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Mark J Kransdorf

Publications and source records attributed to Mark J Kransdorf.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Benign fatty tumors: classification, clinical course, imaging appearance, and treatment.

Lipoma is the most common soft-tissue tumor, with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations and imaging appearances. Several subtypes are described, ranging from lesions entirely composed of mature adipose tissue to tumors intimately associated with nonadipose tissue, to those composed of brown fat. The imaging appearance of these fatty masses is frequently sufficiently characteristic to allow a specific diagnosis. However, in other cases, although a specific diagnosis is not achievable, a meaningful limited differential diagnosis can be established. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the spectrum of benign fatty tumors highlighting the current classification system, clinical presentation and behavior, spectrum of imaging appearances, and treatment. The imaging review emphasizes computed tomography (CT) scanning and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, differentiating radiologic features.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2006

Surgical planning of total hip arthroplasty: accuracy of computer-assisted EndoMap software in predicting component size.

PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to assess the accuracy of a computer-assisted templating in the surgical planning of patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty utilizing EndoMap software (Siemans AG, Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany). Endomap Software is an electronic program that uses DICOM images to analyze standard anteroposterior radiographs for determination of optimal prosthesis component size. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the preoperative radiographs of 36 patients undergoing uncomplicated primary total hip arthroplasty, utilizing EndoMap software, Version VA20. DICOM anteroposterior radiographs were analyzed using standard manufacturer supplied electronic templates to determine acetabular and femoral component sizes. No additional clinical information was reviewed. Acetabular and femoral component sizes were assessed by an orthopedic surgeon and two radiologists. Mean and estimated component size was compared with component size as documented in operative reports. RESULTS: The mean estimated acetabular component size was 53 mm (range 48-60 mm), 1 mm larger than the mean implanted size of 52 mm (range 48-62 mm). Thirty-one of 36 acetabular component sizes (86%) were accurate within one size. The mean calculated femoral component size was 4 (range 2-7), 1 size smaller than the actual mean component size of 5 (range 2-9). Twenty-six of 36 femoral component sizes (72%) were accurate within one size, and accurate within two sizes in all but four cases (94%). CONCLUSION: EndoMap Software predicted femoral component size well, with 72% within one component size of that used, and 94% within two sizes. Acetabular component size was predicted slightly better with 86% within one component size and 94% within two component sizes.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip↗
PubMed2006

Computed tomography analysis of acetabular anteversion and abduction.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to define the normal range of acetabular abduction and anteversion in relation to pelvic anatomy as depicted on conventional CT scan. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 100 pelvic CT scans performed on patients presenting for evaluation of non-orthopaedic pathology. The study group consisted of 58 women and 42 men, aged between 18 and 88 years. Standard imaging protocol included an anteroposterior (AP) topogram with contiguous 5-mm thick axial images from the superior margin of the iliac crest to the lesser trochanter of the femur. The acetabular abduction was measured from the AP topogram by obtaining the angle between a line drawn from the acetabular teardrop to the lateral acetabular margin and a horizontal line between the ischial tuberosities. Acetabular anteversion was measured on axial images at the level of the mid-femoral head. RESULTS: We found the mean acetabular abduction to be 39 degrees (standard deviation 4 degrees, range 27 to 51 degrees) and the mean acetabular anteversion to be 23 degrees (standard deviation 5 degrees, range 12 to 39 degrees). Data suggests that acetabular anteversion may average 2.7 degrees lower in males than females and increase slightly with age, while abduction may tend to decrease with age. Ninety percent of patients had acetabular abduction between 31 and 46 degrees; the 90% central range for acetabular anteversion was estimated to be from 14 to 31 degrees. CONCLUSION: CT scanning is useful in accurately defining the normal range of acetabular abduction and antiversion. Knowledge of this normal anatomy will allow accurate assessment of acetabular component position as delineated on conventional CT scanning.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed2006

Bone graft materials and synthetic substitutes.

Bone graft materials quickly are becoming a vital tool in reconstructive orthopedic surgery and demonstrate considerable variability in their imaging appearance. Functions of bone graft materials include promoting osseous ingrowth and bone healing, providing a structural substrate for these processes, and serving as a vehicle for direct antibiotic delivery. The three primary types of bone graft materials are allografts, autografts, and synthetic bone graft substitutes.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed2006

Soft tissue tumors: post-treatment imaging.

