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Biomedical subjects

N Basso

Publications and source records attributed to N Basso.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Acid and gastrin levels after bombesin and calcium infusion in patients with incomplete antrectomy.

In 17 patients with postoperative recurrent peptic ulcer, incomplete antrectomy (I.A.) was found by endoscopic biopsies in 5. No evidcence of I.A. was found in the remaining 12 patients. Gastric acid output and gastrin levels were measured in basal conditions and following a calcium I.V. infusion (4 mg/kg hr of Ca++ over 4 hr) and a bombesin (BBS) I.V. infusion (15 ng/kg min over 90 min). Basal gastrin levels were significantly differnt in the two groups of patients: BBS infusion augmented significantly serum gastrin levels in all patients with I.S., while BBS infusion had no significant effect on serum gastrin levels in the group of patients without I.A. Acid output following BBS infusion showed a pattern similar to the pattern seen for gastrin. Calcium infusion augmented gastric acid secretion and gastrin levels in the patients with I.A.; however, the response to calcium could not clearly separate in all instances patients with I.A. from patients without I.A. It is concluded that the "BBS infusion test" may be heplful in the diagnosis of I.A. in patients with postoperative peptic ulcer.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Progress in the treatment of acute gastroduodenal mucosal lesions (AGML).

This article presents an analysis of acute gastroduodenal mucosal lesions (AGML) based on a review of current literature and the personal experience of the authors. The pathology of AGML involes two distinct types of lesions, namely, superficial erosions confined to the acid-secreting gastric mucosa and presenting as erosive hemorrhagic gastritis, and acute ulcers that occur in the alkaline gastric mucosa and duodenum. The etiology of these two lesions is very likely different. Acut gastroduodenal ulcers, best known as stress ulcers, are probably "peptic" lesions, whereas erosive hemorrhagic gastritis appears to be due to pathologic back diffusion of hydrogen ions caused by a breakdown of the gastric mucosal barrier as a result of endogenous factors, such as gastric mucosal ischemia, and sometimes exogenous factors, such as alcohol, urea, and acetylsalicylic acid. Catecholamine hypersecretion resulting from severe stress, such as occurs in hypovolemia, sepsis, and hypercapnea, contributes to ischemia of the gastric mucosa by producing splanchnic vasoconstriction. The key to the diagnosis of AGML is early endoscopy in all cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Therapy for AGML should begin with a trial of medical measures directed at restoring effective perfusion of tissues and removing hydrogen ions from the stomach by gastric washing. Medical therapy is effective in 80% of patients with erosive hemorrhagic gastritis, but surgical treatment is usually required in acute gastroduodenal ulcer. When surgery is necessary for either type of lesion, vagotomy with hemigastrectomy appears to be the most effective operation. The personal experience of the authors has involved 36 patients with AGML who were treated in three periods between 1968 and 1976. The mortality rate of patients with AGML has been reduced from 50% in the first 2 years to zero in the last 2 years by the use of emergency endoscopy for diagnosis, appropriate medical therapy, properly timed and executed surgery, and, most recently, selective angiography.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Retained antral mucosa in pancreaticoduodenectomy patients.

Thirteen patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy were studied. In three patients presenting with stomal ulcer or bleeding stomitis, endoscopic biopsies showed the presence of retained antral mucosa (RAM). No disease and no RAM was present in the remaining ten patients. Bombesin (BBS) infusion augmented both gastric acid and gastrin secretion in the group with RAM, whereas no change was apparent in the remaining ten patients. The BBS infusion test is useful in detecting stomal ulcer high risk pancreaticoduodenectomy patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Vascular renin-like activity and blood pressure.

