Biomedical subjects

Milena Saqui-Salces

Publications and source records attributed to Milena Saqui-Salces.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

EBV+ lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland in Mexican Mestizo patients with chronic autoimmune diseases.

Lymphoepithelial carcinomas of the salivary gland are rare tumors constantly associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and mainly identified in Asiatic and Greenlander population. Four cases have been described in Caucasians, only two with EBV infection. We describe two cases of parotid gland lymphoepithelial carcinomas in Mexican mestizo women in which chronic latent EBV infection was documented by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. One patient had primary Sjögren's syndrome and the other systemic lupus erythematosus of six and three years of evolution, respectively. Epithelial neoplastic cells showed latency pattern II (LMP1+, EBNA-2-, EBER+) with a dense inflammatory infiltrate composed mainly by CD8+ T lymphocytes. Follow-up excluded nasopharyngeal involvement in both patients. This report expands the ethnic groups in which salivary lymphoepithelial carcinomas associated with chronic latent EBV infection have been described, and illustrates for the first time its association with autoimmune diseases in two women living in a region non-endemic for this unusual neoplasm.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Differential RNA expression profile by cDNA microarray in sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT): primary parathyroid hyperplasia versus adenoma.

BACKGROUND: Differential diagnosis between adenoma and hyperplasia in primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) remains a dilemma. The aim of this study was to assess differences in transcriptional genomic expression profiles between sporadic (nonfamilial) parathyroid hyperplasia (SPH), adenoma, and normal tissue. METHODS: Parathyroid tissue from 12 patients with parathyroid adenoma, 3 with SPH, and 2 with normal glands was selected for analysis. Histopathology was reviewed in all cases, and all patients with adenomas presented normocalcemia for a minimum of 6 months after one gland resection. Hybridizations were performed in a microarray containing 19,968 human cDNA clones including contiguous replicates. Direct comparisons were performed with reverse labeling for every different pooled sample entity. Expression levels were analyzed using the SAM, SMA, LIMMA, Cluster, and PAM packages in the R environment for statistical computing. RESULTS: There were significant statistical differences between SPH and adenomas. In the direct comparison, a total of 200 genes showed differential expression (P < 0.03): 61 genes were upregulated (> 1.65-fold increase) and 139 were downregulated (> 1.58-fold decrease) with a B value > 4.68 (99.08% probability of real differential expression). When SPH was compared to normal parathyroid tissue, 50 genes were differentially expressed: 42 were upregulated (> 1.89) and 8 were downregulated (> 1.7) with a B > 4.26 (98.6% probability of real differential expression). At least 17 genes were differentially expressed and able to discriminate SPH from adenoma or normal tissue. Upregulated genes were related to apoptosis inhibition, cell proliferation, transcriptional activity and cell adhesion, among other activities. Downregulated genes were mainly related to ion channel activity, lipopolysaccharides, prostaglandin-d synthase, and integral membrane proteins. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that SPH and adenoma have a singular molecular signature that, theoretically, could be used for the differential diagnosis of these entities and normal parathyroid tissue.

Adenoma↗

PubMed2006

Effects of estradiol and progesterone on gastric mucosal response to early Helicobacter pylori infection in female gerbils.

BACKGROUND: Gender differences have been shown regarding the changes in the inflammatory response, gastrin secretion, and gastric acidity during Helicobacter pylori infection. AIM: To investigate the role of estradiol and progesterone in the changes of the gastric mucosa induced by H. pylori during the early stage of infection in female gerbils. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-three adult ovariectomized female gerbils were infected with H. pylori (SS1); 7 days after infection they were treated with low and high doses of estradiol (50 and 250 microg/60 days pellet), progesterone (15 and 50 mg/60 days pellet) and vehicle. Non-ovariectomized infected gerbils were used as control. Gerbils were euthanized after 6 weeks of infection. Histologic evaluation, immunohistochemical detection of proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), gastrin, and apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotide nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay were performed. Positive cells for PCNA, TUNEL, and gastrin were counted in 10 oriented glands per animal. Two-sided p = .05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Estradiol-treated groups showed more intense and extended acute and follicular gastritis compared to the vehicle group, whereas progesterone-treated groups presented less gastritis than the other groups. Proliferation and apoptosis indexes were significantly lower in the vehicle group when compared with those of the control; both indexes were increased in the high-dose estradiol and progesterone groups as compared with those of the vehicle. Grade I nonmetaplastic atrophy was observed in the vehicle and progesterone groups. The high-dose progesterone group showed a significant reduction in the number of gastrin cells. CONCLUSIONS: Estradiol and progesterone participate in the gastric mucosal response to early H. pylori infection in gerbils.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Cellular proliferative fraction measured with topoisomerase IIalpha predicts malignancy in endocrine pancreatic tumors.

