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Biomedical subjects

Ming Ye

Publications and source records attributed to Ming Ye.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Quantitation of metabolites of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone after cessation of smokeless tobacco use.

Two major metabolites of the tobacco-specific lung carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) were previously shown to be highly persistent in human urine after cessation of cigarette smoking. We hypothesized that NNK or its metabolite, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), was sequestered in the lung. In this study, we further evaluated this hypothesis by quantifying the NNK metabolites, NNAL and its glucuronides (NNAL-Gluc), in urine and plasma after cessation of smokeless tobacco use, in which NNK is administered p.o. rather than by inhalation. Thirteen male nonsmokers, 11 snuff dippers and 2 tobacco chewers, participated in the study. Urine and plasma were obtained at baseline and at intervals 2-126 days after cessation of smokeless tobacco use. The distribution half-lives t(1/2alpha) (days) of NNAL (1.32 +/- 0.85 versus 3.35 +/- 1.86) and NNAL-Gluc (1.53 +/- 1.22 versus 3.89 +/- 2.43) were significantly shorter in smokeless tobacco users than in smokers. There were no significant differences in the terminal half-lives t(1/2beta) (days) of NNAL (26.3 +/- 16.7 versus 45.2 +/- 26.9) and NNAL-Gluc (26.1 +/- 15.1 versus 39.6 +/- 26.0) in smokeless tobacco users and smokers. Baseline levels as well as renal clearance of the NNK metabolites correlated with number of tins or pouches of smokeless tobacco consumed. Ratios of (S)-NNAL:(R)-NNAL and (S)-NNAL-Gluc:(R)-NNAL-Gluc in urine were significantly (3.1-5.7 times) higher 7 days after cessation than at baseline in both smokeless tobacco users and smokers, indicating stereoselective retention of (S)-NNAL. Collectively, the results of this study suggest that there is a receptor in the human body, possibly in the lung, for (S)-NNAL, the more carcinogenic NNAL enantiomer. These data may have considerable implications for understanding mechanisms of tumor induction by NNK.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2002

Development of a vaccine against murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV), consisting of plasmid DNA and formalin-inactivated MCMV, that provides long-term, complete protection against viral replication.

We previously demonstrated that immunization of mice with plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) expressing the murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) genes IE1-pp89 and M84 provided synergistic protection against sublethal viral challenge, while immunization with plasmids expressing putative virion proteins provided no or inconsistent protection. In this report, we sought to augment protection by increasing the breadth of the immune response. We identified another MCMV gene (m04 encoding gp34) that provided strong and consistent protection against viral replication in the spleen. We also found that immunization with a DNA pool containing 10 MCMV genes that individually were nonprotective elicited reproducible protection against low to intermediate doses of challenge virus. Moreover, inclusion of these plasmids into a mixture with gp34, pp89, and M84 DNAs provided even greater protection than did coimmunization with pp89 and M84. The highest level of protection was achieved by immunization of mice with the pool of 13 pDNAs, followed by formalin-inactivated MCMV (FI-MCMV). Immunization with FI-MCMV elicited neutralizing antibodies against salivary gland-derived MCMV, and of greatest importance, mice immunized with both the combined pDNA pool and FI-MCMV had undetectable levels of virus in the spleen and salivary glands after challenge. Intracellular cytokine staining of splenocytes from pDNA- and FI-MCMV-immunized mice showed that pDNA immunization elicited high levels of pp89- and M83-specific CD8(+) T cells, whereas both pDNA and FI-MCMV immunizations generated strong CD8(+)-T-cell responses against virion-associated antigens. Taken together, these results show that immunization with pDNA and inactivated virus provides strong antibody and cell-mediated immunity against CMV infection.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2002

Strong CD8 T-cell responses following coimmunization with plasmids expressing the dominant pp89 and subdominant M84 antigens of murine cytomegalovirus correlate with long-term protection against subsequent viral challenge.

We previously showed that intradermal immunization with plasmids expressing the murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) protein IE1-pp89 or M84 protects against viral challenge and that coimmunization has a synergistic protective effect (C. S. Morello, L. D. Cranmer, and D. H. Spector, J. Virol. 74:3696-3708, 2000). Using an intracellular gamma interferon cytokine staining assay, we have now characterized the CD8+ T-cell response after DNA immunization with pp89, M84, or pp89 plus M84. The pp89- and M84-specific CD8+ T-cell responses peaked rapidly after three immunizations. DNA immunization and MCMV infection generated similar levels of pp89-specific CD8+ T cells. In contrast, a significantly higher level of M84-specific CD8+ T cells was elicited by DNA immunization than by MCMV infection. Fusion of ubiquitin to pp89 enhanced the CD8+ T-cell response only under conditions where vaccination was suboptimal. Three immunizations with either pp89, M84, or pp89 plus M84 DNA also provided significant protection against MCMV infection for at least 6 months, with the best protection produced by coimmunization. A substantial percentage of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells remained detectable, and they responded rapidly to the MCMV challenge. These results underscore the importance of considering antigens that do not appear to be highly immunogenic during infection as DNA vaccine candidates.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed2002

[Several monomes from Tripterygium wilfordii inhibit proliferation of glioma cells in vitro].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Researches indicated that Tripterygium wilfordii possess antitumor activity. The current study was designed to investigate inhibitive effect of several monomes of Tripterygium wilfordii on the proliferation of glioma cells. METHODS: The effect of three monomes from Tripterygium wilfordii on the proliferation of glioma cell lines SHG44, C6, and U251 in vitro was examined by using MTT assay. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 after treatment of triptolide and celastrol. RESULT: The proliferation of glioma cells was remarkably inhibited by triptolide and celastrol. They both increased expression of Bax and decreased expression of Bcl-2 in the SHG44 cells. CONCLUSION: Triptolide and celastrol inhibit the proliferation of glioma cells in vitro, which was associated with promoting the expression of Bax and inhibiting the expression of Bcl-2 and accelerating cell apotosis.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2002

[The basic research on fabricating an ear model by means of rapid prototyping (FDM)].

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to reconstruct a 3-D auricular model. METHODS: Laser scanning was used to get the data of an auricular model, Fused Deposition Manufacturing (one of rapid prototyping technique) was chosen to fabricate an ear cast. The differences between the two models were compared. RESULTS: The result showed that the reconstructed model was precise. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the technique of rapid prototyping is precise, convenient, effective and safe to auricular prosthesis.

English Abstract↗