Biomedical subjects

Makoto Satoh

Publications and source records attributed to Makoto Satoh.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

Health-related quality of life after radical prostatectomy in Japanese men with localized prostate cancer.

PURPOSE: We evaluated retrospectively health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after radical prostatectomy (RP) in Japanese men with localized prostate cancer. METHODS: The study was based on self-reported HRQOL of 280 patients. Patients were divided into seven groups: time 0 (T0), baseline before operation; T1, 1-3 months after RP; T2, 4-6 months after RP; T3, 7-12 months after RP; T4, 13-24 months after RP; T5, 25-36 months after RP; and T6, more than 36 months after RP. We measured the general and disease-specific HRQOL using the RAND 36-item Health Survey 1.0 (SF-36) and the University of California, Los Angeles Prostate Cancer Index (UCLA PCI). RESULTS: The general HRQOL of the postoperative groups was assessed by SF-36. The postoperative groups showed almost the same or higher scores than those of the baseline group. Urinary function scores decreased substantially after surgery. In contrast, there was no difference in urinary bother between the baseline and postoperative groups. Sexual function deteriorated substantially in all postoperative groups. Similarly, the sexual bother score significantly deteriorated after RP. The sexual bother score of men aged 65-years or younger was significantly worse than that of their counterparts in the T1-2 groups. CONCLUSION: Despite reports of problems with sexual activity and urinary continence, general HRQOL was mostly unaffected by RP. Although there was a substantial decrease in urinary function, recovery from urinary bother was rapid. Since the deterioration of sexual function was marked through the postoperative period, careful attention should be paid to this issue during preoperative counseling, especially for younger patients.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

Urethral recurrence following neobladder in bladder cancer patients.

Risk factors of urethral recurrence after neobladder in bladder cancer patients were studied. Between 1977 and 2001, 73 patients (male 58, female 15) underwent neobladder as a treatment for bladder cancer. The observation time after cystectomy ranged from 2 to 254 months (median 60.5). Ten (17.2%) of 58 male patients had urethral recurrence and of the 10, 8 patients had multiple bladder cancers including bladder neck. Urethral recurrence was found by macrohematuria, follow-up cystourethroscopy, and inguinal lymph node swelling. Only one who complained of macrohematuria had positive urinary cytology. Of 58 male patients, 5 underwent total nephroureterectomy for renal pelvic or ureteral cancer before radical cystectomy, and 3 of the 5 had urethral recurrence. Two of 10 patients with urethral recurrence died with cancer, and they had renal pelvic or ureteral cancer. The five-year cause specific survival was 83% for patients with urethral recurrence, and 79% for those without urethral recurrence, respectively. Urethral recurrence did not have a significant effect on survival. The patients with multiple bladder cancers including bladder neck, and renal pelvic or ureteral cancer before radical cystectomy, have high risks for urethral recurrence. Urinary cytology has limited value for the detection of urethral recurrence.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

Ganglioside G(M3) overexpression induces apoptosis and reduces malignant potential in murine bladder cancer.