Plasma renin activity, reninlike activity present at the artery wall, pressor response to exogenous hog renin, renin half-life time, and renin-like activity present at the artery wall 1 hour after injection of renin were measured in conscious rats 1 month after inducing hypertension by renal artery constriction and contralateral nephrectomy (one-kidney hypertension). Plasma renin activity was higher but without statistical significance in one-kidney hypertensive rats when compared with normotensive or sham-operated animals. Renin-like activity present at the artery wall was significantly increased in hypertensive animals only when compared with one-kidney normotensive rats. Pressor responses to renin in one-kidney hypertensive and normotensive rats were of significantly longer duration than in sham-operated animals. The inactivation rate of exogenous renin followed a first-order reaction with a half-life of 6 minutes in sham-operated rats and of 12 minutes in one-kidney hypertensive and normotensive animals. Decreased inactivation of circulating renin could explain the protraction of the pressor response; however, the slope of the regression equation describing the inactivation of renin in all of the rats was steeper than the slope of the pressor response, indicating a dissociation between blood pressure and plasma renin activity. The renin-like activity present at the artery wall 1 hour after injection of renin was determined in the three groups; the arterial tissue of one-kidney hypertensive rats bound more circulating renin than that of normotensive rats and the latter more than that of sham-operated animals, suggesting the participation of this binding capacity in the protraction of the pressor response and in the maintenance of hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Effect of secretin, glucagon and duodenal acidification on bombesin-induced hypergastrinemia in man.

The action of duodenal acidification, of continuous I.V. infusion of secretin and glucagon and of a one bolus I.V. administration of secretin and glucagon at maximal doses on BBS-induced gastrin secretion has been studied in a group of 18 healthy subjects. Continuous infusion of secretin and glucagon and the acidification of the duodenum did not alter significantly the levels of gastrin stimulated by BBS. Secretin and glucagon administered by a single I.V. bolus paritially inhibit the effect of BBS on gastrin levels. On the basis of these results it is not possible to affirm or to exclude the possibility that BBS is a hormone physiologically present in man.

Bombesin↗
PubMed1975

Effect of bombesin on extragastric gastrin in man.

The effect of a protein test meal and a bombesin infusion on extragastric gastrin levels was studied in patients with truncal vagotomy, antrectomy, and gastroduodenostomy or gastrojejunostomy and in patients with total gastrectomy. In patients with vagotomy, antrectomy, and gastroduodenostomy and in patients with total gastrectomy the gastrin levels were raised by 33% and 35%, respectively, from basal after test meal, while during BBS infusion gastrin values decreased by 25% and 30%, respectively, from basal. In patients with vagotomy, antrectomy, and gastrojejunostomy, test meal and BBS infusion did not significantly alter basal gastrin values. It is concluded that BBS does not stimulate extragastric gastrin.

Bombesin↗
PubMed1975

External pancreatic secretion after bombesin infusion in man.

The effect of bombesin on external pancreatic secretion was studied in seven healthy volunteers and intwo patients with a two-thirds gastrectomy and a pancreatic fistula. After bombesin infusion (15 ng/kg/min), gastrin levels were significantly raised in all volunteers, but remained at basal levels in the gastrectomized patients. Bombesin was effective in stimulating pancreatic secretion in all patients. The volume of secretion increased tow-fold when compared with basal volume. Amylase and trypsin concentrations and outputs in the duodenal juice were greatly agumented (amylase concentration: basal, 70 dye U/ml; post-bombesin, 620 dye U/ml. Amylase output: basal, 1000 dye U/15 min; post-bombesin, 15,800 dye U/15 min). Secretin, when administered in conjunction with bombesin, partially inhibited its secretory effect. Bicarbonate secretion was slightly stimulated by bombesin, but at a very low level. A similar pattern of results was obtained in the two gastrectomized patients. In man, bombesin exerts an effect on pancreatic secretion that mimics the effect of CCK-PZ, thus confirming the results obtained in the experimental animal. Gastrin does not play a fundamental role in this phenomenon.

Amylases↗
PubMed1975

Effect of subpressor infusions of angiotensin on cardiovascular reactivity in the conscious rat.

Cardiovascular reactivity before and after 30 minutes and 20 hr Angiotensin infusions (40 ng/kg/min) has been studied in 26 male Wistar rats. Control responses to Tyramine (T) (0.05, 0.1 MG). Angiotensin (A) 10, 40, 160 ng), Norepinephrine (NE)(25, 100, 400 ng) and Renin (R)(0.05 G.U.) were obtained in the conscious animals with chronic cannulas in the aorta and jugular vein. Pressor responses to the same vasoactive agents were obtained immediately after A infusions. Similar 5% dextrose infusions were performed as controls. Results showed that pressor responses to T and A were significantly increased after 30 minutes A infusion and even more after 20 h infusion. Pressor responses to NE increase significantly only at the intermediate dose (100 ng) after 20 hr infusion. Response to R was potentiated by A infusion after 30 minutes and 20 hr. Dextrose infusions did not produce any significant changes in pressor responses.

Angiotensin II↗