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Biomedical subjects

Masahito Hitosugi

Publications and source records attributed to Masahito Hitosugi.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Analysis of fatal injuries to motorcyclists by helmet type.

To clarify the characteristics of injuries of motorcyclists dying in accidents in relation to helmet type, we retrospectively analyzed forensic autopsies of 36 helmeted motorcycle riders. The presence of major injuries and injury severity were evaluated with the injury severity score and the 1990 revision of the Abbreviated Injury Scale. Persons with open-face helmets (19 cases) were significantly more likely to have sustained severe head and neck injuries, especially brain contusions, than were persons with full-face helmets (17 cases). Furthermore, major injuries of the chest or abdomen, rib fractures, lung injuries, and liver injuries were each present in more than one quarter of all cases (26.3% to 70.6%), but their prevalences did not differ significantly between riders with different types of helmet. Because many types of head and neck injuries cannot be prevented and fatal chest and abdominal injuries occur despite the use of full-face helmets, more effective helmets and devices for protecting the chest and abdomen are needed to decrease deaths from motorcycle accidents.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2004

Changes in blood viscosity with mucopolysaccharide polysulfate.

We examined the dose-dependent effects of mucopolysaccharide polysulfate (MPS) on coagulation variables and whole-blood viscosity in human blood. Both 0.01% and 0.1% MPS significantly reduced levels of both fibrin monomer and thrombin-antithrombin III complex in a manner similar to that of 2.0 IU/ml heparin sodium. Furthermore, MPS dose-dependently decreased whole-blood viscosity, as measured with an oscillation viscometer. Because MPS can be applied in creams and gels, percutaneous application of MPS may effectively reduce whole-blood viscosity in local veins.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Changes in blood viscosity with heavy and light exercise.

To clarify the relationship of the intensity of acute exercise to sudden cardiac death, we examined the effects of short-term heavy and light exercise on whole blood viscosity. Nine healthy sedentary male volunteers performed ten minutes of heavy (more than 95% of maximum oxygen consumption) or light (60% to 65% of maximum oxygen consumption) exercise. Blood samples were obtained before, immediately after, and one hour after exercise. The whole blood viscosity was immediately examined with an oscillation-type viscometer and was found to increase significantly after exercise and subsequently return to baseline levels within one hour after exercise. The whole blood viscosity increased by a similar degree after heavy or light exercise. Therefore, our results suggest that there is a similar risk of sudden cardiac death, due to increased whole blood viscosity, after short-term heavy or light exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

An autopsy case of fatal anaphylactic shock following fluorescein angiography: a case report.

We present a rare autopsy case of fatal anaphylactic shock following fluorescein angiography. A 71-year-old Japanese woman undergoing retinal angiography to evaluate diabetic retinopathy died immediately after an injection of sodium fluorescein. Forensic autopsy and post-mortem biochemical analyses revealed an elevated serum level of tryptase which, in the absence of morphologic changes suggesting injury or disease, confirmed the diagnosis of fatal anaphylactic shock. Although serious adverse effects are rare after fluorescein angiography, patients should be observed, with appropriate resuscitation equipment available, for several hours after the administration of fluorescein.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Changes in blood viscosity with synthetic protease inhibitors.

We examined the effects on whole blood viscosity and coagulation time of various dosages of the synthetic low-molecular protease inhibitors gabexate mesilate and nafamostat mesilate with an oscillation-type viscometer. When either agent was added, blood viscosity decreased dose-dependently along a sigmoid-like curve. Furthermore, coagulation time was shorter with gabexate mesilate than with nafamostat mesilate owing to the differences of half-life in human blood. Thrombin generation, which results from the activation of coagulation factors, is inhibited by synthetic protease inhibitors and subsequently decreases blood viscosity dose-dependently.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Prediction of injuries to the heart and thoracic aorta in unrestrained drivers.

The purpose of the study was to investigate factors predicting injuries to the heart and/or thoracic aorta (H/TA) of unrestrained drivers in frontal motor vehicle collisions. We retrospectively analyzed findings of forensic autopsies of 37 unrestrained drivers of automobiles without airbags involved in frontal collisions. Mechanisms of injury, injury severity, presence of major injuries, and the number of fractured ribs were examined in each case. Victims were subdivided for comparison into those with (19 cases) and without (18 cases) H/TA injuries. The injury severity score and the abbreviated injury scale of the chest were significantly higher in persons with H/TA injuries (65.3+/-15.7 and 5.4+/-0.9) than in persons without (31.6+/-22.0 and 1.8+/-1.9). Because univariate analysis showed that the presence of multiple fractured ribs was an important predictor of H/TA injuries, we examined the relation between H/TA injuries and the number of fractured ribs. Copas's nonparametric smooth binary regression model showed that H/TA injuries were more likely in persons with eight or more fractured ribs. The presence of eight or more fractured ribs predicts H/TA injuries in unrestrained drivers.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Trends in early and late deaths due to motor vehicle accidents in Japan.

To clarify trends and urban-rural differences in the early death rate (deaths within 24 h divided by the deaths within 1 year after motor vehicle accident x100 [%]) due to motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) in Japan. Mortality data were collected from the annual statistics of traffic accident research and vital statistics in Japan from 1980 through 1998 and analyzed. Early death rates were nearly constant (73.9-78.0%) from 1980 through 1998. Early death rates were lower in younger and elderly groups. As regards to geographic variations, early death rates and 1-year death rates per 100,000 vehicles were significantly higher in rural areas (population density <1000/km(2)) than in urban areas. To investigate MVA deaths, both early and late deaths should be examined. Decreasing the early death rate, a new index for MVA death, which reflects the reduction of injury severity is important for preventing MVA deaths.

Journal Article↗