CONTEXT: Endocrine pancreatic tumors (EPTs) are rare lesions with varying biological behavior. Establishing malignancy is a challenge for clinicians and pathologists. OBJECTIVE: To establish the role of proliferative, apoptotic, angiogenic, and hormonal markers as predictors of malignancy in EPTs. DESIGN: Paraffin-embedded EPT samples were studied for prognostic markers. PATIENTS: Twenty-one consecutive patients with a diagnosis of EPT. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The proliferative fraction (topoisomerase IIalpha), microvascular density (CD34), vascular endothelial growth factor expression, and estrogen receptor-beta (ERbeta) expression were studied by immunohistochemistry on all EPTs. Apoptosis was also assessed with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick-end labeling. RESULTS: We identified 13 benign and 8 malignant tumors. Topoisomerase IIalpha was significantly increased in malignant tumors (P =.001), while there were no differences in apoptosis, microvascular density, or vascular endothelial growth factor expression in association with malignancy. No correlation could be identified between microvascular density and vascular endothelial growth factor expression, and ERbeta was not detected. A receiver operating characteristic curve for topoisomerase IIalpha disclosed that above a labeling index of 13, the test had 88% sensitivity and 100% specificity for predicting malignancy. CONCLUSION: Cellular proliferation measured with topoisomerase IIalpha is a simple prognostic marker for malignancy in EPTs, unlike apoptosis, angiogenesis, or the presence of ERbeta, which were not associated with malignant behavior. These findings designate a defined field for future research on endocrine pancreatic carcinogenesis and a possible target for chemotherapeutic agents.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Low galectin-3 capacity to discriminate thyroid lesions].

UNLABELLED: Galectin-3 is considered useful in identifying lesions included in the term follicular tumour. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate galectin-3's power to discriminate among diverse thyroid lesions and to identify a set point of expression at which there is the least possible false positive results. METHODS: 26 follicular carcinomas and 104 assorted thyroid lesions were analysed (8 Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 18 goiter, 44 adenoma, 27 papillary carcinoma and 7 normal glands). Immunohistochemistry for galectin-3 was performed way (NCL-GAL-3, 1:100, Novocastra, UK). In a blinded manner intensity and percentage of expression were evaluated, as was its capacity to identify the previously mentioned thyroid entities with 2 x 2 tables. Minimum reactivity set point values were identified and the one which presented the least false positive cases was selected. RESULTS: A reaction was considered positive when 25% of the cells were marked, in which case neither the Hashimoto's thyroiditis, goiter, nor the residual tissue were positive for galectin-3. A positive galectin-3 reaction was identified in 4/44 adenomas, 5/26 follicular carcinomas and 18/27 papillary carcinomas. From a total of 53 carcinomas, 23 showed positive and 30 a negative reaction to galectin-3. Thus, galectin-3's sensitivity to discriminate between benign and malignant lesions was 94% while its specificity was 43%. When comparing follicular carcinoma with adenoma, sensibility was 19% while specificity was 91%. The positive predictive value was 56% and the negative predictive value 66%. Galectin-3 was most useful for identifying papillary thyroid carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Galectin-3 has limited value to distinguish benign from malignant thyroid lesions. The reaction must be considered positive when at least 25% of cells are marked.

Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Histological findings in 100 needle prostatic biopsies and original diagnosis of benignity].

INTRODUCTION: Detailed revision of prostate biopsies with benign alterations may show potentially malignant lesions limited to isolated fields, which may be overviewed in routine analysis. AIM: To exam the morphological alterations in patients with suspicious of prostatic carcinoma and benign diagnosis in needle biopsies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During 2000-2001, one hundred consecutive patients with first prostate biopsy diagnosed as benign were included. Biopsies were performed by sextants or modified sextants technique. Slides were reviewed by two observers with knowledge of original diagnosis and this was accepted or modified in accordance to the findings found during the review. RESULTS: Patients age ranged between 57 and 79 years old. Nine per cent of biopsies originally diagnosed as benign revealed different potentially malignant lesions, which should be noted due to possible association with carcinoma. In this group, there were five biopsies with atypical small acinar proliferation, three with few isolated glands with xanthomatous cytoplasm, and one with scarce atypical cells in the prostatic stroma. In contrast with Caucasian and Afro-American population, frequency of high grade intraepithelial neoplasia in needle biopsy seems to be very low and this lesion was not found in any of the 100 biopsies reviewed. Some lesions that simulate carcinoma, as atypical basal cell hyperplasia, post-atrophic hyperplasia, and adenosis were diagnosed as benign, and there was none false positive result. CONCLUSIONS: A small but significant group of the biopsies originally diagnosed as benign lesions, showed atypical lesions in isolated fields that were overlooked in the routine analysis. It is necessary the urologist to ask for a directed review of the biopsies if clinical and laboratory data strongly suggest prostatic carcinoma. Additional histological cuts, immunohistochemical studies and more than one observer may increase the frequency of detection of potentially malignant lesions.

Aged↗