Biomedical subjects

Motohiro Hirao

Publications and source records attributed to Motohiro Hirao.

21 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Feasibility study of S-1 for resectable gastric cancer with peritoneal seeding.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Despite improvements in chemotherapy and surgical techniques, the prognosis in advanced gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination still remains very poor. At present, no standard method of treatment has been established for these patients. Therefore, we assessed the feasibility of S-1, a novel oral derivative of 5-fluorouracil, as a postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for these patients. METHODOLOGY: Seven patients were enrolled for 1 year. All patients underwent macroscopically curative resection (R1) by an aggressive cytoreductive surgery. S-1 was given orally at a dose of 80 mg/m2/day, for 28 consecutive days followed by a 14-day rest, repeated every 6 weeks. RESULTS: S-1 was administered for 1 year in 3 out of 7 patients, while the treatment was discontinued in 4 patients due to disease progression. The median S-1 1 cycle given was 5. Grade 2 leukopenia was observed in 3 patients and grade 2 elevation of total bilirubin in one patient. All other adverse reactions were grade 1. The median overall survival was > 696 days with a 1-year survival rate of 85.7%. The median overall progression-free survival was 213 days. CONCLUSIONS: S-1 is feasible as a postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for resectable gastric cancer with peritoneal seeding.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Delayed gastric emptying after distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Gastric surgery may potentiate delayed gastric emptying. The aims of the study were to determine the frequency and causes of delayed gastric emptying in patients who had undergone distal gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma and to assess which factors predispose to its development. METHODOLOGY: 209 patients, who had undergone gastrectomy, were evaluated. RESULTS: Delayed gastric emptying occurred in 4.3% of patients receiving a Billroth-I, and 15.5% of patients receiving a Roux-Y reconstruction (p = 0.01). The patients who had these consecutive symptoms following Roux-Y operation were all clinically diagnosed as having Roux stasis syndrome. The delayed gastric emptying after Roux-Y operation was more frequent in patients receiving extensive lymph node dissection than those receiving conventional dissection (p<0.05). The symptoms spontaneously subsided, and postoperative body weight loss was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the strong association between delayed gastric emptying and the Roux-Y procedure, it enables a relatively early return to oral intake.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the colon and rectum: report of eight cases and review of 154 Japanese cases.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Primary signet-ring cell colorectal carcinoma is rare and has been reported to have an extremely poor prognosis. The purpose of the present study was to define the characteristics of this cancer. METHODOLOGY: Clinicopathological features were analyzed in 154 Japanese patients. RESULTS: The mean age at diagnosis was 54.3 years. The most common tumor site was the rectum (32.9%). Frequent type of the tumor was scirrhous in 45.8%, ulcerated in 34.5%. Lymph node metastasis was found in 77.4% and synchronous peritoneal dissemination was seen in 38.7%, while synchronous liver metastasis was only detected in 2.9%. Most patients (78.2%) were in stages III or IV. The overall median survival time was 12.7 months and the 5-year survival rate was 9.4%. For stage II patients, the median survival time and 5-year survival rate were 17.4 months and 14.3%, respectively, while the median survival time was 15.4 months in stage III and 7.9 months in stage IV. The 5-year survival rate of patients with T2 disease was 75.0%, while patients with T3 or T4 had survival rates of 5.1% and 0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Since the prognosis of primary signet-ring cell colorectal carcinoma is extremely poor, early diagnosis and aggressive treatment strategy are necessary.

Aged↗