We demonstrated previously (S. Kawamura et al., Int. J. Cancer, 94: 343-347, 2001) that large amounts of ganglioside G(M3) accumulate in superficial bladder tumor, compared with invasive bladder tumors and that exogenous G(M3) inhibits the invasive potential of bladder tumor cells. To apply the G(M3) overexpression system to bladder tumor therapy, direct evidence for the important role of G(M3) in bladder tumor invasion must be obtained through transfer of the gene responsible for G(M3) overexpression. To determine the most appropriate cancer cell line for elucidating the antitumor effect of ganglioside G(M3) overexpression, the present study examined glycolipid composition, enzyme activity, and mRNA expression of the glycosyltransferases responsible for G(M3) synthesis in the bladder tumor cell lines KK-47, J82, MGH-UI, YTS-1, and MBT-2. A murine bladder carcinoma cell line (MBT-2) was transfected with a G(M3) synthase [(lactosylceramide alpha2,3-N-acetyl sialic acid transferase); sialyltransferase-I; SAT-I] cDNA, because this line does not naturally express G(M3). Stable transfectants (MBT-2-SAT-I) that overexpressed G(M3) were characterized by a reduced potential for cell proliferation, motility, invasion, and xenograft tumor growth, and an increase in the number of apoptotic cells. In the proportion of synthetic S phase, cells did not differ between MBT-2-SAT-I and mock-transfectant cells. These results suggest that the decreased proliferative potential related to G(M3) overexpression was attributable to the increased number of apoptotic cells. Although details of the mechanism of apoptosis remain unclear, the overexpression of G(M3) by gene transfer of SAT-I may present a novel therapeutic modality.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Sialosyl-Le(x) expression defines invasive and metastatic properties of bladder carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Two types of transitional bladder carcinoma have been distinguished based on macroscopic morphology: type A papillary carcinomas, with papillomatous surface outgrowth without infiltration into muscular layer, and type B nodular carcinomas, with a nonpapillomatous surface appearance, most of which display infiltrative growth through muscular layer, and some of which display lymphatic or blood-borne metastasis. However, there is no specific predictor at early stages for later invasive and metastatic clinical outcome of patients with type B tumors. METHODS: The study included 1) glycosphingolipid (GSL) composition of type A and B tumors; 2) histologic and immunohistologic patterns of nodular (type B) bladder carcinoma from 44 patients based on a special sampling procedure termed whole-layer core biopsy (WLCB) using the antisialosyl-Le(x) (anti-SLe(x); SLe(x): NeuAcalpha3Galbeta4[Fucalpha3]GlcNAcbeta3Galbeta4GlcCer) SNH3 antibody or other antibodies; 3) comparison of the incidence of metastasis in patients with SNH3 positive versus SNH3 negative primary tumors and of 5-year survival curves; 4) comparison of bladder carcinoma cell lines from tumors with high versus low malignancy in terms of expression patterns of SLe(x), SLe(a), and other carbohydrates, E-selectin dependent adhesion, and transcript levels of five fucosyltransferases. RESULTS: Anti-SLe(x) monoclonal antibody (mAb) SNH3 staining of WLCB samples from 44 type B tumors showed that the majority of tumors (n = 31 patients) were SNH3 positive and the minority (n = 13 patients) were SNH3 negative. SNH3 positive patients had more lymph node or blood-borne metastasis and lower 5-year and 7-year survival rates, as indicated by Kaplan-Meier curves (P = 0.001). Staining of samples with other antibodies, including FH6 and CA19-9, was not correlated with long-term survival. Determination of GSL composition in extracts showed that SLe(x) ganglioside was present in all three patients with nodular tumors but absent in all three patients with papillary tumors tested. Bladder carcinoma cell lines from invasive tumors that maintained their metastatic properties were SNH3 positive, showed high levels of alpha1,3-fucosyltransferase VI (FT-VI) and FT-VII, and displayed E-selectin dependent adhesion. Cell lines from noninvasive tumors or normal bladder epithelia were negative for SNH3 reactivity, FT-VI, and FT-VII, and E-selectin dependent adhesion. CONCLUSIONS: SLe(x) expression in primary bladder carcinoma, defined by the mAb SNH3, is a predictor of invasive and metastatic outcome. No other carbohydrate epitope examined to date has equal prognostic value.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed2002

Distribution of alpha-1 adrenoceptor subtypes in RNA and protein in rabbit eyes.

