[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].
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Cytokines↗
Biomedical subjects
M Zhao
Publications and source records attributed to M Zhao.
[Idiopathic rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and small vessel vasculitis].
We analyzed the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with idiopathic rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (idiopathic RPGN), who had been hospitalized in recent three years. Five out of 8 patients with idiopathic RPGN were positive for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA), most of them showed pANCA by indirect immunofluorescence technique. Compared with those who were ANCA negative, ANCA positive patients had an elder onset age; most of them had fever, arthragia, myalgia, skin rash, and some patients also had deafness, eye and nasal disorders. ANCA positive patients had a positive CRP, elevated gammaglobulins and accelerated ESR (> 100 mm/1 h). Typical pathological findings for ANCA positive patients were focal segmental fibroid necrosis of the glomerular capillary tufts and diffuse crescents formation. After an intensive therapy, the renal functions of most ANCA positive patients were obviously improved and most of them became hemodialysis independent. The results suggested that idiopathic RPGN might be a renal limited form of small vessel vasculitis and the patients with idiopathic RPGN had a better prognosis. Early diagnosis and appropriate intensive therapy are critical for patients with idiopathic RPGN.
Adult↗
[Experimental and clinical study of distraction osteogenesis of the mandible].
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Animals↗
[The change of calcitonin gene-related peptide positive fibers in inflammatory pulps].
Deep cavities were prepared on rats' molars, and fresh carious dentin was enclosed in to establish animal pulpitis model. Immunohistochemical method was used to observe the distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) positive nerve fibers in rats' normal dental pulps and inflammatory pulps at 4d, 8d, 14d respectively. CGRP positive fibers were found throughout the normal pulps, a large number of fibers penetrated into dentinal tubules. In 4d group, CGRP positive fibers became denser and the number of fibers penetrating into dentinal tubules also increased. In 8d group, a necrotic zone could be found in the coronal pulps, lots of fibers accumulated around the necrotic zone. In the radical pulps, CGRP positive fibers formed multiple arborizations. 14d postinflammation, all the pulps were necrotic, and the periapexs were richly innervated by CGRP positive fibers. The results suggesting that CGRP may play a role in the inflammation and repair of dental pulp.
Animals↗
[Dormancy characteristic and inner inhibitory substances of fructus Schisandrae].
It has been found for the first time that there is quite a number inhibitory substances in the testa and kernel of dormant Fructus Schisandrae. Differences have alas been found between the inhibitor extracted from the testa and that from the kernel. The fromer is stronger in inhibiting the root elongatain of Brassica sp, whereas the latter is stonger in inhibiting the seeds germination. The result shows that the dormancy of Fructus Schisandrae the inhibitors contained in the testa and kernel.
Brassica↗
[Immunogenecity of expressed protein p68 from recombinant plasmid rpDJt in L. interrogans serovar lai].
There are two types of infection caused by pathogenic microorganisms, intracellular infection and intercellular infection. Infection of pathogenic leptospira is an intercellular infection. The immunological reaction of host to intercellular infection is unique. The potential immunogen of an expressed protein should meet three criteria: it can be degraded (by antigen-present cells in the host); it should have antigenic epitope which can be recognized by specific antibodies and have at least one epitope that can be recognized by an MHC II protein and T cell receptor. In this study we report the cloning of an L. interrogans protein in plasmid rpDJt and the immunogencity of the expressed protein derivative. A genomic library of L. interrogans serovar lai strain 017 was constructed with the plasmid vector pUC18. Recombinant plasmids, designated pDJH2 and pDJ8 were screened from the bank. EcoRI-inserted fragment of 1. 9 kb recombinant DNA of pDJH2 was ligated into T7 RNA polymerase/promoter vectors (pT7-7). Then they were transformed into E. coli JM109 (De3), one of subclones, designated rpDJt was achieved. SDS-PAGE showed that the molecular weights of expression proteins were 68 kd and 23 kd respectively, designated p68 and p23. Purifying and isolating p68 and p23, we separated them from SDS-Polyacrylamide gels by using Side-Strip method. After fragmenting and electroeluting, p68 and p23 were injected into guinea pigs and rabbits. An extremely strong immune response to p68 was obtained since an anti-p68 antibody response could be detected to a dilution 1:524,288 (guinea pigs) and 1:262,144 (rabbits) by ELISA while anti-P23 antibody being 1:1024 (the same to guinea pigs and rabbits). The results of improved MTT and conA 3HTdR transformation methods showed the activities and proliferation of Th-cells were increased in guinea pigs after p68 immunization (IL-6, 83.25 IU/ml, IL-2, 28.75 IU/ml; RPI, 2.04, SI, 65.62%) Thlymphocyte existed in two subclasses, the Th1- and Th2-cells. A major role of Th2-cells is to "help" B-cells differentiate, replicate, and secrete antibody. The properties of these interactions explain why p68 makes good antigen and p23 does not. The antigens responsible for eliciting the production of protective antibodies are not known; however, several outer membrane proteins on L. interrogans are candidates for vaccine. Our results suggest that expresion protein p68 from recombinants (rpDJt) may be a candidate for gene engineered subunit vaccine for Leptospirosis.
