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Biomedical subjects

N Amino

Publications and source records attributed to N Amino.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Changes of serum anti-thyroid antibodies during and after pregnancy in autoimmune thyroid diseases.

Changes of serum anti-thyroglobulin haemagglutination antibodies (TGHA) and anti-thyroid microsomal haemagglutination antibodies (MCHA) were observed during pregnancy and after delivery in Graves' disease and autoimmune thyroiditis. Both TGHA and MCHA decreased as pregnancy progressed, and sometimes they became negative in late pregnancy. Transient increases of TGHA and MCHA were observed after delivery and the antibody titres reached peaks about 3-4 months post-partum in more than halft the patients. In some patients, antibodies developed after delivery. Similar transient increases of antibodies were observed after spontaneous and therapeutic abortion. These changes seem to be induced by physiological and immunological changes occurring during pregnancy and after delivery.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1978

Changes of serum immunoglobulins IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE during pregnancy.

The serum levels of immunoglobulins at various times throughout pregnancy were measured in 11 healthy women. The concentrations of IgG, IgA, and IgM decreased significantly in the second and third trimesters, the mean decreases at the second trimester being 18, 13, and 9%, respectively. When the decreases were expressed on the basis of serum total protein, the decreases in IgG and IgA were significant but the decrease in IgM was not. The level of IgE either decreased or increased during pregnancy. Maternal age, emesis, ABO-incompatibility, and the sex and weight of the baby at birth were not related to the initial concentration or to the extent of decrease of immunoglobulins during pregnancy. In a case of Rh incompatibility, increase of immunoglobulins was observed concomitantly with the transient appearance of anti-Rh(D) antibody. Immunoglobulin depletion in pregnancy seems to result from both immune suppression and hemodilution.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Transient recurrence of hyperthyroidism after delivery in Graves' disease.

Four patients with Graves' disease whose hyperthyroidism was in remission following antithyroid therapy were studied without any treatment during and after pregnancy. In the 8-9th month of pregnancy, they were in a euthyroid state with serum levels of thyroxine (T4) of 18.9, 11.9, 11.2 and 14.5 mug/100 ml, triiodothyronine (T3) of 273, 190, 162 and 244 ng/100 ml and T3 resin sponge uptake (RT3U) of 22, 14, 19 and 16% respectively (normal pregnant range: T4, 7.0-15.0, T3 140-250, RT3U 15-25). At 1-3 months after delivery, hyperthyroidism recurred, as manifested by T4 levels of 17.2, 14.5, 16.7 and 21.7 mug/100 ml, T3 levels of 320, 225, 390 and 464 ng/100 ml and RT3U levels of 34, 34, 43, and 41% respectively (normal non-pregnant range: T4 5.0-12.0, T3 90-190, RT3U 24-37). The recurrence of hyperthyroidism was also demonstrated by serial measurements of serum free T4 and free T3. The thyroid function of all four patients returned spontaneously to the normal range at 4-6 months after delivery. One patient developed hypothyroidism for a short period before regaining the euthyroid state. The titers of serum anti-thyroid microsomal antibodies and levels of serum immunoglobulins decreased during pregnancy and increased transitorily at the time of hyperthyroidism after delivery. Similarly, increases in the levels of thyroid hormones, anti-thyroid antibodies and immunoglobulins were observed transitorily following spontaneous abortion after 4 months' pregnancy in one case. We suggest that the transient recurrence of hyperthyroidism in Graves' disease may be induced by immunological changes after delivery.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Transient postpartum hypothyroidism: fourteen cases with autoimmune thyroiditis.

Twenty-five episodes of postpartum primary hypothyroidism were observed in 23 patients without thyroid hormone treatment: three were cases of irreversible hypothyroidism and the others were of transient hypothyroidism. The characteristics of transient postpartum hypothyroidism deduced by serial observations on 14 patients were [1] a high incidence of previous goiter; [2] thyroid enlargement at 1/2 to 4 months postpartum; [3] hypothyroidism at 3 to 5 months postpartum; [4] spontaneous recovery at 5 to 10 months postpartum; [5] high titers of antithyroid microsomal antibodies; and [6] persistence of small goiter. Transient postpartum hyperthyroidism before the occurrence of hypothyroidism and the recurrence of transient postpartum hypothyroidism were observed during two consecutive postpartum periods in two patients. Transient hypothyroidism was also observed in two patients after abortion. Fourteen of the 23 patients first noticed thyroid abnormality after delivery. These changes seem to be induced during the course of autoimmune thyroiditis by the immunologic changes occurring after delivery.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1976

Abnormal serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme in a case of laryngeal carcinoma and thyrotoxicosis.

An abnormal lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzyme was found in the serum of a patient with laryngeal carcinoma and hyperthyroidism. On electrophoresis it migrated as an additional band between LDH-1 and LDH-2. Follow-up studies suggested that this higher molecular weight, rather thermostable LDH isoenzyme, might have originated from the cancer tissue, though a possible relationship with the thyrotoxic state cannot be excluded.

Drug Stability↗
PubMed1976

Measurement of circulating thyroid microsomal antibodies by the tanned red cell haemagglutination technique: its usefulness in the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid diseases.

