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Biomedical subjects

M Zach

Publications and source records attributed to M Zach.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Cytomegalovirus in subacute infant pneumonitis (author's transl)].

A subacute pneumonic disease of a young infant is described. Insidious onset, afebrile course, tachypnea, staccato cough, disseminated crepitations on auscultation, signs of infiltration and hyperexpansion on chest X-ray, eosinophilia as well as elevation of immunoglobulin fractions G and M suggested infection with chlamydia trachomatis. Microbiologic investigations, however, documented active infection with cytomegalovirus. Hence these symptoms were either caused by both organisms or constitute a rare monorganic manifestation of connatal cytomegalovirus disease. The syndrome of subacute pneumonia in the young infant might not necessarily depend on the infection with a specific organism.

Cytomegalovirus Infections↗
PubMed1981

[Chest physiotherapy in childhood respiratory disorders (author's transl)].

The effect of chest physiotherapy in the treatment of pediatric pulmonary disorders was evaluated for one year by means of a specially devised progress chart. A high percentage of atelectases was successfully reopened. The right upper lobe was most frequently involved, followed by the left upper, right lower and left lower lobe. The incidence of postextubation atelectasis in neonates with hyaline membrane disease was significantly lower when chest physiotherapy was commenced before extubation. The value of chest physiotherapy in chronic respiratory disorders remains uncertain, whereas it does constitute an essential part of therapy in acute conditions.

Bronchiectasis↗
PubMed1980

The horizontal interventricular septum. Three cases with different ventriculoarterial connections.

Three hearts sharing the anatomical peculiarity of a horizontal interventricular septum are described. In one, both great vessels originate from the superior right ventricle, in the other the great arteries are connected normally, the third one shows a single aortic trunc. It is concluded that the horizontal interventricular septum has to be considered as an independent cardiac deformity occurring with most types of ventriculoarterial connections. Assuming rotation of the bulboventricular loop around a base-apex-axis as the basic ontogenetic event one can trace this morphology back to its original layout. It is, therefore, possible to classify each case according to the usual nomenclature regarding the horizontal septum and the upstairs-downstairs arrangement of the ventricles as an addition. This embryological event of rotation is considered the product of a restraightening process of the previously looped cardiac tube.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1980

[Chlamydia trachomatis infant pneumonitis (author's transl)].

A subacute pneumonic disease in a young infant characterized by insidious onset and protracted course is described. The child was afebrile, tachypneic, with a staccato cough, conjunctivitis, eosinophilia and disseminated crepitations on auscultation. The chest X-ray showed extensive infiltration and hyperexpansion. Immunoglobulin fractions G and M and antibody titers against chlamydia trachomatis were elevated. These findings suggest the existence of chlamydial pneumonitis in small infants in Austria. It will only be possible to estimate the incidence of chlamydial disease when the appropriate microbiologic techniques are available.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1979

[Congenital atrial flutter with hydrops fetalis caused by tocolytic therapy (author's transl)].

A 31-year-old healthy woman received Ritodrine (Pre-Par) from the 26th week of gestation because of twin pregnancy. Three weeks before birth continous intravenous medication with the same drug was commenced because of premature uterine contractions. Five days later a heart rate of over 200/minute was noted in one of the twins. This tachycardia persisted until birth while the heart rate of the other twin remained normal. At 33 weeks monozygotic female twins were delivered after artifical rupture of membranes. One twin was normal, birth weight 1.6 kg. The other baby showed persistent atrial flutter, was hydropic (weight 2.75 kg) and suffered from gross cardiac failure. Atrial flutter was converted to sinus rhythm one hour after birth by DC-countershock. Digoxin was commenced, the child rapidly improved and now still remains in sinus rhythm six month later.

Atrial Flutter↗
PubMed1979

[Indomethacin in IRDS with PDA phenomenon (author's transl)].

16 premature babies (all needing artificial ventilation, 15 suffering from idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome and one from severe apneic spells) received a single or double dose of indomethacin once the symptoms of an open ductus arteriosus further complicated their disease. Within 24 hours four patients showed closure of their duct, three other patients a very distinct improvement of their hemodynamic situation. There was no change of the ductus dependent symptoms in 8 other babies. One baby presented with a marked a worsening of its clinical situation and finally required surgical closure of its duct. There is quite a discrepancy found in the results reported from different centers. Starting from our results possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.

Apnea↗
PubMed1978

[Persistent pulmonary hypertension in newborn infants (author's transl)].

Three cases of persistent pulmonary hypertension in newborn infants are reported. One patient developed this syndrome following a normal pregnancy and uneventful delivery, whilst the others had a history of fetal or perinatal distress. Cardiac catheterization showed pulmonary hypertension in two cases in the absence of cardiac or pulmonary disease or metabolic disorders; one of these babies died unexpectedly following initial improvement. The second infant died from massive cardiac failure before cardiac catheterization could be carried out. The surviving infant was reinvestigated at the age of 7 months and showed normal pulmonary pressure and no evidence of cardiac disease. Aetiology, haemodynamics and clinical picture of this syndrome are discussed in relation to the varying clinical features manifested by our patients and the course taken.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1978

[The hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) of the newborn].

