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Biomedical subjects

M Yoshioka

Publications and source records attributed to M Yoshioka.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[A case report of esophageal liposarcoma].

We report the first case of esophageal liposarcoma in Japan. A 46-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with chief complaint of protruding tumor out of the mouth. She had two episodes of protruding tumor after nausea in last 6 months. Barium swallow showed a large polypoid lesion of approximately 16cm in length with a stalk. By endoscopic examination, it was the polyp originated from the anterior wall of the cervical esophagus. It was covered with intact squamous epithelia, which had slight redness and erosion in the apex. Under general anesthesia the tumor was cut off at the base through the oral cavity. Specimen was 11 x 4 x 3cm in size and had yellowish cut surface. Histologically, the tumor composed of mature adipocytes and many atypical lipoblasts with spider web shaped cytoplasm. We diagnosed this tumor as well differentiated liposarcoma.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

[Congenital bronchomalacia of left main bronchus combined with lobar emphysema, pectus excavatum and right aortic arch--a case report].

One-year-old girl was admitted because of recurrent pneumonia and pectus excavatum. Chest X-ray showed hyperlucency at the upper lung field and infiltrated shadow at the lower field of the left lung. Bronchoscopy and bronchograms revealed marked collapse in a long segment of the left main bronchus during expiration. CT scan showed an emphysematous change and a giant bulla of left lung. Angiogram showed right aortic arch. Sternoturnover was performed at 5 years of age for pectus excavatum. After 10 months, left pneumonectomy was performed for bronchomalacia and lobar emphysema. Pathologic findings of the bronchus revealed that the rings were flattened, while the cartilage was microscopically normal.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1991

[A case of left coronary ostial obstruction due to syphilitic aortitis].

Coronary ostial stenosis is a rare lesion, which is a complication of syphilitic aortitis, Takayasu's aortitis, aortic valve disease, and familial hypercholesterolemia. We present a case of left coronary ostial obstruction due to syphilitic aortitis. A 67 years old man was admitted to our hospital for evaluation of a ten year history of angina on exertion. On physical examination, the only abnormal finding was a grade 2/6 high-pitched diastolic murmur. Coronary risk factor was not detected from biochemical results, but both the TPHA and FTA-ABS test were positive. Treadmill stress test showed more than 2 mm ST segment depression associated with chest pain. Coronary angiography revealed complete obstruction of left coronary ostium with good collaterals from the right coronary artery. The coronary arterial tree was otherwise normal. Furthermore, aortagraphy showed a moderate degree of aortic regurgitation. From the examination of previous reports including our own case, we think that the angiographic features of syphilitic coronary ostial stenosis can be summarized as below. 1. Coronary artery stenosis is generally limited to the ostium. 2. The grade of stenosis almost always shows more than 90% stenosis, and sometimes bilateral coronary ostium can be affected. 3. Aortic regurgitation is frequently noted, associated with coronary ostial stenosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Effects of a novel cholinergic M1 agonist, AF102B, on ambulation and water drinking behavior in rats.

Effects of a novel M1 agonist, AF102B (cis-2-methylspiro(1,3-oxathiolane-5,3')quinuclidine HCl), on ambulation and water drinking behavior were examined using an Ambulo-Drinkometer. AF64A-treated rats, an animal model for senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT), and non-treated control rats were used. AF102B was administered orally via tap water at a concentration of 0.01% and 0.1% for an experimental therapeutic dose and a supramaximal dose, respectively. Four-week administration of 0.01% AF102B did not affect either ambulatory activity or water drinking activity in non-treated rats. Successive 0.1% AF102B administration for 4 weeks produced a significant decrease in drinking activity as compared with non-treated control rats. In AF64A-treated rats, AF102B did not change the cholinotoxin AF64A-induced high activity in ambulation. However, a decrease in water drinking activity was observed after 0.1% AF102B administration, as in non-treated rats. These results suggest that therapeutic dose of AF102B do not produce any changes in the spontaneous moter activity and water drinking behavior in normal rats or the animal model for SDAT. Several investigators reported that AF102B (FSK-508; cis-2-methylspiro (1,3-oxathiolane-5,3') quinuclidine HCl) had the property of a relatively specific muscarinic agonist of the M1-type This novel M1 agonist, AF102B, also exerted and ameliorating effect on experimental amnesia; in a T-maze, radial-arm maze task and passive avoidance tasks. AF102B improves the cognitive impairment in various animal models for memory disorders including senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT). Based on these observations, AF102B has been proposed for the treatment of SDAT.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A case of infected urachal cyst in an 8-year-old boy].

