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Biomedical subjects

Masayuki Miyamoto

Publications and source records attributed to Masayuki Miyamoto.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Methylphenidate hydrochloride for excessive daytime sleepiness in a patient with myotonic dystrophy.

A 28-year-old man with a history of myotonic dystrophy (MyD) is described. His progressively worsening excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) was treated with methylphenidate hydrochloride. Polysomonography (PSG), the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), middle latency-evoked response, and auditory event-related potentials were used to assess the cause of EDS. The PSG detected small numbers of central sleep apneic episodes. Mean sleep latency, which was determined by MSLT, increased from 5 min before treatment to 14 min after treatment. The Pa, P1, and N1 amplitudes at the Cz site increased after treatment, but P3 latency remained unchanged. These observations suggest that EDS and impairment of cognitive and information processing seen in a patient with MyD may be caused by a central nervous system disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Diurnal variation in daytime sleepiness of patients with sleep apnea syndrome.

Diurnal variations in daytime sleepiness were studied in 26 men with sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) [age, 41.7 +/- 9.9 years (mean +/- SD); body mass index, 30.0 +/- 6.2 kg/m2; Epworth Sleepiness Score, 8.7 +/- 4.1; apnea-hypopnea index, 50.2 +/- 22.0]. Sleep latencies measured at 09.00 h, 11.00 h, 13.00 h, 15.00 h, and 17.00 h were 3.4 +/- 3.6 min, 4.7 +/- 5.5 min, 5.2 +/- 4.4 min, 5.3 +/- 5.4 min, and 9.3 +/- 7.2 min, respectively (ANOVA, P < 0.05). Daytime sleepiness in patients with SAS was more pronounced in the morning than in the afternoon and evening.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Alteration of circadian periodicity in core body temperatures of patients with acute stroke.

The effect of brain damage on body temperature rhythm was investigated by spectral analysis using the maximum entropy method. The rectal temperatures of 56 patients with acute stroke were recorded for 1-3 days by actigraphy. Many patients with disturbance of consciousness showed infradian rhythm. Ambulatory patients tended to have circadian rhythm, and non- ambulatory patients tended to show infradian rhythm. The study's findings suggest that impaired physical activity and disturbance of consciousness affect body temperature rhythm in patients with acute stroke.

Body Temperature Regulation↗
PubMed2002

Hypnotic prescriptions in a university hospital: Analysis of data from the computer-ordering system.

The computer-ordering system (COS) database was used to investigate hypnotic prescriptions issued to outpatients at various medical departments at the Dokkyo University School of Medicine. Hypnotics were prescribed for 3428 patients (1613 men, 1815 women), with a mean age of 56 years (range 8-91 years). The number of prescriptions was 3.5% of the total number of prescriptions (123 518). Although hypnotics were prescribed most often to patients in their 60s, generally, the incidence was higher for younger-aged patients. Physicians in all specialty areas tended to prescribe short-acting benzodiazepine hypnotics. The issuance of hypnotic prescriptions should be investigated to determine the prevalence of insomnia in various medical specialties.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Nacrolepsy manifesting initially as cataplexy and sleep paralysis: usefulness of CSF hypocretin-1 examination for early diagnosis].

We report a 24-year-old man with narcolepsy initially suffered from cataplexy and sleep paralysis. From May 2000, at age 23 he experienced two kinds of recurrent episodes of weakness without altered consciousness; one was provoked by emotion and excitement, the other occurred spontaneously on onset of sleep without hallucination. He denied having daytime sleepiness and did not experience hypnagogic hallucinations. In July 2000, at our hospital he received the first medical examinations, of which physical and neurological results were unremarkable. A magnetic resonance imaging scan of the brain also gave unremarkable results. The initial diagnosis was epilepsy, and anti-convulsant drugs were begun in August 2000. The weakness episodes were not lessened by the treatment with carbamazepine, sodium valproate or clonazepam, and he was admitted to our clinic in April 2001 for further examinations. Human leukocyte antigen testing was positive for DR15 (DR2) and DQ6 (DQ1). The routine electroencephalographam detected no epileptic discharge or paradoxical alpha blocking. A polysomnogram showed a sleep onset REM sleep period and sleep fragmentation, but there was no apnea or periodic leg movements. A multiple sleep latency test showed a mean sleep latency of 1.8 min and REM sleep in three of five naps. These findings suggested probable narcolepsy, so we examined the hypocretin-1 (orexin A) concentration in his cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It was below the detection limit of the assay (< 40 pg/mL). The final diagnosis in April 2001 was narcolepsy. Making an initial diagnosis of incomplete or atypical narcolepsy is difficult for clinicians. A delay in diagnosis, however, may produce personal and social problems for narcoleptic patients. We believe that an examination of CSF hypocretin-1 aids in the early diagnosis of narcolepsy.

Adult↗