We investigated subtypes of alpha-1 adrenoceptor (AR) in rabbit ocular tissues using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT - PCR), in situ hybridization (ISH) and binding studies. Competitive RT - PCR assays specific for the subtypes of alpha-1 AR revealed that the mRNA expression of alpha-1a AR was dominant, and that of each alpha-1b and alpha-1d was less than 10% and 0.5% of total alpha-1 ARs mRNA, respectively, in the iris, ciliary body, choroid and retina. In alpha-1a AR splice isoform-specific RT - PCR assays, we found a distinct proportion of each isoform mRNA in the iris, ciliary body and choroid. The results of the ISH assays for alpha-1a AR subtype showed that hybridization signals were clearly observed in the iris dilator muscle and in the epithelium of the ciliary processes. In binding studies, alpha-1A AR was a dominant subtype in the iris, choroid and retina in contrast to the ciliary body that had more alpha-1B than alpha-1A AR subtype at protein level.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗

PubMed2002

Pulmonary diffusion capacity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to clarify the characteristics of pulmonary function tests (PFT), especially carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO), and their correlation with clinical features and immunological findings in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODOLOGY: Vital capacity (VC) and DLCO were analysed retrospectively in 110 sequential Japanese SLE patients with active disease between 1985 and 1999. In 38 patients, serial measurements of PFT were also assessed during high-dose corticosteroid therapy. RESULTS: DLCO was reduced in 52 patients (47%) and a restrictive impairment of PFT was observed in nine patients (8%). The prevalence of pulmonary fibrosis was 13%. Reduced DLCO was frequently observed, even in patients with neither pulmonary fibrosis nor a restrictive pattern. No correlation between immunological data and reduced DLCO was found, except for the presence of anti-RNP. Patients with Raynaud's phenomenon showed a higher prevalence of DLCO impairment than those without this phenomenon. Although immunological parameters improved significantly after the corticosteroid therapy, no significant change in the level of DLCO was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Impairment of DLCO was frequently observed in patients with SLE who had no clinical respiratory abnormalities. DLCO impairments were correlated with Raynaud's phenomenon clinically, and the presence of anti-RNP immunologically. No significant correlation was found between impairment of DLCO and disease activity of SLE.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Adrenal metastasis from renal cell carcinoma: significance of adrenalectomy.

BACKGROUND: The present study examined adrenal metastasis resulting from renal cell carcinoma (RCC), with the aim of assessing the need for routine ipsilateral adrenalectomy during radical nephrectomy. METHODS: Ipsilateral and contralateral adrenal metastases were investigated in 256 patients with RCC who had undergone radical nephrectomy from 1977 to 1996 at the Tohoku University School of Medicine. RESULTS: Twelve of the 256 patients (4.7%) had adrenal metastasis. Ten of these 12 patients had progressed to disseminated disease with very poor prognosis. Two patients who had solitary adrenal metastases remained disease-free for 21 and 7 years. Four patients showed metastases to the contralateral adrenal gland. Adrenal metastases in seven of 12 patients were identified by pre- or postoperative computed tomography (CT), and in another five macroscopically during surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Adrenalectomy was regarded as a possible curative treatment for patients with solitary adrenal metastasis. However, the incidence of this kind of metastasis was minimal and contralateral adrenal metastases may occur in RCC cases. We therefore believe that adrenalectomy should only be performed if radiographic evidence reveals metastases in the adrenal gland or if gross disease is present at the time of nephrectomy.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗

PubMed2002

Bilateral testicular tumors: a report of nine cases with long-term follow-up.

