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Mitsuru Mori

Publications and source records attributed to Mitsuru Mori.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Survey for incidence of cancer as a measure of outcome in the JACC study.

BACKGROUND: As endpoint of cohort studies on cancer, the incidence, rather than the mortality is preferable. Of 45 areas in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study), surveys for incidence of cancer were conducted in 24. METHODS: The proportion of the study subjects aged 40 to 79 years in areas of survey for the incidence of cancer (65,184 persons) was 58.2% of the total subjects of the JACC Study (110,792 persons). Among the 24 areas of survey for the incidence of cancer (ASI), 10 areas were combined because of similarity. Then, we present the incidence rate of cancer among 15 ASI unified from the 24 ASI by gender according to area. We also report the completeness of the survey for cancer incidence presenting the mortality-incidence ratio (MI ratio) among the ASI. RESULTS: Where a population-based cancer registry was utilized, the MI ratio deviated from 0.31 to 0.61 in the male subjects and from 0.15 to 0.53 in the female subjects. However, where a population-based cancer registry was not used, the MI ratio deviated from 0.25 to 0.72 in the male subjects and from 0.13 to 0.79 in the female subjects, and there was an area where the MI ratio exceeded 0.70 in both of the male and female subjects. CONCLUSION: Establishment of population-based cancer registries is strongly desired throughout Japan to assess risk factors of cancer development for primary prevention of cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Risk factors for heavy burden among family caregivers in a rural town in Hokkaido].

OBJECTIVE: The present study was conducted in order to investigate risk factors for heavy burden of family caregivers. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: 51 pairs of the frail elderly and their family caregivers in one town in Hokkaido. RESULTS: Compared to those with a lighter burden, family caregivers with heavier burden looked after the frail elderly with more behavior disturbances due to dementia. They cared for the elderly longer and had less time to go out without accompanying their charges than less burdened caregivers. On the other hand, the elderly had similar activities of daily living and degree of need of care between the two groups. In addition, physical caring time did not differ between the two groups. These findings suggest that the psychological burden may be more important than the physical burden. In addition, caregivers used only 30-40% of services they had the right to use with long-term care insurance. These findings suggest that more convenient services for users should be provided.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

[Burden among caregivers of the frail elderly and its correlation with the introduction of a long-term care insurance system for the elderly in fourth year].

The present study was conducted in October 2003 to investigate the factors related to psychological stress and the heavy burden of caregivers taking care of frail elderly persons in the northern part of the Onga district, Fukuoka Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan. A total of 40 caregivers were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire involving the Japanese version of the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (J-ZBI) and thus described their own caregiving situation. J-ZBI research had been done on a yearly basis for the previous 5 years and the results of each investigation regarding Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and incidence of depression, ADL and dementia were compared prior to and after initiation of public long term care insurance for the elderly (LTCI). Compared to caregivers with a middle or light burden, heavily burdened caregivers were more likely to have a higher J-ZBI, and CES-D. Compared to caregivers with a light burden, heavily burdened caregivers were more likely to 1) be in poor condition, 2) complain of their economical situation, 3) spend a longer time with care talker. Compared to caregivers with a middle burden, heavily burdened caregivers more frequently used short-stay services (i.e., temporary nursing home assistance). J-ZBI and ADL were compared to before LTCI, and 4 years after LTCI had been started. Scores for both were lower after 4 years. Compared to before LTCI, day-care and day service were used less frequently 3 and 4 years after LTCI. After LTCI, caregivers showed a lower J-ZBI score, but the incidence of depression among caregivers was higher, compared to the general public. It is suggested that a government agency should be created to support not only the frail elderly but also their caregivers.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

[Depressive symptomatology and some relevant factors. Investigations at a junior college in Hokkaido, Japan].

