The G8 on energy: too little.
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Editorial↗
Biomedical subjects
Martin Rees
Publications and source records attributed to Martin Rees.
Craniofrontonasal syndrome and diaphragmatic hernia.
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Abnormalities, Multiple↗
Intratumoral genetic heterogeneity in Barrett adenocarcinoma.
In 10 cases of Barrett adenocarcinoma, samples from 8 tumor areas (including superficial and deep from peripheral and central areas) and a regional lymph node metastasis were studied for amplification of c-myc, c-erbB-2, and EGFR. We analyzed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 3 loci (APC, MCC, and RB) and 2 anonymous microsatellite markers (D4S1652 and D18S474). We detected c-myc in variable fractions of tissue samples from 3 of 9 tumors; EGFR was amplified in 2 specimens from 1 tumor. One tumor demonstrated amplification of c-erbB-2 in all areas. LOH at the D4S1652, MCC, RB, APC, and D18S474 loci was found in 75% (3/4), 57% (4/7), 50% (4/8), 11% (1/9), and 0% (0/10) of informative cases, respectively. LOH generally was restricted to variable subpopulations of tumor cells within individual tumors. There was no obvious association of certain genetic alterations with topographically distinct tumor regions; however, superficial areas showed more frequent genetic alterations than areas from the deeply invading front. More aberrations were detected in the periphery than in the center. Barrett adenocarcinoma is characterized by marked intratumoral genetic heterogeneity, which must be considered when evaluating genetic alterations as indicators of response to therapy and prognosis.
Adenocarcinoma↗
C-myc gene amplification in different stages of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: prognostic value in relation to treatment modality.
BACKGROUND: The proto-oncogene c-myc is known to be involved in the regulation of proliferation, apoptosis and cell differentiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Amplification of c-myc was determined by means of differential PCR in 77 surgically treated stage I or II oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) as well as in 43 locally advanced SCC (cT3-4 cN0-1 cM0) treated by radiochemotherapy and facultatively by surgery. The findings were correlated to overall survival and to response to radiochemotherapy. RESULTS: C-myc gene amplification was present in 8 out of 77 surgically treated SCC (10.4%) and in 13 out of 43 multimodally treated SCC (30.2%). Among the surgically treated tumours, the presence of c-myc amplification was correlated with high proliferative activity (p = 0.0399) but not with overall survival. Among the multimodally treated SCC, c-myc amplification tended to be correlated with response to chemotherapy and response to radiochemotherapy (not significant) whereas no impact on overall survival was found. CONCLUSION: Amplification of c-myc is found more frequently in advanced stages of oesophageal SCC than in early stages. C-myc amplification, however, does not influence the overall survival of oesophageal SCC patients treated either by surgery alone or by multimodal therapy.
Adult↗