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Biomedical subjects

N Baba

Publications and source records attributed to N Baba.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Kimura's disease--immunohistochemistry using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies].

We report a case of Kimura's disease of the external ear occurring in a 30-year-old woman. Subcutaneous masses removed from auricular lesions showed histologic features of Kimura's disease including many lymphoid follicles in the dermis, around which marked infiltrations of tissue eosinophils and mast cells, fibrosis, and vascular proliferation were seen. Immunohistochemical study by peroxidase-anti-peroxidase complex method showed IgE deposition in the lymph follicles. Infiltrating cells of extrafollicular lesions were also shown to include many mast cells which were IgE-positive in cell membranes and Giemsa-positive on cytoplasmic granules. In addition, we tried to examine the distribution of IgE Fc receptor (Fc epsilon R) by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method with specifically reacting monoclonal antibody to Fc epsilon R (H107). In the germinal centers of the lymph follicles, Fc epsilon R distributed with a lacynetwork pattern. The staining pattern of dendritic reticulum cells (DAKO-DRC) was similar to that of H107. These findings indicate that Fc epsilon R on follicular dendritic cells have a close relationship to the IgE immune response and also play an important role in the pathogenesis of Kimura's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[T-cell lymphoma of the skin--clinicopathological relationships, therapy and survival].

We investigated the pretreatment characteristics and prognosis of T-cell lymphomas, including mycosis fungoides (MF), T-cell lymphoma of the skin other than MF (CTL), adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (IBL)-like T-cell lymphoma and angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia (AILD), as well as B-cell lymphoma of the skin (CBL) and analyzed the prognostic factors for skin T-cell lymphoma when the skin was the organ initially or predoienantly involved. Twenty-eight cases of erythematous-stage MF, ten cases of plaque-stage MF, eleven cases of tumor-stage MF, twelve cases of ATL, eleven cases of IBL-like T-cell lymphoma/AILD, and eight cases of CBL were studied. CTCL patients were treated by photochemotherapy with topical 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) followed by VUA irradiation, electron-beam irradiation, or systemic chemotherapy. Complete remission (CR) was obtained with all of these therapies. However induction of CR was not a major prognostic factor in skin T-cell lymphoma, and the clinical stage was more valuable in this respect. No cases of death occurred among erythematous-stage MF patients, but eight out of 11 patients with tumor-stage MF died (mean survival rate, 38 months). The prognosis for tumor-stage MF was better than that of ATL (19 months) or IBL-like T cell lymphoma/AILD (28 months), but worse than those of erythematous-a plaque-stage MF. TNM staging of CTCL was also a useful factor for prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical stress and immunosuppression in cancer patients].

The immunosuppression caused by surgical stress in cancer therapy may affect the prognosis of patients by enhancing the residual tumors. An investigation of changes of lymphocyte subsets and suppressor cell activity during the postoperative course was performed for the analysis of the immunosuppression caused by the surgical stress in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. In patients undergoing the surgical stress of total gastrectomy or esophageal resection, CD4+2H4- (helper T) and CD8+CD11-(cytotoxic T) cells significantly depressed on day 1 after operation and remained until day 7. In these patients, CD4+2H4+ (suppressor inducer T) cells significantly increased from just after the operation, remained to increase until day 1 after operation and recovered to the preoperative level thereafter. Concanavalin A-induced suppressor cell activity peaked on day 4 and decreased thereafter. However, in patients with benign disease, decreases of helper and cytotoxic T cells were found to a slight degree. The population of lymphocytes with surface receptors for a soluble suppressor factor significantly increased on day 1 after operation in patients receiving esophageal resection and continued to increase until day 30. In patients with preoperative treatment of PSK and cyclophosphamide, the decreases in helper and cytotoxic T cells and the increase in suppressor inducer T cells were significantly blocked during the postoperative course. Thus, these results indicate that extensive surgical stress such as total gastrectomy and esophageal resection may be attributable to the immunosuppression produced by the induction of suppressor cells, and the necessity of pre- and post- operative immunotherapies may be indicated for a better prognosis.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical efficacy of intratumoral administration of BRM in advanced cancer and their mechanism of actions].

The clinical efficacy of intratumoral (IT) administration of BRM in 157 patients with unresectable or recurrent tumors was investigated, and the infiltration of lymphocyte subsets into tumor tissues after IT administration of BRM was immunohistologically examined, to analyse its action mechanism. BRMs used in this study were OK-432, tumor necrosing factor (TNF), whole peptide glucagon (WPG), interferon (IFN)-alpha, IFN-beta, IFN-gamma and interleukin-2 (IL-2). Among them, one hundred thirty-one patients were evaluable for clinical effects, and the therapeutic response rate (CR + PR) was determined in 11/131 (8.4%). Higher therapeutic responses were found in the patients with esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer and breast cancer, respectively. As for the relationship between the clinical efficacy of IT administration of BRM and the injected sites, the injection into metastatic lesions was more effective than that into the primary or local recurrence. A increase of lymphocyte infiltration after IT BRM immunotherapy and a variety of lymphocyte subsets in tumor tissue injected with any BRMs were found immunohistologically. These results suggest that IT BRM immunotherapy may be effective for the control of tumor growth locally through host-mediated action.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1988

Ultrastructural analysis of neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease using computerized digital processing.