BACKGROUND: The incidence and clinical features of bilateral germ cell testicular tumor (GCTT) in the Japanese population are not fully characterized. We examined the incidence, clinical features, management and outcome, sexual status, hormonal environment, implication of androgen replacement, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing of bilateral GCTT. METHODS: We treated nine consecutive patients with bilateral GCTT from 1980 through to 1999, and reviewed their hospital and clinic charts. Testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate were measured in bilateral orchiectomized patients. Human leukocyte antigen typing was assessed with peripheral lymphocyte. RESULTS: The incidence of bilateral GCTT against the total number of patients with GCTT was 9/274 (3.3%). The median age of the first tumor was 29 (range 21-75) years. Three cases were synchronous and the remaining six cases were metachronous. In the case of metachronous tumor, the median interval between first and contralateral tumor was 8 (range 2-25) years. Standard treatment was defined as surveillance policy in stage I, chemotherapy for higher stages of non-seminoma, and radiotherapy for stage II seminoma. Human leukocyte antigen typing was examined for seven cases. Five cases were positive for HLA-A24. The incidence of HLA-A24 in bilateral GCTT was identical to that of the Japanese population. The relapsing incidence of stage I disease with surveillance policy was almost identical to unilateral GCTT. A 74-year-old patient with stage II seminoma died of the disease at 1.3 years. The other eight patients remained well without any evidence of recurrence at a median follow-up period of 78 (range 12-204) months. Four patients with bilateral orchiectomy did not require androgen replacement without easy fatigability. Sexual status was conserved using androgen replacement. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term follow-up, as long as 25 years, is recommended for contralateral relapse. Some patients with bilateral orchiectomy do not require androgen replacement. The significance of HLA-A24 for bilateral testicular tumor is equivocal in the Japanese population.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Gamma-knife radiosurgery for brain metastasis of renal cell carcinoma: results in 42 patients.

BACKGROUND: The present study provides data from clinical experience with gamma-knife radiosurgery (GK) in patients with brain metastasis from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and shows the value of this less invasive treatment modality. METHODS: Forty-two patients received GK. Twenty of the 42 cases had multiple brain metastases. Extracranial metastases were observed in the lung (38 cases), bone (12 cases), liver (9 cases), lymph node (5 cases) and skin (6 cases). RESULTS: Neurological symptoms seen in 40 patients were rapidly improved after GK in 32 patients (80%). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation after GK in 32 patients showed the disappearance of brain tumor in 9 patients (28%). Complete response was obtained by GK in tumors up to 30 mm in diameter. Repeated GK for newly developed lesions was conducted in 11 patients. Extracranial tumor resection was conducted in 7 cases (lung: 3, skin: 2, liver: 1, adrenal: 1). Chemo-radiotherapy or immunotherapy was effective in 8 cases (lung: 5, liver: 2, bone: 1). The actual one-, two- and three-year survival rates were 44.9%, 16.8%, and 11.2%, respectively. The median survival time was 12.5 months. In univariate analysis, the patients with successfully treated extracranial metastases had significantly better prognosis. In multivariate analysis, the patients with Karnofsky performance scale (KPS) > or = 80%, who were treated by GK more than once and obtained complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) by GK, had significantly better prognosis. CONCLUSION: Gamma-knife radiosurgery for RCC is an effective non-invasive modality of treatment. It offers a high local control rate and an improved quality of life and survival rate.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

[A case of interstitial pneumonia exacerbated by kampo-induced pneumonitis].

A 65-year-old woman who had complained of non-productive cough since May 1998 visited our hospital on November 5, 2000. She had been treated at another hospital with Kampo (Chinese herbal medicine), including Moku-boui-to, Bakumon-do-to, and Saiko-keishi-kankyo-to for chronic non-productive cough. Chest radiographs and CT films showed the reticular shadows that had been present in 1998, in both lower lung fields, and also demonstrated new reticular shadows in the right upper lung field and left lingular segment. Laboratory data revealed hypoxemia and pulmonary function tests revealed restrictive ventilatory disturbance, so she was admitted to our hospital on November 9, 2000. After the cessation of Kampo treatment, her symptoms disappeared, and the hypoxemia, restrictive disturbance, and reticular shadows in the chest radiograph gradually improved. Video-assisted lung biopsy specimens showed thickened alveolar walls with lymphocyte and eosinophil infiltration. A leukocyte migration test was positive for Moku-boui-to, Bakumon-do-to, and weakly positive for Saiko-keishi-kankyo-to. Although no challenge test for Kampo was performed, we diagnosed this case as interstitial pneumonia exacerbated Kampo-induced pneumonitis based on these clinical, laboratory and histological findings.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

[Low-dose cisplatin and UFT for hormone refractory prostate cancer].