Animals↗
[Construction of genomic library of L. interrogans serovar lai using lambda gt11 as the vector and a study of recombiant plasmid pDL121].
A genomic library of L. interrogans serovar lai strain 017 has been constructed using lambda gt11 as the vector. DNA was partially digested by two blunt-end restriction enzymes, then methylated with EcoR I methylase; after EcoR I linker was added to the DNA, the linker-ended DNA was ligated to the dephosphorylated EcoR I digested lambda gt11 arms. The recombined DNA was packaged in vitro, and used to transduct E. coli Y1090 for amplification. There were 2.1 x 10(6) recombinant bacteriophages as recognized by their ability to form white plaques plated on Lac host in the presence of both IPTG and X-Ga1. A positive clone, designated lambda DL12, was screened with a rabbit anti-serum against L. interrogans serovar lai from the genomic library. The DNA from lambda DL12 was subcloned into plasmid pUC18. A recombinant (designated as pDL121) was obtained. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that a 23 kd was expressed in E. coli JM 103 harboring pDL121. Western blotting analysis showed that a specific protein band molecular weight of 23 kd could be recognized by the rabbit antiserum against L. interrogans serovar lai strain 017.
Cloning, Molecular↗
[Recombinant human GM-CSF retroviral vector construction and expression in human breast cancer cells].
OBJECTIVE: To provide an effective GM-CSF gene transferring vector mediated by retrovirus and a basis for study of GM-CSF gene-modified tumor cell vaccines. METHODS: The recombinant retroviral vector pDORGM was constructed by cloning the GM-CSF cDNA into the replication defective retroviral vector pDORneo, and transferred into packaging cell line PA317 by Lipofectin method. The viral titer was determined with the NIH3T3. Using the NIH3T3 amplification assay, replication competent retroviral particles were detected. A high titer of retrovirus was used to infect the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. RESULTS: The retrovirus containing GM-CSF gene had a highest titer of virus of 1 x 10(6) colony-forming units/ml. No replication competent retrovirus were detectable in the vector preparation from the packaging cells. GM-CSF gene-modified MCF-7 cell lines stably released 500 to 800 units/10(6) cell of GM-CSF within 24h in vitro. CONCLUSION: The GM-CSF gene transferring vector mediated by retrovirus was effective and safe. These results provied a basis for study of GM-CSF gene used in cancer gene therapy.
3T3 Cells↗
[An experimental study on the effect of xenogeneic bone combined with human recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2].
OBJECTIVE: To determine the ability of a new type of composited xenogeneic bone to repair the bone defect. METHODS: The new type of composited xenogeneic bone was obtained by combining the treated cancellous bone with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and was implanted in the bone defect of rabbit. RESULTS: There were a large amount of new bone formation within the combined material and the amount was increasing as the time lapsed in the area of the bone defect. In contrast, there were a lot of fibrous tissues with a little new bone formed when the treated cancellous bone was implanted alone. CONCLUSION: The results imply that the rhBMP-2 plays a very important role in new bone formation and the composited xenogeneic bone appears to be an ideal material for the repair of bone defect.
Animals↗
[Immunohistochemistry studies on the thermal burn of cornea in rats].
PURPOSE: To investigate immunological mechanism of corneal melting perforation and inflammation after thermal burn. METHODS: The models of severe corneal burns were induced with thermal metal in rats. Immunohistochemistry was carried out on wholemounts of the cornea, iris, choroid-sclera comples, retina at different time point after corneal burns, to derect T-lymphocytes and their subpopulation, macrophages, dendritic cells, MHC class II-positive cells. RESULTS: In the early stage of the burns, there were small number of increasing T-lymphocytes, MHC class II-positive cells in the cornea and iris. At the period of corneal melting and perforation, a massive influx of lymphocytes (CD3, CD4, CD8), macrophages and dentritic cells were seen in the cornea adjacent to limbers and iris. CD4 positive cells were much more than CD8 in number obviously. MHC class II-positive cell were found not only at the limbus but also in the melting area and corneal centre. Morphological changes of these cells were also noted. At restoration stage positive cells decreased gradually. CONCLUSIONS: Immunological mechanism is involved in the pathogenesis of the damage induced with corneal thermal burns, especially in the pathogenesis of corneal melting and perforation after burn.
Animals↗
[Immunohistochemical study on the temporomandibular articular disc in young growing rats after functional mandibular advancements].
In the present experiment the type I collagen of discs was investigated with immunohistochemistry in the young growing SD rats after the mandible protruded functionally. The experimental evidence showed that the immunohistochemical staining reactions accentuated with age changed in control group discs, and the immunohistochemical staining reactions in experimental group were intenser than in control group. It indicated that the discs synthesized higher contents of type I collagen after the disc accepted more functional stimuli in the experimental group.
Age Factors↗
[Studies on the synthesis and activities of RGD related peptides].
In the binding of Fgn to GP IIb/IIIa, RGD is the key sequence. In the present paper, RGDS, RGDV and RGDF were synthesized by use of solution method. Bioassay indicated that the C-terminal amino acid residues were very important for their antithrombosis effects. Conformational studies showed that their antithrombosis potency may depend on their total energies. The observation of their vasodilation effects suggests that this kind of function is worthy to be further studied.