The ultrastructure of neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease was analyzed by computerized digital processing of electron micrographs. Processing of the electron micrographs consists of four steps: digitizing the electron micrograph, Fourier transformation, noise filtering and inverse Fourier transformation and Laplacian operation. In the present study, we have confirmed that neurofibrillary tangles are composed of a pair of helical filaments (PHF), which appear characteristically as an unbranched rigid structure. The periodicity of PHF is 78 nm on the diffractogram. The dimensions of PHF obtained by our analysis, although basically similar to those described earlier by other investigators using conventional techniques, more precisely defines its structural conformation. We have also demonstrated that the spatial relationship of two filaments appears symmetrical after two-way tilting of the specimen about the axis of rotation. Our observations emphasize the importance of digital image processing as an effective tool for structural analytical research in biology and medicine.

Actin Cytoskeleton↗
PubMed1988

The regulation of natural killer cell activity by splenic nonspecific suppressor cells and its modification in cancer patients.

Spleen cells (SC), splenic venous blood lymphocytes (SVL) and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from gastric and esophageal cancer patients were simultaneously tested for natural killer (NK) and nonspecific suppressor (Ts) cell activities. Furthermore, the influence of Ts activity on the augmentation of NK activity by a biological response modifier (BRM) was also investigated. Positive Ts activities were frequently detected in the SC, SVL and PBL of advanced cancer patients. The NK activities of SC and SVL were maintained even in advanced cancer patients, though significantly depressed NK activities were observed in the PBL of advanced cases. Cancer patient SC, SVL and PBL with positive Ts activity showed low NK activities. Moreover, the NK activities of SVL and PBL were low in the patients with positive Ts activity in SC. The NK activity of normal control PBL was strongly augmented by interleukin 2, interferon and OK-432. These BRMs exhibited comparable capacities to augment the NK activities of SC, SVL and PBL with negative Ts activity in cancer patients, however, the effects of these agents seemed to be low in cells with a positive Ts activity. These results suggested that NK activity might be regulated by nonspecific suppressor cells and the presence of suppressor cells might affect the augmentation of NK activity through BRM in circulating blood lymphocytes and also in spleen cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The clinical efficacy of intratumoral OK-432 administration in advanced cancer patients.

The clinical efficacy of intratumoral (IT) OK-432 immunotherapy in advanced cancer patients was investigated. Furthermore, the infiltration of lymphocyte subsets into the tumor tissues after the IT administration of OK-432 was also immunohistologically examined in order to analyze the mechanism of action of OK-432 immunotherapy. Forty-four patients with advanced cancer were treated with IT OK-432 immunotherapy. Ten KE (1 mg) of OK-432 was given either daily or on every second day and repeated as often as possible, the mean frequency of OK-432 injections being 18.1 +/- 14.5 times, ranging between 5 and 25 administrations. Thirty-one of the 44 patients were evaluable, 3 of whom (9.7 per cent) developed a partial response and 5 (16.1 per cent) a minor response. Intratumoral OK-432 immunotherapy, however, did not necessarily prolong the survival time. Leu 1, 3 and 7 reactive cells infiltrated into the tumor tissues treated by OK-432 injection, more frequently, when compared with cells which had been treated by recombinant TNF injection. Thus, it was suggested that IT OK-432 immunotherapy might be effective for the local control of tumor growth through the host mediated action, and that, in combination with systemic therapy, may enhance the clinical effects and prolong the survival time in advanced cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A case of cutaneous T cell lymphoma treated with recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2).

We report a case of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) treated with local injection of recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2). The biopsy specimen showed marked infiltration of large convoluted cells admixed with small lymphocytes and histiocytes in the epidermis, dermis and subcutis. After six injections of rIL-2, 4 nodules out of 5 on the left lower leg disappeared and the remaining large nodule was diminished in size. A biopsy specimen from the diminished nodule showed infiltration of small lymphocytes with histiocytes and plasma cells in the dermis. The atypical cells, large hyperconvoluted lymphocytes, had disappeared. A large number (28%) of lysozyme- and alpha 1-anti-chymotrypsin-positive cells were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. The patient maintained complete remission for a period of 13 months. He then noticed a small red nodule on the back of the left foot, which was histologically confirmed as a recurrence. Chemotherapy cleared the lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Role of the spleen in immunosuppression of gastric cancer: predominance of suppressor precursor and suppressor inducer T cells in the recirculating spleen cells.