PURPOSES: Recently in Japan, major depression, a depressive state, and suicide are increasingly becoming social problems requiring preventive intervention. However, only few investigations have been performed of actual conditions of mental health. The present study was therefore planned and carried out to examine relations between stress and relevant factors in adolescents and to search for clues for preventive intervention. METHODS: A total of 184 students in a junior college in Hokkaido were the subjects of this cross-sectional survey. In October 2003, age, sex, health-related factors, social supports, stressors, loci of control, coping styles, and depressive status were investigated. After excluding data from incomplete responses, we ultimately analyzed 153 students (mean age = 19.9, 141 females). RESULTS: Regardless of the CES-D categorization, after conducting univariate logistic regression analysis, we found that cognitive style and consciousness of stress were significantly associated with depressive symptomatology. The association remained significant even after multivariate logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive style may influence depression in adolescents. We now need to consider preventive interventions applying the theory of cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[SFRP, a family of new colorectal tumor suppressor candidate genes].

Aberrant Wnt pathway signaling is an early progression event in up to 90% of colorectal cancers (CRC). It occurs mainly through mutations of APC or beta-catenin. We have identified frequent promoter hypermethylation and gene silencing of the secreted frizzled-related protein (SFRP) genes in CRC. SFRPs possess a domain similar to one in the Wnt receptor Frizzled proteins and can inhibit Wnt receptor binding to downregulate pathway signaling in development. We next found that restoration of SFRP function in CRC cells attenuates Wnt signaling even in the presence of downstream mutations. We also show that the epigenetic loss of SFRP function occurs early in CRC progression and may, thus, provide constitutive Wnt signaling which is required to complement downstream mutations in the evolution of CRC.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

HPC2/ELAC2 polymorphism associated with Japanese sporadic prostate cancer.

BACKGROUND: HPC2/ELAC2 gene was identified by linkage analysis from familial prostate cancer (Pca) patients in USA. To determine the association of HPC2/ELAC2 gene with Japanese sporadic Pca, we performed a case-control study focused on two missense polymorphisms. METHODS: We genotyped the two polymorphic sites of Ser217Leu and Ala541Thr in sporadic Japanese Pca patients (n = 285) and matched controls (n = 233). Controls were unrelated Japanese outpatients who had no history of any cancer and normal PSA level (less than 4.0 ng/ml). Statistical analyses were performed by Mann-Whitney's U-test, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: We observed a significantly higher frequency of the Thr allele at 541 polymorphic site in Pca patients (8.4%) compared to the control group (2.1%) (P = 0.0030, Odds Ratio (OR) = 4.02, 95% CI = 1.50-10.8). However, this SNP does not correlate with clinical stage, PSA level, Gleason score of biopsies or age at diagnosis. No association was identified at Ser217Leu polymorphic site. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that Thr allele at 541 in HPC2/ELAC2 has strong significance in the predisposition of sporadic Pca in Japan. This polymorphism can be useful to predict the personal Pca risk, which lead the effective screening of Pca.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Impact of health education and screening over all-cause mortality in Japan: evidence from a cohort study during 1984-2002.

BACKGROUND: Health education and screening are two components of preventive health services in Japan since 1983. This study investigated their relationships with all-cause mortality as they are studied insufficiently in Hokkaido, Japan. METHODS: This study enrolled 1,532 men and 1,653 women aged 40-97 years from 1,702 randomly selected households of 60 areas during 1984-1985 and followed them until 2002. At baseline survey, staffs of 45 health centers collected sociodemographic, medical, behavioral, and dietary information including health education and screening from study subjects with informed consent. RESULTS: For men, age-adjusted Cox proportional hazard model indicated lower mortality for those who received health education (RR = 0.76, P < 0.01) and screening (RR = 0.83, P < 0.05) than those who did not. Health education showed lower mortality even after adjusting for many variables. Similarly for women, health education (RR = 0.66, P < 0.01) and screening (RR = 0.64, P < 0.001) revealed lower age-adjusted mortality. Almost similar results were found for both services when models were adjusted for many variables and when the deaths including lost to follow-up cases of the first 4 years of baseline survey are excluded. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows protective effects of health education and screening over all-cause mortality for both sexes. However, further studies are needed to confirm the results.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Comparisons of percent equol producers between prostate cancer patients and controls: case-controlled studies of isoflavones in Japanese, Korean and American residents.