An 8-year-old boy with infected urachal cyst presenting with macroscopic hematuria, pain on urination and high fever attack is reported. He had recurrent episodes of cystitis. At admission, a quail-egg sized solid tumor was palpated in the midline of his lower abdomen. The urine was infected. Ultrasonographic examination revealed an oval tumor 2 x 2.7 cm in diameter at the dome of the bladder with a thin funicular structure running toward the umbilicus. Cystoscopy revealed a round tumor covered with hyperemic epithelia. Transurethral biopsy revealed no malignant lesions of the epithelia. Partial cystectomy with excision of the funicular urachal ligament was performed. The pathological findings were consistent with persistent urachus with chronic inflammation. We reviewed 210 cases of infected urachal cysts reported in the Japanese literature.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Isolation of a urinary digitalis-like factor indistinguishable from digoxin.

A digitalis-like factor has been purified to apparent homogeneity from human urine based on the inhibitory effect on [3H] ouabain binding to intact human erythrocytes. The purification scheme involved large scale adsorption followed by preparative, semipreparative and analytical high-performance liquid chromatography. The purified material showed a prominent digoxin-like immunoreactivity. The behaviour of the isolated substance was identical to that of authentic digoxin in three high-performance liquid chromatography and three thin-layer chromatography systems. Moreover, fast atom bombardment mass spectrum and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum suggested that the purified material may be indistinguishable from digoxin.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1990

Further evidence for the dissociation of digoxin-like immunoreactivity from Na+,K(+)-ATPase inhibitory activity.

The effects of adrenalectomy or nephrectomy, carried out one hour previously, on the levels of endogenous digitalis-like factors were determined in rat plasma. Factors were assayed by digoxin-like immunoreactivity and direct Na+,K(+)-ATPase inhibitory activity. Digoxin-like immunoreactivity significantly decreased one hour after bilateral ablation of adrenals, while Na+,K(+)-ATPase inhibitory activity remained unaltered. There were no changes in either activity one hour after bilateral nephrectomy. These results suggest that digoxin-like immunoreactivity may be derived from the adrenal gland or under adrenal control and the major substances detected by digoxin-like immunoreactivity and direct Na+,K(+)-ATPase inhibitory activity may be different.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1990

Direct injection of blood samples into a high-performance liquid chromatographic adenine analyser to measure adenine, adenosine, and the adenine nucleotides with fluorescence detection.

Adenine (Ade), adenosine (Ado) and its nucleotides such as AMP, cAMP, ADP and ATP in blood or plasma were determined by a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) adenine analyser with fluorescence detection. In order to inject samples directly into the HPLC system without pretreatment except dilution, the analyser consisted of two systems each, having three columns (pre-, mini- and analytical). A precolumn with an inlet filter of pore size 40 microns was common to both systems and packed with Butyl-Toyopearl 650-M to remove hydrophobic compounds and blood cell membranes. In the system for analysis of the nucleotides, a mini-column of Hitachi anion-exchange gel 3013-N was used for adsorbing AMP, cAMP, ADP and ATP. The adsorbed nucleotides were separated by the Hitachi gel 3013-N analytical column. In the other system for analysis of Ado and Ade, they were adsorbed on a Develosil ODS-5 mini-column and separated by an Asahipak GS-320H size-exclusion analytical column. The adenine compounds in each eluate were derivatized on-line in a 15-m reaction coil at 115 degrees C with bromoacetaldehyde as the fluorescent reagent in each mobile phase for the analytical column, and detected by spectrofluorimetry. ATP, ADP and AMP were accurately determined by the direct injection of hamster, rat and human whole blood. Authentic Ade and Ado were well separated and Ado in human plasma was determined, but it was difficult to determine it in rat plasma owing to interference from an unknown compound.

