response to DOC-salt in the rat. The significance of the brain isorenin system in the regulation of blood pressure requires further analysis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vascular structural changes in DOC-salt hypertensive rats.

Vascular alterations in DOC-salt hypertensive rats 10 and 30 days after the onset of the treatment were studied and compared with those from rats receiving only DOC, rats drinking salt, and control rats. Wet weight and absolute amounts of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RnA) of the artery wall were significantly increased in DOC-salt rats 10 and 30 days after the onset of the treatment. RNA/DNA and protein/DNA ratios were similar in all the experimental groups. The arteries of DOC-salt animals incorporated tritiated thymidine at a higher rate 10 days after beginning the treatment, while the uptake was similar in all the animals at the end of the experimental period. These results would indicate that, in this type of hypertension, the increase in artery mass is mainly the result of cellular hyperplasia, which is active during the early phase of the process; afterward the vascular wall reaches a new steady state characterized by a greater number of cells and no further cell proliferation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Initial mechanisms in hypertension after bilateral renal ischemia in the rat.

Cumulative water- and electrolyte balance, plasma creatinine (PC), plasma renin activity (PRA), urinary prostaglandins (PGs) E2, and F2alpha and kallikrein (K) were studied in 40 male Wistar CHbb THOM rats (250 +/- 4 g SE). A solid silver clip (0.25 mm lumen) was applied to both renal arteries in 18 animals; 13 rats were sham-operated and nine remained intact. The analyses were performed during a control period and up to 10 days after surgery. Blood pressure (BP) recorded on the 10th and 12th day of the study increased significantly in clipped rats with respect to sham rats (p less than 0.001);PC and PRA measured on the 11th day were not significantly different. A positive cumulative water "balance" )p less than 0.01) and sodium balance (p less than 0.02) was found in clipped rats when compared with sham rats in the first 5 days of the experimental period. Significantly higher values of PGE2 urinary excretion were observed in sham rats vs clipped rats on the 2nd and 5th day after surgery (p less than 0.02). On the 2nd day after surgery, K urinary excretion was significantly lower in clipped rats than in sham rats (p less than 0.02). No significant changes were observed in PGF2alpha excretion. The absence of significant difference in PRA 10 days after bilateral renal artery stenosis points to a lack of any fundamental role of circulating angiotensin II at this stage of the development of hypertension. The significant water- and salt retention in the first 5 days after clipping suggests that it might be involved in the pathogenesis of this model. Early changes in PGs E2 and F2alpha and K appear to be related more to intrarenal adjustments soon after surgery than to the increase in BP.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Angiotensinogen concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid in different experimental conditions in the rat.

Angiotensinogen is the most important component of the renin-angiotensin system present in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the rat. Its physiological significance as well as its origin have not been clearly elucidated. In this experiment we have examined plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma and CSF angiotensinogen concentration under the following experimental conditions in male rats of the Wistar strain: 1) adrenalectomy (Adx) 4 days prior to sample collection; controls were sham Adx animals; 2) nephrectomy (Nx) 48 hours before blood and CSF collection; controls were sham Nx rats; 3) DOC-salt treatment (Cortexon depot, 50 mg/kg.s.c. twice a week) plus saline to drink was given during 4 weeks; controls were intact rats; 4) DOC-salt plus captopril: captopril (100 mg/kg/day) in the drinking fluid was added to the treatment of experimental and control animals of Group 3; 5) two-kidney, two clip hypertension: silver clips placed in both renal arteries 8 weeks before samples collection; control: sham-operated rats; 6) water deprivation: rats deprived of water for 5 days; controls: intact rats; 7) peripheral sympathectomy: 6-hydroxydopamine (6-HODA) injected s.c. from birth until 16 weeks of age, adrenodemedullectomy and adrenal denervation performed at 8 weeks; controls were vehicle-injected animals. Determination of angiotensinogen concentration in plasma and CSF was accomplished by incubation of the samples with excess hog renin. The angiotensin I released as well as PRA were evaluated using an specific radioimmunoassay technique. PRA was significantly increased by Adx, captopril treatment, and water deprivation, and was almost suppressed by Nx, DOC-salt, and DOC-salt plus captopril treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Further studies on the development of two-kidney, two clip Goldblatt hypertension in 6-hydroxydopamine-treated rats.

