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Max Grinberg

Publications and source records attributed to Max Grinberg.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Symptomatic severe chronic aortic valve disease: a comparative study of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography].

OBJECTIVE: To show the real value of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) in the evaluation of patients with symptomatic chronic aortic valve disease. METHODS: Seventy patients--35 with aortic stenosis (AoS) and 35 with aortic regurgitation (AoR) with surgical indication, who underwent preoperative echocardiogram (ECHO) and CMRI to assess ventricular function, volumes, and left ventricular mass index using cine magnetic resonance imaging, were studied. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was observed between the AoS and AoR groups when ECHO and CMRI variables were compared. When compared with the type of symptom, ECHO and CMRI variables showed the same pattern. CONCLUSION: CMRI data were in agreement with ECHO data regarding the assessment of left ventricular volume and ejection fraction, and with the clinical presentation of patients with chronic aortic valve disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Infective endocarditis due to Bartonella spp. and Coxiella burnetii: experience at a cardiology hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Bartonella spp. and Coxiella burnetii are recognized as causative agents of blood culture-negative endocarditis (BCNE) in humans and there are no studies of their occurrences in Brazil. The purpose of this study is to investigate Bartonella spp. and C. burnetii as a causative agent of culture-negative endocarditis patients at a cardiology hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. From January 2004 to December 2004 patients with a diagnosis of endocarditis at our Institute were identified and recorded prospectively. They were considered to have possible or definite endocarditis according to the modified Duke criteria. Those with blood culture-negative were tested serologically using the indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA) for Bartonella henselae, B. quintana, and C. burnetii. IFA-IgG titers >800 for Bartonella spp. and C. burnetii were considered positive. A total of 61 patients with endocarditis diagnosis were evaluated, 17 (27%) were culture-negative. Two have had IgG titer greater than 800 (>/=3,200) against Bartonella spp. and one against C. burnetii (phase I and II>/=6,400). Those with Bartonella-induced endocarditis had a fatal disease. Necropsy showed calcifications and extensive destruction of the valve tissue, which is diffusely infiltrated with mononuclear inflammatory cells predominantly by foamy macrophages. The patient with C. burnetii endocarditis received specific antibiotic therapy. Reports of infective endocartitis due to Bartonella spp. and C. burnetii in Brazil reveal the importance of investigating the infectious agents in culture-negative endocarditis.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Aortic stenosis and coronary disease. Analysis of risk factors].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze clinical laboratorial aspects of the presence of coronary disease in patients with aortic stenosis and evaluate the influence of risk factors in the development of obstructive coronary disease. METHODS: We studied 65 patients who had severe aortic stenosis with an indication for surgery, ages 51 to 85 years, 40 of them women. The coronary angiography assessment resulted in two groups: 26 (40%) with obstructive coronary disease and 39 (60%) with no coronary artery lesion. Personal antecedents for coronary disease (smoking, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, family antecedents, sedentarism, and alcoholism) were analyzed. Additionally, the following assessments were made: electrocardiogram, echocardiogram with Doppler, and laboratory tests (blood glucose, total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides, Apo-A1 and B, fibrinogen, lipoprotein (a) and fraction of triglycerides and cholesterol removal in both groups. RESULTS: In the age analysis, the group with obstructive coronary disease belonged to an older age range with statistical significance (p<0.0001). Signs of ischemia of the anterior wall identified on the electrocardiogram showed a significant relationship with the obstruction of an anterior interventricular artery (p<0.002). The univariate analysis showed a significant difference between the groups regarding averages of the aortic (p= 0.041), HDL (p=0.042), and fibrinogen (p=0.047) gradients. The group with coronary disease presented an average gradient and HDL level lower than the group without obstructive coronary disease. For the fibrinogen variable, the average in the group with no coronary disease was lower compared to that of the coronariopathy group. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed fibrinogen levels as an independent variable for coronary disease (p<0.039). CONCLUSION: Fibrinogen was an independent risk factor for the association between obstructive coronary disease and aortic stenosis.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

[Vascular reactivity response to mental stress in pregnant women with mitral stenosis].