As the radiologic evaluation of soft tissue masses has changed dramatically with the advent of MR imaging, the effect of MR imaging is even more striking in the assessment of patients after treatment. In cases of local tumor recurrence, MR imaging has become the standard of care. Using a few basic principles, even small local recurrences can be detected accurately, and recurrence can be distinguished from postoperative or post-treatment change. This review presents a fundamental approach to the evaluation of patients, following treatment for soft tissue tumors and highlighting MR imaging.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

MRI appearance of myocutaneous flaps commonly used in orthopedic reconstructive surgery.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to describe the MRI appearance of myocutaneous flaps and to determine whether postoperative radiation therapy affects imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 30 myocutaneous flaps in 27 patients (n = 165 examinations; mean, 6.1 examinations per patient). Examinations were analyzed for flap type, location, degree of atrophy, signal intensity, and enhancement. RESULTS: Sixty-three percent (19/30) of the flaps developed high T1-weighted signal (mean, 15 months); 83% (25/30) developed high T2-weighted signal (mean, 10 months). This occurred sooner in those patients with postoperative radiation therapy (9 vs 12 months). T2-weighted signal returned to baseline in 32% (8/25) of the flaps (mean, 21 months); this occurred sooner in flaps not exposed to postoperative radiation (10 months vs 38 months). Seventy-one percent (20/28) of the flaps enhanced greater than the background musculature. Enhancement was seen more frequently in patients treated with postoperative radiation therapy than those not treated with radiation (83% vs 63%). All flaps atrophied; however, the two functional latissimus dorsi flaps atrophied less. Although increased T2-weighted signal and enhancement were seen in flaps after postoperative radiation therapy as compared with those without, this was not significant (p = 0.35 and p = 0.40, respectively). CONCLUSION: Myocutaneous flaps used in orthopedic reconstructive surgery typically show increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images and contrast enhancement initially, followed by some degree of atrophy and increased signal intensity on T1-weighted images. Postoperative radiation therapy may increase the likelihood that the flap will exhibit increased T2-weighted signal and enhancement.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Principles of tumor imaging.

Tumors involving the upper extremity are not uncommon. Although there is a wide variety of lesions that may occur in the hand and wrist, there are certain lesions which have a predilection for this location. This chapter will highlight the spectrum of imaging modalities available for the evaluation of upper extremity tumors, providing imaging guidelines for optimum selection of radiological examinations. It presents an overview of imaging of the hand and wrist, emphasizing the fundamental principles inherent to tumor imaging. Modalities reviewed include nuclear scintigraphy, positron emission tomography, sonography, computed tomography, arteriography, magnetic resonance imaging, and magnetic resonance angiography.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2005

Rosai-Dorfman disease presenting as multiple soft tissue masses.

Rosai-Dorfman disease is a rare clinical disorder which may present in many forms. While classically a disease of lymph nodes, soft tissue involvement is fairly common. Soft tissue involvement can occur without any lymphatic or systemic involvement, and may be difficult to diagnose. We describe a patient presenting with multiple soft tissue masses which on biopsy proved to be isolated cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease. MR imaging showed two well-defined nonspecific superficial masses that enhanced intensely. Review of the literature suggests that when this disease presents in soft tissue, multiple foci of involvement may be common. Although rare, Rosai-Dorfman disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with multiple soft tissue masses.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

MR imaging of tumors and tumor-like lesions of the hip.

In conclusion, a wide variety of tumors and tumor-like conditions have a predilection for the hip. The imaging evaluation of these lesions begins with radiographs. Radiographs can depict the extent of disease; any characteristic calcifications; and osseous changes, such as remodeling,periosteal reaction, or destruction. MR imaging has emerged as the preferred imaging modality of choice for evaluating osseous and soft tissue masses of the hip by providing information for diagnosis and staging. The MR imaging signal characteristics and enhancement patterns of malignant and benign hip tumors permit specific diagnoses in some cases. Synovial-based tumor-like processes of the hip can be characterized by MR signal characteristics, such as the hemosiderin within PVNS or the cartilage within synovial chondromatosis. Finally, MR imaging can serve to exclude underlying osseous or soft tissue tumors when radiographs display aggressive features of tumor-like processes.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2005

Eosinophilic fasciitis: spectrum of MRI findings.

