Biomedical subjects

Michio Kono

Publications and source records attributed to Michio Kono.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

[Diagnostic imaging--recent progress].

Current advances in the diagnostic imaging for lung cancer includes multidetector-row CT (MDCT), lung cancer screening using low-dose MDCT and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging. There is no question about the clinical usefulness of MDCT, and the further development of the hardware and the software of MDCT will open new horizons for CT diagnosis. PET is not an alternative modality to CT but a supplementary one, which adds metabolic information to the morphology. Recently, experimental research on the refraction imaging of human lung specimens has been performed with synchrotron radiation. With progressive refinement, this technique may come to have some practical purpose in diagnosing lung cancer in vivo.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗

PubMed2002

Subcutaneous fibrosis after whole neck irradiation.

PURPOSE: To identify the risk factors for moderate to severe subcutaneous fibrosis after whole neck irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed 233 cases of patients who had undergone whole neck irradiation with 4-MV X-ray or 8-10-MeV electrons, or both, and had been followed with regard to their skin condition for at least 1 year. The prescribed dose to the whole neck ranged from 19.2 to 72.4 Gy (median 50). The skin-absorbed dose was specified as that at a depth of 4.1 mm (d4.1-mm(depth)), and a biologically equivalent dose (BED) of d4.1-mm(depth) was also estimated (BED(1.8) 4.1-mm(depth)). RESULTS: Univariate analysis revealed that previous neck dissection, concurrent chemotherapy, corticosteroid administration as a part of chemotherapy, fractionation, and BED(1.8) 4.1-mm(depth) were significant prognostic variables. Multivariate analysis showed that BED(1.8) 4.1-mm(depth) and previous neck dissection were the only prognostic variables for moderate to severe subcutaneous fibrosis. CONCLUSION: A high dose to a 4.1-mm depth of the skin and a history of neck dissection were identified as the predominant risk factors for moderate to severe subcutaneous fibrosis after whole neck irradiation. A subcutaneous dose should be considered in radiotherapy treatment planning involving the whole neck, especially in cases in which patients have undergone previous neck dissection.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

Solitary pulmonary nodules: potential role of dynamic MR imaging in management initial experience.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the utility of dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the management of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-eight patients with 58 pathologic analysis-proved SPNs (diameter < 30 mm) underwent dynamic 1.5-T MR imaging. The 58 SPNs were classified into three groups at pathologic analysis: malignant SPNs (n = 38), active infections (n = 10), or benign SPNs (n = 10). From signal intensity-time curves generated after the bolus injection of contrast material, the maximum relative enhancement ratio and slope of enhancement were calculated and statistically compared among the three groups. Threshold values of these two dynamic MR indexes were determined on the basis of positive differentiations. RESULTS: The mean relative enhancement ratio and mean slope of enhancement for the malignant SPN group were significantly higher than those for the benign SPN group and significantly lower than those for the active infection group (P <.05). With 0.15 as the threshold maximum relative enhancement ratio for distinguishing the malignant SPN and active infection groups from the benign SPN group, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 100%, 70%, and 95%, respectively. With 0.025/sec as the threshold slope of enhancement, all SPNs with malignancy and active infection were clearly distinguished from benign SPNs. CONCLUSION: Dynamic MR indexes were useful in the differentiation between SPNs that necessitated further evaluation or treatment (malignancy and active infection) and SPNs that did not necessitate further evaluation or treatment (benign nodules).

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

[Assessment of complications in a randomized controlled study on multimodality therapy for patients following breast-conserving surgery: Kansai Breast Cancer Radiotherapy Research Group (5'-KBR)].

PURPOSE: We conducted a randomized controlled study to evaluate the safety and usefulness of a combined treatment of radiotherapy and chemotherapy with doxifluridine (5'-DFUR) plus tamoxifen (TAM) as an adjuvant therapy for breast cancer patients after conservative surgery. The complications observed in this trial are reported herein. METHODS: A total of 550 patients were registered and randomized (based on factors such as T, N, with/without radiotherapy) to groups A and B. Drug regimens were: group A, 5'-DFUR 600 mg/body/day for 6 months and TAM 20 mg/body/day for 2 years; group B, 5'-DFUR 600 mg/body/day for 2 years and TAM 20 mg/body/day for 2 years. Radiotherapy (2 Gy x 5 times/week, for 5 weeks) was administered to 88.6% of evaluable patients (481/543). Radiation-related acute adverse reactions occurred in 28.5% of the 481 patients and moderate to severe reactions occurred in 1.5% of the patients. Delayed radiation-related adverse reactions occurred in 23.8% of the patients but none were severe. Chemo-endocrine therapy-related adverse reactions occurred in 17.9% of group A patients and 25.6% of group B patients. Grade 3 reactions occurred in 6 of the group A patients (2.4%) and in 5 of the group B patients (1.9%); all adverse reactions subsided after dose reduction or discontinuation. These findings suggest that the combination therapy of irradiation and 5'-DFUR with TAM is safe for patients after breast conserving surgery.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