BACKGROUND: Our previous case-control study revealed that the Japanese residents in Japan could be divided into those who are able to degrade daidzein, a soybean isoflavone, to equol and those without this ability, and that the incidence of prostate cancer is higher in the latter group. METHODS: We recently conducted a similar case-control study involving not only Japanese residents in Japan but also Korean residents in Korea. The incidence of prostate cancer in Korean residents is known to be close to that of Japanese residents in Japan. On the other hand, American residents in the United States have a markedly higher incidence of prostate cancer as compared to Japanese residents in Japan. RESULTS: The number of subjects was 295 in Japan (133 patients and 162 controls), 122 in Korea (61 patients and 61 controls) and 45 in the United States (24 patients and 21 controls). The percentage of equol producers among patients and controls was 29% and 46% in Japan (P = 0.004) and 30% and 59% in Korea (P = 0.001), respectively. The active isoflavone level was markedly lower and the percentage of equol producers was also lower (17% for patients and 14% for controls) for Americans as compared to the Japanese and Koreans. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the ability of producing equol or equol itself is closely related to the lower incidence of prostate cancer. The results also suggest that a diet based on soybean isoflavones will be useful in preventing prostate cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

A case-control study of diet and prostate cancer in Japan: possible protective effect of traditional Japanese diet.

The age-adjusted incidence of prostate cancer is low in Japan, and it has been suggested that the traditional Japanese diet, which includes many soy products, plays a preventive role against prostate cancer. We performed a case-control study on dietary factors and prostate cancer in order to assess the hypothesis that the traditional Japanese diet reduces the risk of prostate cancer. Four geographical areas (Ibaraki, Fukuoka, Nara, and Hokkaido) of Japan were selected for the survey. Average daily intake of food from 5 years before the diagnosis was measured by means of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. We studied 140 cases and 140 individually age ( +/- 5 years)-matched hospital controls for analysis. Estimates of age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and linear trends were calculated by conditional logistic regression models with adjustment for cigarette smoking and total energy intake as confounding factors. Consumption of fish, all soybean products, tofu (bean curds), and natto (fermented soybeans) was associated with decreased risk. ORs of the fourth vs. first quartile and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were 0.45 (0.20-1.02) for fish, 0.53 (0.24-1.14) for all soybean products, 0.47 (0.20-1.08) for tofu, and 0.25 (0.05-1.24) for natto. Consumption of fish and natto showed significantly decreasing linear trends for risk (P < 0.05). Consumption of meat was significantly associated with increased risk (the OR of the second vs. first quartile was 2.19, 95%CI 1.00-4.81). Consumption of milk, fruits, all vegetables, green-yellow vegetables, and tomatoes showed no association. Our results provide support to the hypothesis that the traditional Japanese diet, which is rich in soybean products and fish, might be protective against prostate cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2004

Serum phytoestrogens and prostate cancer risk in a nested case-control study among Japanese men.

The purpose of this study was to examine whether a high serum concentration of phytoestrogens reduces the risk of prostate cancer in a case-control study nested in a community-based cohort in Japan (Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study). Information on lifestyles and sera of the subjects were collected in 1988-90, and they were followed up to 1999. Incident and dead cases of prostate cancer and controls were matched for study area and age. Phytoestrogens and sex hormones in sera stored at - 80 degrees C were measured in 2002. Of 14,105 male subjects of the cohort who donated their sera, 52 cases and 151 controls were identified. Three datasets were analyzed; 1) all subjects, 2) 40 cases and 101 controls after excluding subjects with low testosterone levels who were suspected of having had medical intervention, and 3) 28 cases and 69 controls with prostate specific antigen level of </= 10.0 ng/ml. The odds ratio (OR) for the highest level to the lowest was 0.38 (95% confidence interval (CI); 0.13, 1.13) for genistein, 0.41 (0.15, 1.11) for daidzein, and 0.34 (0.11, 1.10) for equol for the second dataset. Genistein and daidzein showed similar findings in the third one. Equol and equol/daidzein ratio showed consistent findings in all three datasets (OR = 0.39, 95% CI; 0.13, 0.89, trend P = 0.02 for the first dataset). Their effects seemed to be independent of serum sex hormones. In conclusion, serum genistein, daidzein, and equol seemed to dose-dependently reduce prostate cancer risk.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Pulse wave velocity and ankle brachial index in patients with Kawasaki disease.

