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Biomedical subjects

N A Sovetova

Publications and source records attributed to N A Sovetova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Current radiotherapy for extrapulmonary tuberculosis].

Radiation studies are prominent in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. X-ray study preserves its basic value. Its-based concepts of the pathology of osteoarticular, urogenital, lymphabdominal tuberculosis largely allow for analyzing the images obtained by new medical visualization techniques, such as X-ray tomography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography, and radionuclide studies. Each method has its merits and demerits and is used by a certain algorithm at different sites of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

[Clinical classification of extrapulmonary tuberculosis].

The authors propose a clinical classification of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, which is based on the standard reporting signs. They give the definitions of classification criteria established in any locations of tuberculous infection: etiology (tuberculosis, BCG infection, tuberculoallergic lesions), the extent and activity of a process with regard to clinical and morphological stages; bacterial isolation with consideration of the drug resistance of Mycobacteria; the nature of complications and sequels, etc. The characterization of local lesion includes the determination of organ-dependent clinical forms of tuberculosis; the type and form of complication; residual and sequels.

Guidelines as Topic↗
PubMed2003

[Osseous-perichondral autoplasty in surgery for tuberculosis of the joints].

The results of 68 reconstruction surgeries made in the hip and knee joints in tuberculosis and concomitant diseases were studied. Advantages of operations involving the component plasty of joint ends (osseous autoplasty, as well as auto-perichondral plasty and their variations), including under the conditions of revascularization of the osseous bed, were proven on the basis of the results of a comparative analysis of clinical-and-functional data and X-ray examinations. The use of the method ensuring additional sources for vascularizing the joint tissues improves the conditions of autograft assimilation; the application of perichondral grafting preserves or expands the joint split, which provides an increased mobility amplitude in a damaged joint. The use of perichondral plasty and of its combination with revascularization of the joint osseous joint tissues secured more favorable results as compared to the implementation of osseous-plasty interventions alone.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Computed tomography in the diagnosis of tuberculous spondylitis complicated by neurological disorders].

Computed tomographic data were studied in 50 patients with evolutional forms of tuberculous spondylitis and 3 patients with its sequels. 95% of the patients were operated on. Cross sections displayed 3 variants of vertebral body destruction in tuberculous spondylitis. The vertebral canal was evaluated in 28 patients with neurological disorders and in 22 patients without them. Epidural abscess was revealed in all the patients with neurological disorders and in 12 patients without them. There was a relationship of the severity of neurological disorders as classified by Frankel et al. to the degree of stenosis of the vertebral canal, to the presence of its reserve space, and to the extent of vertebral and spinal lesion. The informative value of computed tomography in detecting spinal cord compression was 98.1 +/- 1.8%.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Ultrasound diagnosis of retroperitoneal abscesses in spinal tuberculosis].

Sixty four patients were examined to elucidate the capacities and accuracy of ultrasonography (USG) in the diagnosis of retroperitoneal abscesses by ultrasound and X-ray studies. They were all operated on. Retroperitoneal abscesses were detected in patients (58 observations). X-ray retroperitoneal abscesses aroused doubts in 23% of cases. Ultrasonographic evidence was erroneous in 4.9% of cases. USG may reveal accumulation or absence of liquid pus, define the extent and number of chambers of retroperitoneal abscesses, which is helpful in answering questions as what surgical access should be chosen and what scope of a surgical intervention made. The safety and cost-effectiveness of the procedure allows a follow-up to be made.

Abscess↗
PubMed2001

[Clinical and radiographic manifestations of tuberculous spondylitis in adults].

Data on 348 adult patients with tuberculous spondylitis treated in 1994-1999 are analyzed. The radiation manifestations of spondylitis first occurring in maturity, which amount to 82.3% in the clinical setting were studied in 112 patients. In 50% of cases, spondylitis was a manifestation of multiorgan tuberculosis. The proportion of those with onset in youth increased (27.9). Isolated lesions of the corpus vertebrae were more frequently detected. The processes involving 2 vertebrae were predominant (61.2%), but complicated by foci at new levels. There was a drastic increase in the proportion of disseminated and multi-levelled spondylitis involving 3-9 vertebrae (36.9%). The exudative component of the inflammation was much pronounced, abscesses were extensive in all forms of spondylitis. Spinal cord deficit was noted in 68% of cases of thoracic and cervical spondylitis. MRI should be used for early diagnosis and determination of the extent of a process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Magnetic resonance imaging in the complex radiation diagnosis of tuberculous spondylitis in adults].