The development of two-kidney, two clip Goldblatt hypertension (2K2C) in the rat seems to be unaffected by chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-HODA) and adrenal demedullation. Since this treatment only partially depletes vascular norepinephrine (NE) content, we evaluated the degree of sympathectomy achieved with the 6-HODA treatment and the structural vascular changes in treated and untreated animals. Litters of male Wistar rats were divided in two groups: 6-HODA-treated (6-HODA) animals (group 1) were injected with 6-HODA since the day of birth until the end of the experiment; control group (CG) animals (group 2) received the vehicle solution. When rats reached about 250 g, a silver clip (0.25 mm width) was placed on both renal arteries in half of them in each group; a sham operation was performed on the rest of the animals. Adrenal demedullation and denervation was performed in all 6-HODA animals. Blood pressure was followed weekly by the tail cuff method for 7 weeks. At the 8th week, Silastic cannulas were placed in the carotid artery and jugular vein in all the animals. Pressor responses to tyramine (0.05 and 0.1 mg), angiotensin (10, 40 and 160 ng), and norepinephrine (NE) (25, 100 and 400 ng) and the hypotensive effect of prazosin (1 mg/kg) were determined in the conscious rats. The pressor effect of carotid occlusion was registered 24 hours later. Animals were sacrificed, and the heart and artery weight as well as the nucleic acids and alkali soluble proteins content in the vascular wall were determined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in 2 kidney -2 clip Goldblatt hypertensive rats of both sexes submitted to chronic hypobaric hypoxia.

The effect of chronic hypobaric hypoxia (CHH) on the development of 2k-2c Goldblatt renovascular hypertension has been analyzed in rats of both sexes. Results have shown lower values of blood pressure (BP) in all the animals exposed to CHH compared with their normoxic control (P < 0.001). Haematocrit was increased by adaptation to CHH (P < 0.001), and was larger in male than in female hypoxic rats, both normotensive (P < 0.05) and hypertensive (P < 0.01). Plasma renin activity was higher in normoxic and hypoxic hypertensive female rats than in their normotensive controls (P < 0.05). Plasma angiotensinogen concentration was higher in normoxic control male rats than in all the other groups. This difference disappeared after adaptation to CHH or development of hypertension. Plasma aldosterone concentration was lowest in normoxic control male rats and the difference also disappeared after CHH or renal ischemia. Present data indicate that CHH blunts the hypertensive response to bilateral renal ischemia in male and female rats. Sexual differences related to the mechanisms that could be involved in hypertension development have been observed. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system might be modulated by gonadal hormones during the development of hypertension.

Aldosterone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Laparoscopic surgery of the colorectum: analysis of results of the National Registry of the Italian Society of Endoscopic Surgery and New Technologies (S.I.C.E.)].

The aim of this paper was to review the data from the Italian Registry of Laparoscopic Colo-Rectal Surgery sponsored by SICE. The Italian Registry was set up in January 1993 by the merging of two Registries existing since November 1991. Thirty-five centres, up to March 2001, had participated in the Registry, with 2,793 patients recorded (F = 1,409, M = 1,384), 1878 for malignancy and 915 for benign diseases. The median age was 63.7 years. The conversion rate was 10.8%. Mortality was 0.6% (18 cases) and major abdominal complications occurred in 11.1% of patients. The reoperation rate was 5.1%. After a median follow-up of 59 months, 16 patients (0.9%) presented abdominal wall metastases. Relapses occurred in 18.5% of patients after curative resections for rectal cancer, and in 12.7% after curative resections for colon cancer. Laparoscopic colo-rectal surgery has gained widespread acceptance. The reproducibility and safety of all the major laparoscopic colo-rectal procedures has been demonstrated. Nevertheless, the lack of long-term results of randomised trials in terms of oncological efficacy and the technical difficulties of the procedures suggests that laparoscopic colo-rectal surgery should be performed only in referral centres by skilled surgeons.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Laparoscopic ultrasonography in laparoscopic surgery and diagnosis].

The authors report their experience with 101 patients examined with laparoscopic ultrasound (LU) using a dedicated 7.5-MHz linear probe which can be introduced through the 10-mm surgical trocars. In the patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (77 cases), LU adequately demonstrated gallbladder wall and contents in all cases and visualized the main bile duct in 93.5% of cases; stones of the CBD or cystic duct were demonstrated in two cases. The liver was studied in 18 patients undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy or laparoscopic colonic resection: secondary lesions were identified in two cases, while benign lesions (cysts or angiomas) were seen in 6 cases. In the patients operated on for colonic resection (8 cases), LU was successfully used to localize the enteric tract affected by the tumor and to mark safety margins for excision. The technical features of the exam are reported and the main imaging findings discussed. The authors conclude that LU is a safe method which is easy to perform and does not significantly increase the operating time; the indications of this laparoscopic application of ultrasound are not yet defined but the application area will certainly widen in the future, as operative and diagnostic laparoscopy are more and more frequently used by surgeons.

Adult↗