OBJECTIVE: To study vascular reactivity according to the analysis of blood flow and peripheral vascular resistance at rest and during mental stress in pregnant women with mitral stenosis. METHODS: Twenty two women with mitral stenosis, 13 of whom were pregnant (PS) and 9 were non-pregnant (MIS), and 9 healthy pregnant women (NP) were studied. During gestation, 9 out of the 13 patients of the PS group required a beta-blocker (PSB) and the remaining 4 progressed without medication (PSWB). Plethysmography at rest and during mental stress analyzed muscle blood flow, peripheral vascular resistance (PVR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) during gestation and puerperium. RESULTS: During gestation of PSWB, muscle blood flow and HR were higher in 1.6% and 20.5% (p = 0.05), and PVR and MAP were lower in 19.3% and 4.4%, respectively, in comparison to the puerperium; during mental stress, the muscle blood flow increased by 55.9%, HR decreased by 30.2% and PVR and MAP were similar. In PSB, muscle blood muscle blood flow and HR were greater in 5.9% and 14.9% (p= 0.001) and MAP and PVR were lower in 10.3% and 9.1%, respectively, when compared to the puerperium. During mental stress, muscle blood flow and MAP increased by 69.8% and 174.1%, respectively. HR was similar and PVR decreased by 53.7%. The comparative study showed that in the NP group the muscle blood flow was higher, PVR was lower, and MAP and HR were similar in relation to the PS group, and that the PS, NP, MIS groups had a similar response to mental stress. CONCLUSIONS: Vascular reactivity in pregnant women with mitral stenosis was preserved and the analysis of measurements showed lower values of muscle blood flow and higher values of PVR when compared to those of healthy pregnant women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Long-term follow up of the Biocor porcine bioprosthesis in the mitral position.

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: The study aim was to review the long-term results of mitral valve replacement (MVR) with the Biocor porcine bioprosthesis, in order to investigate patient survival and valve-related complications. METHODS: Data were presented for 546 patients (320 females, 226 males; mean age 49.2 +/- 17.1 years) who underwent MVR with the Biocor porcine bioprosthesis between March 1983 and December 2000. Preoperatively, rheumatic fever was present in 42.3% of patients. Associated procedures were performed in 179 patients (32.7%), and myocardial revascularization in 54 (9.9%). Preoperatively, 41.9% of patients were in NYHA class IV. Postoperative follow up was conducted by telephone interviews, questionnaires, or examination of hospital records. RESULTS: The hospital mortality was 9.5% (n=52); of these patients, 30 died after their first MVR and 22 after mitral reoperation. Mortality after isolated MVR was 7.6%. The total follow up was 2,148.9 patient-years, and actuarial survival was 45.0 +/- 15.8% at 15 years. Freedom from structural valve deterioration (SVD) was 51.8 +/- 13.8% for patients aged <50 years, 88.7 +/- 5.1% for those aged 51-60 years, and 84.0 +/- 9.8% for those aged 61-80 years. The incidence of prosthetic valve endocarditis was low, with 88.8 +/- 6.1% non-recurrence in 15 years. Freedom from reoperation was 33.9 +/- 10.4%, and from thromboembolism was 82.3 +/- 15.0%. Freedom from valve-related mortality was 80.7 +/- 12.5% during a 15-year period. CONCLUSION: The 15-year clinical results with the Biocor porcine bioprosthesis in the mitral position were excellent in a young, predominantly rheumatic, patient population which, preoperatively, was in a grave clinical condition. The incidence of valve-related complications was low, as was that of SVD in patients aged >50 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Time-related distribution, risk factors and prognostic influence of embolism in patients with left-sided infective endocarditis.