Thyroid-microsomal antibodies were quantitated by a new technique utilizing tanned sheep red blood cells coated with human thyroid microsomal antigens. This haemagglutination assay (MCHA) correlated with the immunofluorescent antibody (FAB) but not with the thyroglobulin haemagglutination antibodies (TGHA) assay. Of forty-one patients with Hasmimoto's thyroiditis, thirty-nine (95%) were MCHA but only twenty-four (59%) TGHA positive. Titres were similar for the hypothyroid and euthyroid patients. Patients less than 20 years of age had either negative (50%) or low titre (less than 1:160) TGHA but 100% positive MCHA at titres greater than 1:1280. Of twenty-one patients with Graves' disease eighteen (86%) were MCHA and six (29%) TGHA positive. Of thirty-two patients without thyroid disease eleven (34%) were MCHA and/or TGHA positive. On the basis of family history and associated abnormalities, in eight of eleven, positive antibodies may have been due to subclinical Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Fourteen subjects of a control group (10%) were MCHA positive. Seven of ten examined had goitres. MCHA is a simple and quantitative test, useful in the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid diseases.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1976

Transient hypothyroidism after delivery in autoimmune thyroiditis.

The spontaneous occurrence of, and recovery from primary hypothyroidism were observed after delivery in 6 women with autoimmune thyroiditis. Diffuse goiter was noticed 1-3 months after delivery. The blood thyroid hormone level was found to be lowest at 3-6 months post-partum, with a thyroxine iodine value of 1.0 +/- 0.6 mug/dl (mean +/- SD) (normal 3.0-7.2), triiodithyronine value of 77 +/- 11 ng/dl (normal 90-190) and T3 resin sponge uptake of 21 +/- 2.8% (normal 24-37). During this period the serum level of thyrotropin was increased to 307 +/- 235 muU/ml (normal less than 8) and 131I thyroid uptake in 24 hours was more than 60%. Then 6-9 months after delivery, the enlarged thyroid gland decreased in size, and the values in thyroid function tests returned to the normal range without any treatment. Anti-thyroglobulin antibodies were positive in 3 cases. Anti-thyroid microsomal antibodies were positive in all cases with titers of 1:10(4)-4:10(9), and titers were highest during the period of hypothyroidism and decreased thereafter. We suggest that these transient changes might be induced by pregnancy and delivery during the course of autoimmune thyroiditis.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Immunologic aspects of human thyroid cancer. Humoral and cell-mediated immunity, and a trial of immunotherapy.

Immunologic studies were performed on 16 patients with thyroid cancer. Circulating leukocyte counts increased, parallel to development of the terminal stage of disease, but total lymphocytes decreased. Serum immunoglobulin and complement were high, even though almost all patients showed negative antithyroid antibodies. Delayed skin hypersensitivity to bacterial and viral antigens and lymphocyte responsivity to PHA were not impaired at the initial stage of disease, but were impaired in terminal illness. Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) to tumor antigens(s) was measured using the assays of lymphotoxin, migration inhibition factor, and peripheral leukocyte migration inhibition. A few patients showed significant response to tumor antigen, but not to homogenates of Graves' thyroid gland. Active immunotherapy was applied to three patients. Two patients, who were in the terminal stage of illness, could not develop generalized CMI; immunization did not alter the patients' rapid downhill course. One patient developed in vitro evidence of CMI against cancer tissue antigens, associated with decrease in tumor size. Four months after immunization, CMI was impaired in autologous plasma culture, but not in cultures in allogenic normal plasma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Insoluble particulate antigen(s) in cell-mediated immunity of autoimmune thyroid disease.

Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) in patients with Grave's disease, chronic thyroiditis, and primary hypothyroidism was observed by assay of lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (LMC) and leukocyte migration inhibition (LMC). Lymphocyte responsivity to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) is normal in these disease. In the LMC assay, lymphocytes of patients in each category responded to the antigens of thyroid homogenates, but not purified human thyroglobulin. Cytotoxicity is least in Graves disease and most obvious in primary hypothyroidism. In the LMI assay, patients lymphocytes responded to thyroid microsomal--mitochondrial antigens, but not to thyroid cell sap. Lymphocytes of Graves disease patients also responded to liver microsomal mitochondrial antigens. The particulate antigens lost activity when solubilized by ultrasonication or KCL extraction. There is no correlation between the PHA responsivity of lymphocytes and thyroid function, or between CMI and serum antithyroid antibodies or thyroid size. Treated and untreated patients had similar evidence of CMI. These data indicate that function of thymus-derived lymphocyte in vitro is not disturbed in autommune thyroid disease and that CMI against thyroid antigens can be demonstrated by assay of LMC and LMI. Insoluble particulate antigens appear more important than soluble antigens in CMI. LMC, resumably induced by soluble cytotoxic factor, "lymphotoxin," may play an important role in the progress of the autoimmune thyroid disease to hypothyroidism.

Antigens↗
PubMed1975

Transient hypothyroidism associated with increased anti-microsomal antibodies.

An unusual case of transient hypothyroidism during the course of chronic thyroiditis was reported. A 25 years old female noticed the remarkable enlargement of thyroid gland 3 months after paturition and was developed to be hypothyroidism with decreased blood thyroid hormone and increased serum TSH. The patient recovered to be euthyroid spontaneously in association with the decrement of goiter size. Anti-thyroid microsomal antibody increased concomitantly with hypothyroid period and decreased parallel with the recovery of thyroid function. The ratio of TSH potency estimated by bioassay to that by immunoassay changed during the course. Possible etiologic factors of this transient changes were discussed.

Adult↗