Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to N A Rabukhina.
The possibilities of modern X-ray procedures at different stages of dental implantation planning and consequent postoperative control were presented depending upon real clinical situation.
The possibilities of the use of carbon implants in cases of any defects of any part of facial skeleton and soft tissues of both inherent and acquired nature were studied. Taking into account X-ray transparency of carbon implants the experiment was carried out to make the material X-ray contrast when using the addition of powdered metallic boron in the range of concentrations 8-12%. It was successful and the samples were visualized. In these cases spiral computed tomography is the optimal tool to make all deformation volume clear, to plan operative interventions and to observe the treatment results.
Questions of diagnostics and treatment of odontogenic cysts with contiguous invasion of sinuses are discussed. It was shown that the use of computer tomography increased considerably its diagnostic value in determination of size and localization of the cyst, its relationship with sinus membranes. It helps to plan the operation correctly and prevents complications. The results of clinical-roentgenological examination and treatment of 10 patients with odontogenic cysts with contiguous invasion of sinuses are offered.
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A rare case with osteochondroma located near the condylar process of the mandible is described. Surgical treatment was carried out (removal of the formation through the periauricular approach). Orthopedic treatment was carried out during the postoperative period. The proportions of the facial skull, occlusion, and articulation were completely restored.
The results of treatment are compared in three groups of patients treated by various methods of osteosynthesis. In group 1 (n = 203) osteosynthesis was carried out using wire suture. In group 2 (n = 231) titanic miniplates and screws were used. In group 3 (n = 21) combined methods were used (simultaneous fixation by wire sutures and titanium miniplates). Indications to the use of different osteosynthesis methods are defined, errors and complications in osteosynthesis in the upper and middle zones of the face are analyzed.
A method for simultaneous surgical treatment of various types of injuries of bone and soft-tissue structures of the zygomatico-naso-orbital area is presented. Special attention is paid to repair of posttraumatic eno- and hypophthalmos. A total of 42 patients were operated on by the proposed methods at Central Institute of Dentistry in 1998-2002. The injuries were diagnosed using computer-aided tomography of the facial skeleton. Bone tissue defects were repaired by free bone autotransplants of the parietal bone, ileac bone crest, tibial bone, autotransplants of the rib and auricular cartilage. Coronary, oral, subciliary accesses are recommended; endonasal access can be used if necessary. The complex approach presented in this report is recommended for repair of posttraumatic deformations and defects and for the treatment of fresh injuries of this location.
Results of using different types of endoprostheses for repair of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) are discussed. The main advantages and drawbacks of the method of endoprosthetic treatment of the mandibular condylar process, detected during the immediate and remote postoperative periods, are described. The biomechanics of mandibular movements in prostheses of the joint is presented. Results of using complete endoprosthesis of the TMJ, designed with consideration for mandibular movements biomechanics and experience gained in the use of various types of the joint endoprostheses are presented.
Immediate and late results of reconstruction of the temporomandibular joint with endoprostheses of the condylar processes are analyzed. Types of condylar process endoprostheses are described. The most characteristic complications of the immediate and late postoperative periods are described.
Methods of reconstructive maxillofacial operations bringing about the best functional and esthetic results are analyzed. Surgical methods for repair of maxillofacial bone defects and deformations with the use of transplants and different methods of their fixation depending on the tissues at the site of defect (deformation) in patients with acquired and congenital abnormalities of the facial skull have been developed and are used at Central Institute of Dentistry. Osteosynthesis using titanium constructions and compression-distraction devices is acknowledged as an effective method of bone repair operations on the face. It notably reduces the duration of operation and prevents the relapse of the deformation. Analysis was carried out on extensive clinical data (more than 1000 patients), which allowed an objective evaluation of remote results of plastic repair of bones and helped define the indications and contraindications for such operations.
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This paper deals with some aspects of using radiographic methods in dental implantology. Analysis of the published data and their own findings have brought the authors to the conclusion that the most widely used method involved is a panoramic technique; however, CT scan is required in some cases demanding accurate measurements; which, at the stage of preoperative planning, enables us to specify surgical indications and choose the optimal form of implants.
Analysis of panoramic radiographs taken from 60 patients with rapidly progressive (RPP) and 40 patients with typical moderate-severe periodontitis (TP) revealed anatomical peculiarities. Measurement of tooth proportions showed high prevalence of morals with short narrow and short distant roots in patients with RPP as compared with TP. Also in patients with RPP the mesial surface of the first morals was involved more often than the distal one, furcations were involved particularly in molars with descent short roots. Investigation of anatomical peculiarities can be used to explain atypical forms of periodontal diseases.
Regeneration processes in periapical tissues were followed up after bone defect repair with hydroxyapatite-based osteoplastic preparations. The terms of regeneration depended on the size of bone defect. The data were evaluated by densitometry.
Intraoral supraosseous compression-distraction devices (CDA) have been used for repair of mandibular underdevelopment and defects of different etiology at Central Institute of Stomatology since 1997. The distraction regenerates have been examined by ultrasonography, roentgenography, and echo-osteometry. These methods allow timely correction of the course of distraction and rule out formation of wrong hypotrophic distraction regenerates.
A rare case with aneurysmatic cyst located near the condylar process is described. The treatment consisted in curettage of the formation and filling of the cavity in the condylar process. The operation was performed through the mouth.
The temporomandibular joint has been examined in patients with combined deformations of the jaws (upper micro- or retrognathia and lower macro- or prognathism) before and after surgical treatment of the maxilla and mandible. Analysis of changes in the temporomandibular joint at all stages of medical rehabilitation showed that structural changes develop only in 8% patients only after planar osteotomy of the mandible through external or oral approach.
X-ray changes in the skull bones of children and adolescents with the first-second branchial arches syndrome are analyzed. Roentgenograms and sonograms of various parts of the skull of 66 patients are analyzed. The syndrome involves underdevelopment of half of the mandible and the condylar process and changes in the bones of the median zone of the face, temporal bone, base of the skull, and nasal cavity. The patients were divided into 3 groups with different degrees of mandibular deformations, requiring different treatment strategies.