The paper analyzes X-ray study and MR imaging of 36 adult patients with tuberculosis spondylosis having an active process developed in maturity (n = 20) and sequelae of childhood spondylitis (n = 16). X-ray study is shown to retain its basic value in the diagnosis of spondylitis. MRI is the optimum technique for early diagnosis of inflammatory changes in the spine and soft tissues, the method of choice in neurological disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Efficiency of plastic surgery for osteoarticular tuberculosis by using revascularization of osseous tissue bed and graft].

The paper provides the results of using original procedures for revascularization of the osseous bed and free bony grafts by transplanting osteovascular complexes in patients with tuberculosis of the hip joint and spine. A total of 20 patients with tuberculous coxitis and 14 with spondylitis were operated on. These interventions were found to have advantages over plastic surgery with bony grafts and mobilizing operations without plasty in similar skeletal lesions, appeared as a great scope of movements in the operated joints is achieved, less time for grafts to adhere with the bed and bony block of vertebrae, and enhanced accumulation of a radioopaque agent in the area to be replaced.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Experimental rationale and clinical evaluation of perichondroplasty used in surgery for tuberculosis and nonspecific joint diseases].

Experiments on 77 rabbits studied the specific features of chondrogenesis during different grafting modifications for the perichondrium. The latter was found to have a high chondroplastic potential. The factors predisposing to cartilaginification and inhibiting this process were identified. Experimental positive results of perichondrial arthroplasty, in tuberculous arthritis as well, were achieved. By taking into account the experimental data, original methods for reparative operations used in patients with tuberculosis and nonspecific diseases of the joints were developed in the clinical setting. Their use in 12 patients yielded positive results, suggesting that the above methods are promising and their further study is advisable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Radiologic signs of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in adults and their pathomorphologic substrate].

The examination of 284 patients with aseptic necrosis of the head of the femoral bone (ANHFB) has revealed that tuberculosis coxitis in adults erroneously diagnosed in 74.6%. Four X-ray stages of ANHFB which meet the requirements of diagnosis, differentiation, surgical treatment have been identified. The average periods of their development have been defined. A pathomorphological substrate of X-ray film and variants of the disease course are described in the paper. It is stated that to make a X-ray diagnosis of ANHRB should include indications of a process stage, which facilitates its correct diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Biochemical criteria of the activity of osteoarticular tuberculosis].

A correlation between the informativeness of the proteinogram, blood ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin levels and connective tissue metabolism indices used to characterize the inflammatory process activity was performed in 55 patients with different stages of tuberculosis of bones and joints. Among the acute phase proteins examined, the most sensitive indices include ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin found in their combination. A higher urinary oxyproline and glycosaminoglycan excretion in different forms of osteoarticular tuberculosis (both of an inflammatory and a degenerative type) should not be interpreted as an indication of activity of the specific process.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Roentgenological manifestations of metatuberculous coxarthrosis in adults].

The author has studied the clinical and roentgenologic findings of 68 patients (33 males and 35 females) aged 19 to 60 who had tuberculosis of the hip joint or of the greater trochanter and were cured by conservative means or with palliative and late surgical interventions. The disturbances in the trophics and in the formation of the joint acquired during the process of inflammation as well as the anatomic losses of destructive character became the basis for the development of metatuberculous coxarthroses at stages II and III in these patients, which occurred under the influence of statodynamic loads in pathologic conditions. The roentgenologic picture of metatuberculous coxarthroses is polymorphic; it depends to a certain extent on the age of the beginning of the tuberculous process and is accompanied by pronounced productive reactions of the bone tissue. In essence it corresponds to the manifestations of coxarthroses of other origins, but it also has some peculiarities consisting mainly in the presence of traces of trophic changes in the bone tissue and in the residual signs of the destruction that had taken place which are characteristic of tuberculosis of bones and joints.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Indicators of intraosseous pressure and venospondylography in the diagnosis of inflammatory diseases of the spine].

The measuring of the intraosseous pressure and venospondilography were included into the complex of examination of 82 patients in order to increase the efficiency of diagnostics and differentiation of osteomyelitis and tuberculosis of the vertebral column. The methods used considerably increased the reliability of diagnosis of these inflammatory diseases of the vertebral column.

Adolescent↗