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Biomedical subjects

Margaret Campbell

Publications and source records attributed to Margaret Campbell.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Can sutures get wet? Prospective randomised controlled trial of wound management in general practice.

OBJECTIVE: To compare standard management of keeping wounds dry and covered with allowing wounds to be uncovered and wet in the first 48 hours after minor skin excision. DESIGN: Prospective, randomised controlled, multicentre trial testing for equivalence of infection rates. SETTING: Primary care in regional centre, Queensland, Australia. PARTICIPANTS: 857 patients randomised to either keep their wound dry and covered (n = 442) or remove the dressing and wet the wound (n = 415). RESULTS: The incidence of infection in the intervention group (8.4%) was not inferior to the incidence in the control group (8.9%) (P < 0.05). The one sided 95% confidence interval for the difference of infection rates was infinity to 0.028. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that wounds can be uncovered and allowed to get wet in the first 48 hours after minor skin excision without increasing the incidence of infection.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Developing and systematically implementing participatory action research.

Participatory Action Research (PAR) is a collaborative approach to conducting research that recently emerged as a paradigm for bridging science and clinical practice. The key characteristic of this approach--collaboration between consumers and researchers--often increases the relevance of research while maintaining the standards of scientific rigor. Although PAR is receiving increased attention from researchers and consumers in social science and public health, it has not been implemented widely. Some of the reasons for a limited application of PAR in the field include lack of knowledge about PAR and strategies for its implementation. This article defines PAR, provides an overview of the characteristics of this approach, and discusses 4 elements for systematic incorporation of the PAR approach into the research process. The elements are (1) participant selection and recruitment, (2) role and relationship clarification for researchers and participants, (3) research team education, and (4) management and support.

Community Participation↗
PubMed2003

Nicardipine to control neonatal hypertension during extracorporeal membrane oxygen support.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical course of a newborn (gestational age 38 wk, 6 d) administered intravenous nicardipine to control hypertension while on extracorporeal membrane oxygen (ECMO) support. SETTING: Urban, university teaching hospital. CASE SUMMARY: A 1-day-old male neonate presenting with a left congenital diaphragmatic hernia developed a sustained elevation in blood pressure following a change of ECMO tubing. After several unsuccessful treatment regimens, nicardipine was started at a rate of 0.5 micro g/kg/min and aggressively titrated to 1.5 micro g/kg/min. Nicardipine produced a sustained antihypertensive effect that was noticed 8 hours after the start of the infusion. The infusion was continued through postoperative day 2. Following a second circuit change, nicardipine was discontinued and sodium nitroprusside therapy was started. Treatment with nitroprusside failed to lower the blood pressure. DISCUSSION: Nicardipine is an effective antihypertensive agent for neonates receiving ECMO therapy. However, the expanded volume of distribution caused by the ECMO circuit may result in a reduced serum concentration and a reduced antihypertensive effect. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend a conservative initial dose of nicardipine of 0.5 micro g/kg/min that is aggressively titrated to reduce blood pressure effectively in neonates receiving ECMO therapy.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed2002

Prevalence of influenza immunisation in Australia and suggestions for future targeting of campaigns.

OBJECTIVES: Reports on the results of a national survey conducted in Australia, in 2000. The objectives were to determine national estimates of influenza vaccination coverage for each state and territory of Australia, to obtain information related to attitudes towards and influences on immunisation decisions and explain the factors involved with failure to immunise. METHOD: The survey was conducted using the Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) system. The overall participation rate for the survey was 88.6% and the final number of completed interviews across Australia was n = 10,505. RESULTS: Two target groups, those aged 65 years and over and those "at risk" of influenza aged between 40 and 64 years were defined. The overall immunisation rates in these two groups were 74% and 32% resp. The rate of immunisation among females generally exceeded that of males. A multivariate model provided the best joint set of explanatory variables for not getting immunised. These include sex, income, general practitioner recommendation, and general perceptions regarding the influenza injection. CONCLUSION: This study identified important issues in the decisions of people to immunise. It also highlighted the need to target the findings in effective immunisation policies and strategies to improve health outcomes for those at risk of adverse influenza events.

Adult↗