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Biomedical subjects

M Ziegler

Publications and source records attributed to M Ziegler.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

The glucagon/glucagon-like immunoreactivities in neurons of the human brain.

Using indirect immunofluorescence and Sternberger's PAP techniques on Bouin-fixed paraffin sections it was possible to show a glucagon/glucagon-like immunoreactivity in the following sites of the human brain: the Lamina V pyramidal cells of the Neocortex, the various neurons of the Hippocampus and Corpus amygdaloideum, the perikarya of neurons in the Nucleus ventromedialis and Nucleus infundibularis (arcuatus), the Nucleus ambiguus and the numerous granular cells of the cerebellar cortex. It was also possible with both techniques to find a similar distribution of the peptide hormones in the perikarya and the proximal parts of the neuronal extensions. Appropriate controls were used to confirm the results. Simultaneously, tissue specimens from the same brain regions were investigated for glucagon by radioimmunoassay. The glucagon content of nervous tissue was found to be much higher than the average glucagon concentration of blood plasma. The highest level of the polypeptide could be revealed for the Hypothalamus (up to 40 times higher than in blood plasma).

Brain Chemistry↗
PubMed1983

Correlates of changes in desired control scores and in life satisfaction scores among elderly persons.

This report describes the correlates of Life Satisfaction and Desired Control among seventy-nine elderly residents, with an average age of seventy-eight, of a partial-support apartment complex. The residents were assessed at three points in time: shortly after moving into the building, six months later, and after a total of eighteen months. Both Life Satisfaction and Desired Control (a measure of the extent to which a person reports control over desired outcomes) are intercorrelated and related to other indices of psychological well-being at all three points in time. Cross-lag correlations also indicate an enduring relationship between Life Satisfaction, Desired Control, Activity, and Rated Vitality. A residual regression analysis employing hierarchical procedures for evaluating significance of added variance yielded only one predictor of changes in Life Satisfaction: an initial measure of psychomotor speed. The residual regression analysis yielded one predictor of changes--[in Desired Control--initial activity level.]

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Insulin and C-peptide in human brain neurons (insulin/C-peptide/brain peptides/immunohistochemistry/radioimmunoassay).

The regional distribution and cellular localization of insulin and C-peptide immunoreactivities were studied in human cadaver brains using the indirect immunofluorescence method, the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique, and radioimmunoassay. Products of the immune reactions to both polypeptides were observed in most nerve cells in all areas of the brain examined. Immunostaining was mainly restricted to the cell soma and proximal dendrites. Radioimmunoassay revealed that human brain contains insulin and C-peptide in concentrations much higher than the blood, the highest being in the hypothalamus. These findings support the hypothesis that the "brain insulin" is--at least in part--produced in the CNS.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Dystonia--L-dopa responsive or juvenile parkinsonism?

Four cases of dystonia occurring in two families are reported. The first symptoms consisting of dystonia and rigidity appeared early in childhood, in the first months in one family and of ages two and five years respectively in the other. In two cases, transient tremor was noted. These four children have been treated with L-dopa with prompt spectacular results, in cases 1 and 2, with more gradual less complete results in the others. L-dopa treatment was continued twelve, eleven, six, and five years, respectively, without any developmental problems. Motor function remains satisfactory and school work is normal. The only secondary effect observed was the occurrence of dyskinesia. The relation between L-dopa responsive dystonia and Parkinson's disease is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Kinetics of elementary steps in the cytochrome P-450 reaction sequence. V. Laser temperature-jump investigation of the spin relaxation kinetics of cytochrome P-450 LM2.

The cytochrome P-450 LM2 spin state relaxation kinetics has been resolved by means of laser temperature-jump techniques. The first order rate constants amount to about 10(6) S-1 in the substrate-free and the substrate-bound protein, respectively. Evidence is provided that the spin equilibrium preequilibrates the P-450 reduction but is not rate-limiting. Additional capacitor discharge temperature-jump studies elucidate substrate dependent perturbations.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Concept of interdisciplinary procedures within the scope of traumatology--the status of urology].

Following criteria decide on the further life of patients with acute severe trauma: how fast injuries and their severity are recognized and following therapies are managed; prior conditions for a sufficient treatment of the acute trauma patient consist in a perfect organization and a good cooperation of all specialists. Important details of the therapeutic concept, divided in 5 or 6 phases are given. Furthermore special urological aspects in cases of multiple injuries are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[Renal hypertension - a threatening complication of blunt kidney injuries].

The therapeutic management of renal trauma is mainly determined by the type and grade of kidney damage. However, imminent complications of renal trauma should already be considered during the primary therapy. The posttraumatic development of the arterial blood pressure was analysed in 153 kidney injuries by a retrospective study during a period of 17 years. Posttraumatic high blood pressure was found in 17 of 86 cases (19.7%) being managed by conservative therapy, and most of them had a grade I-renal trauma (classification according to Hodges). On the contrary, those with a primary operative therapy i.e. when the kidney could be saved or had to be removed, did not show high blood pressure. The high frequency of late complications after conservative treatment of renal trauma supports the necessity of a more active therapy even in slightly damaged kidney.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Filamentous bacteria in activated sludge (bulking sludge). I. Occurrence of filamentous bacteria in a sewage treatment plant working with the activated sludge process (plug flow system)].

