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Biomedical subjects

Michel Lecendreux

Publications and source records attributed to Michel Lecendreux.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Restless legs syndrome triggered by heart surgery.

This report presents the case of a 9-year-old child with a familial history of restless legs syndrome who began to complain of restless legs syndrome symptoms after heart surgery. Hypotheses on the potential interactions between genetic and environmental factors in the development of her restless legs syndrome are discussed. Increasing evidence supports reduced brain iron in the pathophysiology of idiopathic restless legs syndrome. It is possible that the child inherited a compromised brain and peripheral iron regulation, which predisposed her to restless legs syndrome. The interaction between her dysfunctional iron management and her intraoperatory blood loss may have led to a significant decrease in brain iron, triggering restless legs syndrome symptoms. Other factors, such as immobilization and sleep deprivation after surgery, may have contributed to trigger the restless legs syndrome symptoms. If confirmed by further evidence, this patient suggests the need to carefully monitor for restless legs syndrome symptoms in young surgical patients who present with a familial history of restless legs syndrome.

Child↗
PubMed2006

ADHD and insomnia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMed2006

Sleep and alertness in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review of the literature.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To review evidence on sleep and alertness in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) controlling for potential confounding factors. METHODS: A PubMed search. Studies using ADHD diagnostic criteria other than DSM-III-R or IV and studies not excluding or controlling for psychiatric comorbidity or medication status were not included in the review. Results from objective studies were combined using meta-analysis. RESULTS: From the 46 studies located, 13 were retained. With regard to objective studies, the proportion of subjects who fell asleep during the Multiple Sleep Latency Test, the number of movements in sleep, and the apnea-hypopnea index were significantly higher in children with ADHD than in controls. We found no significant differences in other objective parameters (sleep-onset latency; number of stage changes; percentages of stage 1 sleep, stage 2 sleep, slow-wave sleep, or rapid eye movement sleep; rapid eye movement sleep latency; and sleep efficiency). Limited evidence from subjective studies suggests no significant differences in sleep-onset difficulties and bedtime resistance between children with ADHD and controls, after controlling for comorbidity and medication status. Data on sleep duration, night and morning awakenings, and parasomnias are still very limited. CONCLUSION: Results from our systematic review suggest that children with ADHD have higher daytime sleepiness, more movements in sleep, and higher apnea-hypopnea indexes compared with controls. Given the limited number of studies controlling for confounding factors, further subjective and objective studies are needed to better understand alterations in sleep and alertness in children with ADHD.

Arousal↗
PubMed2005

Restless legs syndrome and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a review of the literature.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To review evidence on the association between restless legs syndrome (RLS) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), to discuss the hypothetical mechanisms underlying this association, and to consider the potential interest for common pharmacologic treatments of RLS and ADHD when co-occurring. METHOD: A PubMed search. RESULTS: In clinical samples, up to 44% of subjects with ADHD have been found to have RLS or RLS symptoms, and up to 26% of subjects with RLS have been found to have ADHD or ADHD symptoms. Several mechanisms may explain this association. Sleep disruption associated with RLS might lead to inattentiveness, moodiness, and paradoxical overactivity. Diurnal manifestations of RLS, such as restlessness and inattention, might mimic ADHD symptoms. Alternatively, RLS might be comorbid with idiopathic ADHD. Subjects with RLS and a subset of subjects with ADHD might share a common dopamine dysfunction. Limited evidence suggests that some dopaminergic agents, such as levodopa/carbidopa, pergolide, and ropinirole, may be effective in children with RLS associated with ADHD symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Although still limited, evidence from clinical studies demonstrates an association between RLS and ADHD or ADHD symptoms. Further clinical studies using standard criteria and procedures are needed to better estimate the degree of association. Epidemiologic studies are required to assess the relationship between ADHD and RLS symptoms in nonclinical samples. Further investigations should address the mechanisms underlying the relationship between RLS and ADHD. Several dopaminergic agents seem to be promising treatment for RLS associated with ADHD symptoms. To date, however, the absence of randomized and blinded controlled studies does not allow evidence-based recommendations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Ropinirole in a child with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and restless legs syndrome.

A 6-year-old male being treated with limited efficacy by methylphenidate immediate release for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder also presented with sleep disruption due to potential restless legs/periodic limb movement syndrome. Treatment with the dopamine agonist ropinirole resulted in a significant improvement in both his attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and sleep problems.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed2005

Effectiveness of iron supplementation in a young child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

A 3-year-old child was referred to consultation for hyperactivity, attention deficit, impulsivity, and sleep problems. He met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. At baseline, the Conners' Parent Rating Scale and the Conners' Teacher Rating Scale raw total scores were 30 and 32, respectively. The child had low a serum ferritin level (13 ng/mL). After 8 months of treatment with Tardyferon (ferrous sulfate, 80 mg/day), his serum ferritin increased to 102 ng/mL. Both parents and teachers reported considerable behavioral improvement. The Conners' Parent and Teacher Rating Scale raw total scores decreased to 19 and 13, respectively. This is the first report of the effectiveness of iron supplementation in a young child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed2004

Iron deficiency in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

BACKGROUND: Iron deficiency causes abnormal dopaminergic neurotransmission and may contribute to the physiopathology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate iron deficiency in children with ADHD vs iron deficiency in an age- and sex-matched control group. DESIGN: Controlled group comparison study. SETTING: Child and Adolescent Psychopathology Department in European Pediatric Hospital, Paris, France. PATIENTS: Fifty-three children with ADHD aged 4 to 14 years (mean +/- SD, 9.2 +/- 2.2 years) and 27 controls (mean +/- SD, 9.5 +/- 2.8 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum ferritin levels evaluating iron stores and Conners' Parent Rating Scale scores measuring severity of ADHD symptoms have been obtained. RESULTS: The mean serum ferritin levels were lower in the children with ADHD (mean +/- SD, 23 +/- 13 ng/mL) than in the controls (mean +/- SD, 44 +/- 22 ng/mL; P < .001). Serum ferritin levels were abnormal (<30 ng/mL) in 84% of children with ADHD and 18% of controls (P < .001). In addition, low serum ferritin levels were correlated with more severe general ADHD symptoms measured with Conners' Parent Rating Scale (Pearson correlation coefficient, r = -0.34; P < .02) and greater cognitive deficits (r = -0.38; P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that low iron stores contribute to ADHD and that ADHD children may benefit from iron supplementation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Sleep and vigilance in hyperactive children].

Inattention, impulsiveness and hyperactivity are the main clinical features that characterise the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Children with ADHD essentially present with diurnal manifestations but studies have recently shown a link between sleep and daytime symptoms. ADHD children could present sleep problems such as agitated sleep, sleep-onset difficulties, low arousal threshold during the night. Such sleep difficulties have been shown to occur more frequently in children with severe diurnal ADHD symptoms. Sleep studies using polysomnography have been performed in children with ADHD. Abnormalities during sleep such as increased motricity could be responsible for hypovigilance as measured using multiple sleep latency tests. Prevalence and physiopathology of sleep disorders including awakening mechanisms (micro-arousals, arousal threshold) from sleep yet need to be clarified in ADHD children. Understanding the mechanisms governing the sleep-wake balance seems essential for the comprehension of ADHD. Excessive nocturnal motricity could be the expression of a monoaminergic dysfunctioning previously reported in ADHD and could lead to new therapeutic gateways as well as hypovigilance.

Attention↗