BACKGROUND: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and ankle brachial index (ABI) are a useful method to estimate atherosclerosis in adults, while a history of Kawasaki disease (KD) may be a risk factor for later atherosclerosis of systemic arteries. PWV and ABI in patients with a history of KD have not been reported. METHOD: In total, 90 patients ranging in age from 4 to 25 years who had a history of KD previously, any time from 1 month to 19 years ago, were studied. As a control group, 119 patients with other trivial cardiovascular diseases such as a small ventricular, an atrial septal defect or mild arrhythmias, were also evaluated. A high value of PWV was determined as >/=120% of normal predicted value of PWV, while a low value of ABI was determined as </=0.9. Age, sex, height, weight, body mass index, blood pressure, ABI and PWV by t-test, and univariate and multivariate analyses of a logistic-regression model, were analyzed. RESULTS: When a cut-off point was set as per cent of normal predicted PWV (%N PWV) >/= 120%, and ABI </= 0.9, patients with a history of KD had a higher PWV than the control group, while there was no significant difference in the ABI between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the PWV or the ABI between the KD patients with or without coronary aneurysms. CONCLUSION: Patients with a history of KD may have increased aortic stiffness for their age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Preoperative diagnosis and treatment results in 106 patients with uterine sarcoma in Hokkaido, Japan.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological features of uterine sarcoma in Hokkaido, Japan, between 1990 and 1999, and to identify prognostic factors of patients with such malignancies in this area and period. METHODS: One hundred and six patients with histologically proven uterine sarcoma were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: 93.5% of the patients with carcinosarcoma (CS) were diagnosed as having malignant disease preoperatively, while 65% of those with leiomyosarcoma (LMS) and 75% of those with endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) were preoperatively diagnosed as benign leiomyoma. When patients had no residual disease postoperatively, 5-year survival rates in patients with CS and LMS were 78.8 and 73.0%, respectively. ESS cases had a better prognosis (94.7% for stage I cases). In patients with early-stage sarcoma, pelvic lymphadenectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy, with or without cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, failed to show a survival benefit in both CS and LMS cases. Distant metastasis, myometrial invasion, and no residual disease at surgery were significantly associated with risk of death or recurrence in CS and LMS cases. CONCLUSION: Accurate preoperative diagnosis of uterine sarcoma was difficult, and no residual disease at surgery was the most important prognostic factor in patients with this disease. Postoperative adjuvant therapy had little effect on survival, especially in early-stage disease.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2004

The reproducibility of a binary tumor grading system for uterine endometrial endometrioid carcinoma, compared with FIGO system and nuclear grading.

OBJECTIVE: A binary grading system has been proposed to assess the amount of solid growth, the pattern of invasion, and the presence of necrosis, and thereby divide endometrial endometrioid carcinomas into low- and high-grade tumors. We analyzed this system for predicting the prognosis, with respect to inter- and intraobserver reproducibility and treatment modalities. METHODS: A total of 200 endometrial carcinomas, based on hysterectomy specimens, were graded according to the binary grading system, for comparison against The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) system and nuclear grading. RESULTS: Both inter- and intraobserver agreement using the binary grading system (kappa = 0.57; percent agreement: 82% and kappa = 0.62; 84%) were superior compared with the FIGO system (0.50; 60% and 0.62; 73%) and the nuclear grading (0.23; 49% and 0.43; 65%). Patients with early-stage low-grade tumors had a 98% rate for 5-year survival (5YS). Patients with early-stage high-grade tumors, and those with advanced-stage low-grade tumors, had respectively 86% to 87% rates for 5YS. But patients with advanced-stage high-grade tumors had a 49% rate for 5YS. In binary low-grade early-stage tumors, the patient outcome was better with no adjuvant therapy and chemotherapy, compared with other therapies. CONCLUSION: A binary grading system was superior to others in permitting greater reproducibility and predicting the prognosis of endometrial cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Dietary habits and risk of urothelial cancer death in a large-scale cohort study (JACC Study) in Japan.