A case of a newborn infant with clinical and angiocardiographic signs of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is presented. The baby died after a short therapy with beta-blockers. Light- and electron-microscopic investigations showed severe disorganization of muscular cellular arrangement and disturbances of intracellular structures of the interventricular septum. HOCM is a genetically determined disease which can present clinically in the newborn period and may simulate congenital cardiac malformations.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1978

[Repetitive supraventricular tachycardia. Case report and electrophysiologic bases].

A typical case of repetitive supraventricular tachycardia is reported. Periods of normal heart rate are interrupted by short bursts of supraventricular tachycardia. In the case described this phenomenon can be explained by coexistence of reentry and an automatic rhythm from a subsidiary pacemaker. This pacemaker was found to be in the bundle of His; its automaticity showed a rate somewhat faster than that of the sinus node. Careful analysis of the surface electrocardiograms allowed a definition of the electrophysiologic events starting a run of tachycardia. The circus movement entertaining the tachycardia itself was found to result from AV nodal reentry.

Bundle of His↗
PubMed1978

[Pulmonary hypertension after spontaneous closure of an atrial septal defect in infancy (author's transl)].

Clinical findings and haemodynamic data of an infant with atrial septal defect and hypoplasia of the left ventricle are reported. At the first cardiac catheterization at the age of 3 weeks an interatrial left to right shunt of 55% and a moderately elevated pulmonary artery pressure, but normal pulmonary vascular resistance were found. At repeat cardiac catheterization at the age of 6 month the atrial septal defect had closed spontaneously, however, the pressure in the pulmonary artery had risen to 90/55 mm Hg and pulmonary vascular resistance was elevated with 9.6 Um2. 3 months later pulmonary artery pressure had normalized to 35/15 mm Hg, but pulmonary vascular resistance was still elevated at 7.8 Um2.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1978

[Transposition of the great arteries with horizontal interventricular septum (author's transl)].

Transposition of the great arteries with horizontal interventricular septum is characterized by a superior-inferior relationship of the ventricular chambers in the presence of ventriculo-arterial discordance. Embryologically this very peculiar anatomy can be explained by a rotation of the bulboventricular loop around a sagittal axis. A typical case is reported. The most important anatomical features are described and the embryologic mechanisms leading to this ventricular arrangement are discussed. The significance of this deformity to nomenclature of congenital heart disease is emphasized.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1977

Digoxin elimination by exchange transfusion.

The report covers four cases presenting simultaneous indications for digitalisation and exchange transfusions. Intravenous administration of digoxin was followed: 1. by monitoring of the behaviour of the plasma digoxin level; 2. by determination of the total amount of glycoside eliminated by the blood exchange. Particular attention was paid to the effect of the delay between injection and exchange transfusion on the amount of digoxin eliminated. All four cases showed moderate falls in plasma levels. The amounts of digoxin eliminated by exchange transfusion were in reverse relationship to the delay between administration of digoxin and the blood exchange. At no time did the eliminated fraction exceed 5% of the total amount present in the body.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1977

[The syndrome of polysplenia (author's transl)].

A strong tendency to symmetrical development of the organ systems manifests itself in the syndrome of Polysplenia. These symmetrical organs show the anatomy of leftsided structures. For this reason the syndrome is also referred to as the "syndrome of bilateral leftsidedness". It encompasses complex abnormalities of situs, typical cardiac and vascular deformities as well as extracardiac malformations. Polysplenia is the leading symptom. Diagnosis is rarely made intra vitam. Certain typical deformities can give hints to this diagnosis, which is finally proved by szintigraphic and arteriographic visualization of multiple spleens. A typical case is reported and subsequently discussed according to the picture of this syndrome in the literature.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1977

[Williams-beuren-syndrome (author's transl)].

In the initial descriptions of the elfin-facies-syndrome by Williams and Beuren, supravalvular aortic stenosis was considered to be a constant feature of the syndrome, combined with retardation of mental and physical development, dentition anomalies and the peculiar face. According to newer findings, the missing of this deformity is no proof against the existence of the above-mentioned syndrome. Usually an elevation of the calcium-level is not found in the serum of these children, although there seems to be some relation to the calcium-metabolism. The characteristic picture of this deformity is demonstrated by two, very typical cases.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1977

[Cerebral AV fistula with cardiac insufficiency in newborns (author's transl)].

A case of arteriovenous aneurysm of the great vein of Galen with congestive heart failure in a newborn infant is presented. Efficiancy of medical management and stop of growth of the head circumference point towards a good prognosis. Patients with this malformation have been divided into four clinical groups presenting with different symptoms in different ages. Anatomy, hemodynamics, clinical picture and diagnosis are considered.

Heart Failure↗