In order to analyse the role of the spleen on immunosuppression of gastric cancer, T cell phenotypes in the spleen cells (SC) were investigated by two colour fluorescence flow cytometry, with reference to their suppressor cell activity. Suppressor T cell phenotypes of CD4+2H4+ cells (suppressor/inducer T cells) and CD8+CD11+ (suppressor T cells) were distributed predominantly in SCs from patients with gastric cancer, while they were distributed scarcely in those with liver cirrhosis. Moreover, CD4+2H4+ cells and CD8+CD11+ cells were found predominantly in SCs and splenic vein lymphocytes (SVL) respectively. Among SCs, a significantly higher proportion of CD4+2H4+ cells was found in the recirculating SCs, but fewer were found in the residual SCs. Higher activity of Concanavalin-A induced suppressor cells was found in the former and that of spontaneously activated suppressor cells was found in the latter. These results suggest the suppressor precursor and suppressor/inducer T cells might distribute predominantly in the cells recirculating from the spleen, and that suppressor cells might be matured during the migration from the spleen.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Three-dimensional reconstruction from serial section images by computer graphics.

A method is described which allows a three-dimensional object to be reconstructed from micrographs of serial sections using computer graphic techniques. The reconstructed object, which can be rotated three-dimensionally, is displayed on a color CRT and the surface of the object is shaded in order that it can be observed to provide an illusion of a three-dimensional structure. Using biological samples, some useful representation methods are demonstrated, which are a transparent display, smoothing of a reconstructed surface, cuts through a reconstructed model and a three-dimensional distribution representation of particles, and so forth. Furthermore, an example measuring the volume and surface area of reconstructed objects is shown.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Diurnal profile of gastrointestinal hormones following pancreatectomy].

A long-term follow-up study revealed that diabetes, diarrhea and dumping syndrome were the major complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy. The PABA recovery rate in PFD test was markedly decreased in patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy, suggesting that impaired exocrine pancreatic function is the main cause of the complications. A 24-hour profile of pancreatic juice secretion more than 1.5 months after operation, showed that pancreatic juice was rich in protein and amylase, and secretion was increased following a meal and early in the morning. Gastrin, CCK and VIP were not detected during these periods; however, secretin and motilin were increased. These results suggest that pancreatic exocrine function recovered in patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy and secretin and motilin played an important role in the regulation of these functions.

Circadian Rhythm↗
PubMed1988

[Pseudocoarctation of the aorta associated with aortic arch aneurysm--a case report].

A twenty-nine-year old female was diagnosed as the associated aortic arch aneurysm 14 years after the initial diagnosis of the pseudocoarctation of the aorta. The aneurysm was asymptomatic and aortogram revealed that it was located just proximal to the pseudocoarctation. The aneurysmal wall was so thin that intraluminal blood stream could be visible easily during operation. Aneurysmectomy and Dacron graft implantation was successfully performed with temporary bypass procedure. In most of the cases, pseudocoarctation of the aorta has been reported to be a congenital entity without indication for any surgical intervention. However some cases in the literature were combined with formation of the aneurysm during the long term follow-up period. Careful observation must be needed for a case of pseudocoarctation of the aorta and the associated aneurysm should be treated surgically even if asymptomatic.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Role of brown adipose tissue in thermogenesis induced by overfeeding a diet containing medium chain triglyceride.

The role of brown adipose tissue in the mechanism of medium chain triglyceride (MCT)-induced thermogenesis was investigated. Under anesthesia, the interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) was excised in male Sprague-Dawley rats, and the animals were fitted with gastrostomy tubes. After a 10-day recovery period, the animals were divided into two groups: one group received a diet containing MCT as 50% of calories, and the other group received an isocaloric diet containing long chain triglyceride (LCT). The diets were fed for 6 wk at a level of calorie intake that was 150% of the ad libitum intake of a parallel control group. During the last week of the study, resting and norepinephrine (NE)-stimulated O2 consumption and CO2 production were measured in a Noyons diaferometer. At the end of 6 wk, the animals were weighed and killed. The individual fat pads were dissected and weighed, and an aliquot of the right retroperitoneal fat pad was used to measure adipocyte size and number. The results showed that body weight and adipocyte size (but not adipocyte number) were significantly smaller in the MCT-fed compared to the LCT-fed animals. Resting as well as maximal NE-stimulated oxygen consumption values were significantly higher in the MCT-fed than the LCT-fed rats. It is concluded that the enhanced thermogenesis induced by MCT persists despite the absence of IBAT and that the phenomenon is likely related to more extensive oxidation of MCT- in contrast to LCT-derived fatty acids, thus leading to increased oxygen consumption, enhanced dissipation of energy as heat and diminished efficiency of weight gain and deposition of body fat.

Adipose Tissue, Brown↗