In the present study, the associations of dietary habits with the risk of urothelial cancer death were evaluated taking into consideration sex, age, and smoking habits. The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study was established in 1988-1990 and consisted of 47,997 men and 66,520 women observed until the end of 1999. A self-administered food-frequency questionnaire was used as a baseline survey. Hazard ratios for dietary factors were calculated by Cox's proportional hazards model. During the observation period, 63 men and 25 women died of urothelial cancer. Increasing age, male gender, and history of smoking were all significantly associated with increased risk of urothelial cancer death. A high intake of milk and fruits other than oranges reduced the risk significantly and dose dependently, in particular among subjects with smoking history. However, consumption of butter and yogurt had no associations with the risk. Intakes of cabbage, lettuce, green leafy vegetables, carrots, squash, tomatoes, and oranges were not significantly associated with the risk. It was suggested that urothelial cancer death could be potentially preventable by smoking cessation and regular intake of milk and fruit.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[The association of systemic sclerosis with malignant neoplasms].

The rate of concomitance of systemic sclerosis and malignant neoplasm is not still ascertained. Therefore we reviewed 8,327 patients who were diagnosed with systemic sclerosis and received public financial aid from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan in 1999. The concomitance rate was 3.1% of all patients, however, it was more frequent among men than among women (5.4% for men and 2.8% for women, respectively, P<0.01), and the mean age of patients with complicated malignant neoplasms was significantly higher than that of patients without malignancy (P<0.01). For comparison with the Japanese general population, O/E ratios (ratio of observed-to-expected malignant neoplasms) were calculated, and it was found that both men and women had significantly higher O/E ratios (O/E ratio 2.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.68-2.94, P<0.001 for men and O/E ratio 1.64, 95% CI 1.41-1.86, P<0.001 for women). In addition we also assessed laboratory findings including autoantibodies and respiratory function tests for patients with malignant neoplasms by logistic regression analysis adjusted for sex and age. Decreased DLco (pulmonary CO diffusing capacity) appeared to be a risk factor for the concomitant malignant neoplasms among patients with systemic sclerosis (odds ratio 2.00 for DLco < or = 70%, CI 1.06-3.74, P=0.032). These results may help to elucidate the etiology of systemic sclerosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Oral health conditions in patients with Parkinson's disease.

BACKGROUND: Oral health conditions and related factors of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have not been well elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate oral health conditions and related factors which may influence oral health conditions among patients with PD. METHODS: We compared oral health conditions and related factors between 104 PD patients and 191 inhibitants (controls) who received dental health check-ups in Hokkiado, Japan. The unconditional logistic regression model was used for adjusting for sex and age. We also conducted stratified analysis by sex and age group using this model. The chi2 test and the Cochran-Mantel-Haenzel test were used for simple and stratified analyses of knowledge of oral health among PD patients, respectively. RESULTS: In the present survey, we found the following results. (1) PD patients had more complaints of chewing difficulties and denture discomfort than controls. (2) Fewer PD patients had their own teeth than controls regardless of sex. (3) Fewer PD patients cleaned their dentures every day than controls, regardless of sex or age. (4) More than half of the PD patients had problems with swallowing. CONCLUSION: We found that PD patients had more complaints about their oral health and more problems in oral health behavior than the general population. These findings may provide useful information for the caregivers of PD patients to conduct oral health care as well as for making oral health plans for PD patients and for medical and welfare services.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Clinical symptoms in endoscopic reflux esophagitis: evaluation in 8031 adult subjects.

This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between symptoms and endoscopic findings in reflux esophagitis. Subjects, 8031 persons without medication for gastrointestinal disease, were briefly asked about the presence of heartburn, dysphagia, odynophagia, and acid regurgitation by associated medical staff before endoscopy for assessment of esophagitis utilizing the Los Angeles Classification. Endoscopically, 1199 (14.9%) were classified as positive reflux esophagitis, and 2223 (27.7%) had heartburn, 1522 (19.0%) had dysphagia, 493 (6.1%) had odynophagia, and 1466 (18.3%) had acid regurgitation. Multivariate analysis indicated that the symptom most related to esophagitis was heartburn (odds ratio: 2.46), although approximately 40% of subjects with grade C or D did not complain of heartburn. Regarding the other symptoms, less than 30% subjects with severe esophagitis complained of the symptoms and the odds ratio was approximately 1. These results indicate that endoscopic esophagitis was not equivalent to any reflux symptoms from which subjects suffered in their daily lives.

Adult↗