BACKGROUND: Few studies evaluated systemic arterial embolism after beginning of symptoms of infective endocarditis in a large series of patients. METHODS: We studied 629 patients with left-sided infective endocarditis, aged 37.9+/-17.3 years, 396(63%) men and 233(37%) women. Endocarditis occurred on native valves in 405(64.4%) patients and on prosthetic heart valves in 224(35.6%). Infecting microorganisms were streptococci in 297(47.3%) patients, Staphylococcus aureus in 77(12.3%), Staphylococcus epidermidis in 56(8.9%), enterococci in 51(8.1%), Gram-negative bacteria in 33(5.2%), fungi in 9(1.4%) and other microorganisms in 27(4.2%). In 79(12.6%) patients blood cultures were negative. RESULTS: 146 embolic events occurred in 133(21.1%) out of 629 patients; in 63(47.4%) of them emboli affected the central nervous system, in 57(42.9%) affected peripheral organs and in 13(9.7%) affected both the central nervous system and peripheral organs. Embolism occurred between beginning of symptoms of endocarditis and antimicrobial therapy in 56(42.1%) patients and on the day therapy started in 18(13.5%); 109(81.9%) embolic events occurred up to the 15th day of antimicrobial therapy. Embolic risk was higher in S. aureus endocarditis (relative risk 2.97); in patients with a mitral (relative risk 2.4) or aortic (relative risk 3.3) prosthetic valve and vegetations on echocardiography. Embolic risk was lower in patients with a longer duration of symptoms. The death risk doubled in patients with embolism (relative risk 2.01). CONCLUSIONS: Embolic events were more frequently early events after beginning of symptoms of infective endocarditis. Embolic risk was higher in S. aureus endocarditis and in patients with prosthetic heart valves and vegetations on echocardiography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Effectiveness of the maze procedure using cooled-tip radiofrequency ablation in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation and rheumatic mitral valve disease.

BACKGROUND: Although the Cox-Maze III procedure is effective for treating permanent atrial fibrillation (AF), its high complexity limits its use. The Saline-Irrigated Cooled-tip Radiofrequency Ablation (SICTRA) System is an alternative source of energy used to ablate AF. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the SICTRA for the treatment of permanent AF in patients with rheumatic mitral valve (MV) disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: Between February 2002 and April 2003, 70 patients with permanent AF and rheumatic MV disease were randomly assigned to undergo a modified Maze III procedure using SICTRA associated with MV surgery (group A) or MV surgery alone (group B). Groups A and B were similar in terms of baseline characteristics. The in-hospital mortality rate was 2.3% (1 death) in group A versus 0% (no deaths) in group B (P>0.99). The additional time required for the left-sided radiofrequency ablation in group A was 14.2+/-5.1 minutes and for right-sided ablation was 12.3+/-4.2 minutes. The mean postoperative follow-up periods were 13.8+/-3.4 and 11.5+/-7.3 months, respectively, in groups A and B. The overall mid-term survival rate was 95.1% in group A and 92.8% in group B (P>0.99). The cumulative rates of sinus rhythm were 79.4% in group A and 26.9% in group B (P=0.001). Doppler echocardiography documented biatrial transport function in 90.3% of group A patients in sinus rhythm. CONCLUSIONS: The SICTRA is effective for treating permanent AF associated with rheumatic MV disease.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Effect of enalapril on left ventricular diameters and exercise capacity in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients with regurgitation secondary to mitral valve prolapse or rheumatic heart disease.

The effects of 12 months of therapy were evaluated in 47 mildly symptomatic patients with moderate to severe mitral valve regurgitation; 26 patients received enalapril and 21 received a placebo. Enalapril was associated with a significant reduction in left ventricular diameter and mitral regurgitation volume, with no evidence of change in systolic function indexes. However, enalapril did not hinder progressive aerobic impairment to effort.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Texture of mitral bioprosthesis, ventricular function and formation of thrombus. Analysis through transesophageal echocardiography and use of bioscore].

