Biomedical subjects

Mathieu d'Acremont

Publications and source records attributed to Mathieu d'Acremont.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

How is impulsivity related to depression in adolescence? Evidence from a French validation of the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire.

The aim of this study was to validate a French version of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ; Garnefski, N., Kraaij, V., & Spinhoven, P., 2001. Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation and emotional problems. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 1311-1327) and to explore its relationships with impulsivity and depression. Teenagers from a junior secondary (n=107, 13-16 years) and a secondary school (n=110, 15-19 years) completed the CERQ, which assesses regulation strategies in response to negative events. The secondary school adolescents also completed the UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale (Whiteside, S. P., & Lynam, D. R., 2001. The five factor model and impulsivity: Using a structural model of personality to understand impulsivity. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 669-689) and the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale (Reynolds, W. M., 1987. Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale: Professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources). Factor analysis for the CERQ confirmed the presence of the nine original regulation strategies. In the secondary school students, impulsivity was related to depression. A path analysis revealed that regulation strategies mediated this relationship. The role of emotion regulation in the development of adolescent psychopathology is discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Phenomenal characteristics of autobiographical memories for social and non-social events in social phobia.

Previous studies failed to show clear differences between people with social phobia and non-anxious individuals regarding the specificity and affective intensity of their autobiographical memories for social events. However, these studies did not assess the subjective experience associated with remembering. In this study, people with social phobia and non-anxious control participants recalled social and non-social events, and rated the phenomenal characteristics of their memories. The memories of people with social phobia for social events contained fewer sensorial details but more self-referential information than controls' memories. In addition, people with social phobia remembered social situations from an observer perspective, viewing themselves as if from outside, to a greater extent than controls. By contrast, the two groups did not differ concerning their memories for non-social events. These findings are discussed in relation to cognitive models of social phobia.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Impulsivity and decision making.

The purpose of the present study was to explore the links among the four facets of impulsivity (urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and sensation seeking) proposed by and decision-making processes. Thirty undergraduate students completed a self-report questionnaire evaluating impulsivity as well as a task measuring decision-making processes, the Iowa Gambling Task. Zero-order correlations and multilevel analysis revealed that only lack of premeditation was specifically linked to disadvantageous decisions on the Gambling Task. This suggests that premeditation is related to decision making influenced by somatic (or emotional) markers.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Cognitive biases toward alcohol-related words and executive deficits in polysubstance abusers with alcoholism.

AIM: To study cognitive biases for alcohol-related cues on executive function tasks involving mental flexibility and response inhibition in polysubstance abusers with alcoholism. DESIGN: The responses to alcohol-related cues of detoxified polysubstance abusers with alcoholism and of non-addicts were compared. SETTING: The University of Iowa City, Iowa, USA. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty detoxified polysubstance abusers with alcoholism (PSA) and 30 healthy non-substance abusers (CONT). MEASUREMENTS: Using the 'Alcohol Shifting Task', a variant of the go/no-go paradigm, we measured the response times and the accuracy of responses to targets and distracters. Sometimes the alcohol-related words were the targets for the 'go' response, with neutral words as distracters, sometimes the reverse. Several shifts in the type of the target occurred during the task. FINDINGS: Relative to CONT, PSA were generally slower to respond to targets, but the group difference was smaller when alcohol-related words were the targets. A signal detection analysis also indicated that relative to CONT, the PSA had more difficulties discriminating between targets and distracters (low d'), and they showed more signs of decision bias (low C), reflecting increased readiness to respond to both targets and distracters. However, these discrimination and inhibition deficits were more pronounced when alcohol-related words were the targets. Furthermore, the weaknesses in RT and C were more pronounced in PSA after shifting the targets from alcohol-related to neutral words, or vice versa. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that PSA have cognitive biases towards information related to alcohol, and that these biases, as well as the poor executive functions (lower mental flexibility and response inhibition) revealed in PSA might be responsible for their failure to maintain abstinence.

Adult↗