OBJECTIVES: Biochemical modulation (BM) was initially used to enhance the effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by modulating its pharmacological action with the addition of other drugs. BM with low-dose cisplatin and 5-FU or UFT has been examined in cases of advanced gastric or pancreas cancer and 30 to 40% response rates have been reported. In the present study, the effect of BM on hormone refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) patients was examined. METHODS: BM consisting of 5 mg/body of cisplatin 3 times per week and 300-450 mg of UFT/day was given to 30 HRPC patients (median and range of age: 66 and 52-72, respectively). The ECOG performance status was 0 to 1. Gleason score was 7 in 8 patients, 8 in 10 patients and 9 in 12 patients, respectively. The metastatic site was bone in 29 patients (extent of disease on bone scan [EOD] grade 1: 10, 2: 10, 3: 8, 4: 1), lymph node in 8 and liver in 1. RESULTS: Among the 29 patients assessable for bone metastasis, 5 (17%) obtained marked improvement on bone scan. One was EOD grade 4 (super bone scan) and 4 were EOD grade 1-3. Eight (28%) were stable and 16 (55%) progressed on bone scan. Among 8 patients with lymph node metastasis, 4 (50%) showed partial response and 4 (50%) progression. One patient with liver metastasis showed complete response. Fourteen (47%) out of 30 patients showed a PSA decline of 50% or greater. Their median response duration was 8 months (range; 2 to 44 months). Among the 25 patients assessable for bone pain, 7 (28%) improved, 12 (48%) remained stable and 6 (24%) progressed. A side effect of Grade II anemia was seen in one patient. CONCLUSION: BM is effective in almost half of hormone refractory prostate cancer patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical significance of ST3Gal IV expression in human renal cell carcinoma.

Alteration of sialyltransferase expression has been implicated in carcinogenesis. Out of sialyltransferases cloned to date, we focused on ST3Gal IV expression in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Levels of ST3Gal IV mRNA were examined in human RCC in comparison with non-tumor kidney. ST3Gal IV cDNA obtained by polymerase chain reaction from cDNA library of human RCC cell line ACHN was identical to STZ in nucleotide sequence. Northern blot analysis was performed for 24 non-tumor kidney and 25 primary RCC tissues, and 5 metastases. ST3Gal IV mRNA level was decreased in 16 cases of 22 primary RCC tissues compared to 21 non-tumor kidney tissues. The mRNA level was low in 4 and equivocal in one, of 5 metastases. The 6 cases that possessed almost the same levels of ST3Gal IV mRNA in primary tumor tissues as those in non-tumor kidneys showed favorable prognoses, as assessed by Kaplan-Meier curve. These results indicate that down-regulation of ST3Gal IV mRNA may be one of the factors associated with the malignant progression of human RCC.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Immunostaining of stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 in intratubular germ cell neoplasia unclassified and in testicular germ-cell tumors.

Stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 (SSEA-4) is expressed in testicular germ-cell tumors (GCT) according to studies using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) immunostaining. To further understand the relationship between SSEA-4 and the histogenesis of testicular GCT, we examined the expression of SSEA-4 in 43 samples of testicular GCT either by immunohistochemical staining or by TLC immunostaining. Immunohistochemical staining detected SSEA-4 in spermatogonia from the non-tumor parts of the testis and in all of 8 samples of intratubular germ cell neoplasia unclassified (IGCNU). Immunohistochemical staining was SSEA-4 positive in all 9 seminomas, and in one yolk sac tumor and in 5 embryonal carcinomas among 9 non-seminomas. Immunostaining with TLC showed that SSEA-4 was retained in 15 of 16 seminomas and in 4 of 8 non-seminomas. These results demonstrate an antigenic link between spermatogonia, IGCNU, and testicular GCT. We suggest that SSEA-4 is associated with the histogenesis of testicular GCT.

Adult↗