The occurrence of filamentous bacteria in activated sludge (bulking sludge) was investigated in the sewage treatment plant Berlin-Ruhleben. The studies were carried out in five periods from 26.10.1981 to 29.7.1982 (= 112 sampling days). It was noticed that filamentous bacteria appeared in the aeration tanks in different quantities and several kinds of species. With the identification key from Eikelboom Microthrix parvicella, Type 021 N and Type 0041 were frequently identified in all aeration tanks, whereas Type 0961 and Nocardia spec. were observed only in several aeration tanks. Haliscomenobacter hydrossis, Thiothrix spec., Type 0914, Type 1701, Type 1851 and Type 1852 appeared only sporadically. Besides the familiar filamentous bacteria another species was identified under the microscope which, however, could not be classified so far. The filaments are straight or slightly bent with a visible septation and long cylindrical cells. The species is Gram- and Neisser-negative and shows no deposition of sulfur granules.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1982

Insulin-like immunoreactivity in the human brain- A preliminary report.

The localization and regional distribution of insulin-like immunoreactivity (IRI) was studied in human brain autopsy material using the indirect immunofluorescence technique. A positive reaction for IRI could be observed in many neurons of the hypothalamus, the hippocampus, corpus amygdaloideum, medulla oblongata (especially within the nuclei of cranial nerves IX, X and XII), and the cerebral cortex, whereas the cerebellar cortex was lacking in immunohistochemically detectable insulin-like material. No nerve fibres containing polypeptides could be revealed. Additionally, the insulin content of various brain regions was estimated by radioimmunoassay. Insulin concentrations in human nervous tissue were found to be elevated in comparison to blood plasma levels.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

C-peptide immunoreactive neurons in human brain.

C-peptide/C-peptide-like immunoreactivity was shown to be present in the cytoplasm of the soma and the proximal part of apical dendrites of some pyramidal cells in the Neocortex (Gyrus precentralis) and Hippocampus of man. C-peptide (connecting peptide) is a metabolic product in insulin biosynthesis and its localization in neurons is a proof for extrapancreatic insulin production.

Brain Chemistry↗
PubMed1982

Insulin antibodies in juvenile diabetes mellitus. Correlations to diabetic stability, insulin requirement and duration of insulin treatment.

We investigated the plasma insulin binding patterns of 15 insulin-treated juvenile diabetics with a very low residual B-cell function. Determination of the insulin binding was performed after removal of therapeutic insulin. 125I-monoiodoinsulin was used and insulin binding was measured over a large range of insulin concentration. Insulin binding parameters were evaluated by Scatchard analysis of the binding data. Significantly elevated insulin binding was detected when the diabetic control was stable. These patients had a lower insulin requirement and low equilibrium dissociation constants of the high affinity antibodies. Furthermore, a strong negative correlation between the duration of insulin treatment and insulin binding could be demonstrated resulting from both decreasing antibody affinities and maximum binding capacities. We discuss the stabilizing effect of insulin antibodies on the metabolic character assuming that dissociating insulin-antibody complexes mimic a "basal insulin secretion" similar to pancreatic B-cells with residual functional capacity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Formation of islet cell monolayers from fetal human and neonatal rat pancreatic islets: protein biosynthesis, insulin secretion, and binding of islet cell antibodies.

The phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) has been used to promote monolayer formation in cultured islets isolated from fetal human or neonatal rat pancreas. Immunofluorescence with specific antiserum to insulin revealed B-cells in the outgrown monolayers. The rat islet cells were further characterized by their secretory and biosynthetic response to the action of IBMX. Both glucose-stimulated insulin release and recoverable insulin, i.e. intracellular insulin plus insulin secreted, were increased by the addition of IBMX (0.1 mmol/l) to the medium containing 10 mmol/l glucose. 3H-leucine incorporation into (pro)insulin was significantly higher following culture in 10 mmol/l glucose plus IBMX (0.1 and 1.0 mmol/l) than after cultivation with glucose alone. However, the percentage of (pro)insulin synthesized in relation to total protein synthesis was increased to a lesser extent after an acute incubation for 3 h at 1.5 mmol/l or in the absence of glucose. Moreover, the culture system employed in the present study proved to be useful for detecting islet cell antibodies bound to human as well as rat islet cells after exposure to islet cell antibody-positive sera.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
PubMed1982

Insulin release from mouse islets perifused with serum IgG from newly insulin-dependent diabetics.

In the present study we have investigated the effect of IgG isolated from sera of newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDD-IgG) on insulin release of column-perifused isolated mice islets of Langerhans in the presence and absence of guinea pig complement. The insulin release is highly significantly (p less than 0.01) increased by IDD-IgG as compared with normal serum IgG in the presence of untreated as well as heat-inactivated GPNS. However, complement exposure suppressed insulin release significantly (p less than 0.01) in each period of perifusion. After perifusion in the presence of complement the arginine-stimulated insulin secretion was 6 times lower than without complement exposure of perifused islets before.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[The role of gastrin in duodenal ulceration (author's transl)].

The role of gastrin as a cause of duodenal ulceration has been generally overestimated. The serum gastrin level cannot be used as a criterion for choosing either partial gastrectomy or non-resecting surgery. In the postoperative course the stimulated serum gastrin release differs significantly after selective proximal vagotomy plus pyloroplasty and without pyloroplasty. This fact demonstrates the influence of pyloroplasty on the serum gastrin concentration. In case of duodenal ulcer the stimulated serum gastrin test presents a reliable method to control the results obtained after performing a highly selective vagotomy. Compared with the Hollander-test it is without any complication however more efforts are required.

Adult↗