OBJECTIVE: Facing the hypothesis of participation of mechanical stress as a cause of mitral bioprosthesis dysfunction, we decided to assess the relation of preservation of the texture of the mitral bioprosthesis leaflets with left ventricular function, in addition to the casual formation of thrombus in left atrium in patients with left ventricular dysfunction from the implant of mitral bioprosthesis. METHODS: Forty 40 patients with mitral bioprosthesis through multiplane transesophageal echocardiogram were studied and divided in two groups: with left ventricular dysfunction (FE=0.40+/-0.09) since the bioprosthesis implant (20 patients: age 47.75+/-11.10 years old and surgery time 5.3+/-2.6 years) and with normal left ventricular function (FE=0.73+/-0.06) since the implant (20 patients: age 49.75+/-13.59 years old and surgery time 5.7+/-3 years). The texture of bioprosthesis leaflets was analyzed through a transesophageal echocardiographic score (FACIMT Bioscore): 1) Fusion of leaflets (score 1 to 3); 2) Apposition of tissues (score 1 to 3); 3) Calcium in leaflets (score 1 to 5); 4) Integrity of leaflets (score 1 to 3); 5) Motility of leaflets (score 1 to 4) and 6) Thickness of leaflets (score 1 to 3). The presence of thrombi in left atrium was assessed through multiplane scanning of the left atrium and left atrial appendage in the transesophageal study. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the texture of bioprosthesis mitral position between the groups, for the total score (8.7+/-2.4 vs. 7.9+/-2.1, p=0.259), and for each analyzed item. A greater incidence of thrombi in left atrium and left atrial appendage was detected in patients with ventricular dysfunction (65% vs. 20%, p=0.004). CONCLUSION: The left ventricular dysfunction was not a protecting factor of the texture of bioprosthesis leaflets in mitral position in the tardive post-surgery period. The patients with left ventricular dysfunction showed a more favorable environment for the formation of thrombi in left atrium.

Atrial Appendage↗
PubMed2004

Echocardiographic findings in patients with suspected infective endocarditis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the echocardiographic findings in patients with suspected infective endocarditis. METHODS: Two hundred sixty-two patients with suspected infective endocarditis underwent transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic investigation. Images of vegetations, valvular abscesses, and acute periprosthetic insufficiency were analyzed, and the correlation with clinical and laboratory data, diagnostic category, and hospital evolution was assessed. RESULTS: The diagnosis of endocarditis was categorized as defined in 127 (47.8%) episodes, possible in 81 (30.4%), and rejected in 58 (21.8%). In patients with the defined diagnosis, the following images were identified: 135 vegetations, 37 abscesses, and 6 periprosthetic insufficiencies. Vegetations were more frequent in patients with endocarditis due to streptococci of the viridans group and enterococci (P=0.02), and with symptom duration < 10 days (P=0.001). Abscesses were more frequent in patients with symptom duration < 10 days (P=0.001). Periprosthetic insufficiency was associated with a greater need for surgical treatment (P=0.001). In patients with the possible diagnosis of endocarditis, 8 echocardiographic images considered compatible with vegetations were identified. In patients whose diagnosis of endocarditis was rejected, no vegetations, valvular abscesses, or periprosthetic insufficiencies were demonstrated. CONCLUSION: Our echocardiographic findings varied according to the diagnostic category. The contribution to both the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation should consider the pretest probability of the diagnosis of infective endocarditis.

Abscess↗
PubMed2004

Surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation through isolation of the left atrial posterior wall in patients with chronic rheumatic mitral valve disease. A randomized study with control group.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of surgical isolation of the left atrial posterior wall encompassing the ostia of the pulmonary veins for the treatment of atrial fibrillation of rheumatic etiology. METHODS: Prospective and randomized study of patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease, persistent atrial fibrillation for 6 months or longer, age < or = 60 years, and left atrial diameter < or = 65 mm. The patients were randomly distributed into 2 groups as follows: surgical valvular treatment (control group) and surgical valvular treatment associated with isolation of the left atrial posterior wall according to the "cut-and-sew" technique (treated group). RESULTS: Twenty-nine individuals were operated upon, 27 of whom (13 in the control group and 14 in the treated group) were regularly followed up. The patients of both groups did not differ in regard to their basal characteristics. The mean follow-up time was 11.5 months in the control group and 10.3 months in the treated group. The cumulative frequencies of the patients without atrial fibrillation were significantly greater in the treated group both in the perioperative (P = 0.0035) and late (P = 0.0430) phases. CONCLUSION: Surgical isolation of the left atrial posterior wall encompassing the ostia of the pulmonary veins is an effective form of treating atrial fibrillation in rheumatic mitral valve disease.

Aged↗