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to describe the spectrum of MRI features of eosinophilic fasciitis. CONCLUSION: MRI findings in eosinophilic fasciitis are characteristic and consist of abnormal fascial signal intensity and enhancement, both of which are directly proportional to disease activity. MRI provides a useful aid for diagnosis and a marker for disease activity and response to treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Principles of bone and soft tissue imaging.

Tumors involving the upper extremity are common. Although there are a wide variety of lesions that may occur in the hand and wrist, certain lesions have a predilection for this location. This article highlights the spectrum of imaging modalities available for the evaluation of upper extremity tumors, providing guidelines for optimum selection of radiologic examinations while emphasizing the fundamental principles inherent to tumor imaging.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

Cysts, geodes, and erosions.

Subchondral cystic lesions are common features that are associated with many arthropathies and synovial-based processes. Although not comprehensive in scope, this article correlated the pathophysiology and imaging features of several of these disorders to better understand the associated subchondral lucencies. The imaging features of these subchondral cystic lesions were described in each process, and, in some cases, demonstrated overlapping features. By becoming familiar with the disease processes and recognizing the imaging appearances and associated clinical findings, the radiologist will be better able to differentiate these benign entities from more aggressive processes, such as tumor. Subchondral cystic lesions are common features that are associated with many arthropathies and synovial-based processes. Although not comprehensive in scope, this article correlated the pathophysiology and imaging features of several of these disorders to better understand the associated subchondral lucencies. The imaging features of these subchondral cystic lesions were described in each process, and, in some cases, demonstrated overlapping features. By becoming familiar with the disease processes and recognizing the imaging appearances and associated clinical findings, the radiologist will be better able to differentiate these benign entities from more aggressive processes, such as tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Imaging characteristics of cherubism.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to describe the radiographic and imaging features of cherubism. CONCLUSION: Cherubism is a rare osseous disorder of children and adolescents. Although the radiologic characteristics of cherubism are not pathognomonic, the diagnosis is strongly suggested by bilateral relatively symmetric jaw involvement that is limited to the maxilla and mandible. Imaging typically shows expansile remodeling of the involved bones, thinning of the cortexes, and multilocular radiolucencies with a coarse trabecular pattern.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Malignant fatty tumors: classification, clinical course, imaging appearance and treatment.

Liposarcoma is a relatively common soft tissue malignancy with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations and imaging appearances. Several subtypes are described, ranging from lesions nearly entirely composed of mature adipose tissue, to tumors with very sparse adipose elements. The imaging appearance of these fatty masses is frequently sufficiently characteristic to allow a specific diagnosis, while in other cases, although a specific diagnosis is not achievable, a meaningful limited differential diagnosis can be established. The purpose of this paper is to review the spectrum of malignant fatty tumors, highlighting the current classification system, clinical presentation and behavior, treatment and spectrum of imaging appearances. The imaging review will emphasize CT scanning and MR imaging, and will stress differentiating radiologic features.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

Postgraduate musculoskeletal fellowship training in the United States: current trends and future direction.

OBJECTIVE: To document current postgraduate musculoskeletal training program (accredited and unaccredited) curricula and approaches to education. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: Questionnaires were sent to all musculoskeletal training programs. Responses regarding radiology residency and fellowship program sizes, types of imaging and invasive procedures included, and other program parameters were solicited. Features of accredited and unaccredited programs were compared. Teaching approaches, including the use of web-based or distance learning were evaluated. RESULTS: Twenty-nine (73%) of 40 musculoskeletal programs responded to the questionnaire. Twenty-eight percent of programs were accredited and 72% unaccredited. Radiology residencies were also present at all responding institutions (the majority had a class size of 4-8/year). Residency programs in related specialties included pathology 96%, orthopedics and rheumatology 90%, oncology 83% and pain management 69%. The majority (93-100%) provided training in radiography, MRI and CT. Spine MRI was included in 69% of programs, ultrasonography in 62% and positron emission tomography in 24%. Arthrography and diagnostic and therapeutic injections (100%) were included in all programs. Other invasive procedures, including spine and radiofrequency ablation, were offered less frequently. Teaching approaches included conferences (100%), journal clubs (62%), multidisciplinary conferences (45-90%), web-based learning (30%) and distance learning (7%). Forty-one percent of programs offered off-site rotations. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of musculoskeletal training programs prepared trainees for private or academic practice. There are inconsistencies that could be improved to better prepare trainees for careers in musculoskeletal imaging.

Accreditation↗