Animals↗
A study of the management mode of a rural migrant community.
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Asia↗
[Clinical and pathological study on liver fibrosis in viral hepatitis].
49 patients with viral hepatitis were studied on the correlationship between liver fibrosis and the level of serum precollagen type III (PC III), pre-collagen III pre-peptide (P III P), Laminin (LN), hyaluronic acid (HA) and collagen type IV (IV-C), as well as relationship between them and the expression of LN, IV-C, a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) and cytokeration (CK) in the liver tissues examined by immunohistochemistry. Results showed that the level of PC III, P III P, LN, HA and IV-C in the groups of liver cirrhosis and chronic severe hepatitis were higher than that in the groups of acute and chronic hepatitis. High correlation was found between the level of these markers (especially the level of the IV-C) and the degree of fibrosis in the group of chronic hepatitis. So were the expression of LN, IV-C, a-SMA and CK in the liver tissue. The results also showed that the liver fibrosis correlated with inflammatory reaction in the liver. So the authors suggested that more attention should be paid to the inflammatory reaction of the liver for prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis.
Adolescent↗
[Testicular toxicity of allyl chloride].
In this study, 124 mg/kg of allyl chloride (one-fifth of LD50) was administered to mice by a single subcutaneous injection and its effects on the male reproductive system were evaluated at 4 days, 9 days, 14 days, 22 days and 39 days after treatment. Allyl chloride decreased the weight of the testes, reduced the numbers of spermatid and sperm, and increased the frequency of the morphologically abnormal sperm without any sign of general influence. From these results, allyl chloride was confirmed to be a definite testicular toxicant in mice. Spermatid reduction was already apparent at 4 days after treatment. Therefore, it was found that allyl chloride affected the testis immediately after the injection. Sperm with an abnormal tail (most of them were sperm with a folded tail) increased at the cauda epididymis before the epididymal sperm reduction became apparent. Consequently, it seemed likely that, with its toxic effects on the testis, allyl chloride also affected sperm passing through the epididymis and disturbed their maturation. Spermatid/sperm reduction caused by allyl chloride did not recover and seemed to get worse until 39 days after treatment. The testicular damage caused by allyl chloride was irreversible during this observation period.
Allyl Compounds↗
Hepatocyte apoptosis in hepatic iron overload diseases.
In this retrospective study, we systematically analyzed hepatocyte apoptosis in three situations of hepatic iron overload (hereditary hemochromatosis; hepatic iron overload of unknown reason; iron overload due to hyperhemolysis or exogenous iron administration). Apoptosis was assessed by use of DNA nick end-labelling. The results suggest that hepatic iron overload is associated with an increased apoptotic rate of hepatocytes, and that iron-laden hepatocytes in hemochromatosis behave, with respect to apoptosis, differently from those in other states of iron overload. The hepatocyte apoptotic rate tended to increase as a function of the degree of iron storage. As in other pathological liver changes studied so far, an elevated apoptotic rate of hepatocytes predominated in the pericentral parts of liver acini in hemochromatosis, but not in the two other groups of hepatic iron overload. Possible mechanisms for this difference are discussed, particularly with respect to a participation of the Kupffer cell system.
Adult↗
[Usefulness of particle size distribution analyzer for counting the number of sperm].
We tried to use particle size distribution analyzer to count the number of sperm. The epididymis was removed from male Syrian golden hamsters intratracheally instilled with indium arsenide, indium phosphide or phosphate buffer only, and the homogenate of the cauda epididymidis was used as the sperm sample. The number of sperm counted with particle size distribution analyzer correlated well with the number of sperm counted with hemocytometer (r = 0.96) and the coefficient of the regression line was almost 1. When the same sperm sample was counted repetitively (n = 4), there was no difference in the coefficient of variation between the sperm number counted with particle size distribution analyzer and the sperm number counted with hemocytometer (6.4 +/- 5.8% vs. 7.8 +/- 4.0%). From these results, particle size distribution analyzer was thought to be useful for counting the number of sperm.
Animals↗
Apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation.
We have studied apoptosis in a subset of thirty hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) exhibiting neuroendocrine differentiation (ND). Apoptosis was assessed by use of in situ DNA end labelling, and was quantified employing a TdT labelling index. It turned out that apoptosis occurred in HCCs with ND, albeit at different rates. Apoptosis was visualized as a clearly detectable reaction product mostly localized in tumor cell nuclei and in apoptotic bodies. Almost no staining was observed in nuclei of multinuclear tumor giant cells. In HCCs with ND, apoptosis was not related to type or grade, but tumors mainly consisting of hepatocyte-like cells and/or clear cells showed a significantly higher apoptotic rate. This was also the cell type most frequently disclosing neuroendocrine features. The apoptotic rate was significantly higher in HCCs with ND than in a control group of HCCs not showing ND. The findings suggest that neuroendocrine differentiation in liver cell tumors is associated with an altered pattern of programmed cell death, and that this phenomenon may therefore have an influence on clinical behavior.
Adult↗