Adenine↗
PubMed1990

Simple method for determination of the cephalosporin DQ-2556 in biological fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography.

A sensitive method for the determination of DQ-2556 by high-performance liquid chromatography was established. The limits of detection for serum and urine were 0.1 and 2 micrograms/ml, respectively. Two clean-up procedures for serum samples were developed. In the first, deproteinization with 10% trichloroacetic acid was used and the recovery was 68.5%. In the other, ultrafiltration under acidic conditions was employed and the recovery was 85.1%. The former procedure is economical but complicated, whereas the latter is simple and labour-saving, but a special ultrafiltration tube is required. This situation offers a flexible choice, depending on the conditions of the laboratory.

Cephalosporins↗
PubMed1990

Measurement of adenine nucleotide levels with an adenine analyser as an index of freshness of porgy.

In a prototype of an adenine analyser, adenosine and adenine nucleotides were derivatized with a fluorescent reagent, bromoacetaldehyde, after separation on a Hitachi gel No. 3012-N column by high-performance liquid chromatography. The previous analyser was improved by using a shorter reaction coil and by introduction of a Hitachi gel No. 3013-N with 5-microns particles of porous polystyrene-divinylbenzene, and applied to estimate the freshness of porgy. Total amounts of ATP, ADP and AMP in an isolated muscle just after death gradually decreased to 60% of the original amount after 5 h, and the ATP content rapidly decreased to 20% after 1 h. A good correlation was found between the levels of total adenine compounds and the energy charge values obtained from nineteen porgies frozen at a prerigour state. On the other hand, there existed no relationship between total adenine levels and the K values, which were indices for estimating freshness of fish. The analyser will be useful to evaluate the freshness of tissues and cells based on the higher contents of total adenine compounds, especially ATP.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1990

Effect of aspartame on N-methyl-D-aspartate-sensitive L-[3H]glutamate binding sites in rat brain synaptic membranes.

Aspartame (L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester), an artificial low-calorie sweetener, was shown to dose-dependently inhibit L-[3H]glutamate binding to its N-methyl-D-aspartate-specific receptors. L-Aspartic acid, a major endogenous metabolite of aspartame, inhibited the binding more stronger than aspartame, while the other metabolites, L-phenylalanine and methanol, had no effect at the same concentration. Aspartame caused a significant change in the affinities of L-[3H]glutamate binding without altering the Vmax values of the binding, suggesting the inhibition is competitive. These in vitro findings suggested that aspartame may act directly on the N-methyl-D-aspartate-sensitive glutamate recognition sites in the brain synaptic membranes.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Simultaneous high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of norepinephrine, serotonin, acetylcholine and their metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid of anaesthetized normotensive rats.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method with electrochemical detection was developed for the simultaneous determination of the levels of norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT), acetylcholine (ACh) and their metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of anaesthetized rats. The response curve for each compound was linear for the concentration way of interest. The within- and between-day coefficients of variation (C.V.) for NE, 5-HT and their metabolites were less than 7.85% and 15.67%, respectively, and those for ACh and choline were less than 3.08% and 6.27%, respectively. This simultaneous determination should be useful for elucidating the noradrenergic, serotonergic and cholinergic nerve activity in the central nervous system.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1990

Alkaline phosphatase of rat intestinal lymph: its characterization and the effect of fat administration.

Biological characteristics of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) from rat intestine were compared among four various fractions (brush border, cytosol, luminal and lymph) to clarify the source and route of ALP appeared in intestinal lymphatics. ALP of each fraction had the same Km values and the same heat stability and all were of intestinal type. However, lymph and cytosol ALP showed similar affinity to three kinds of lectins and were distinct from membrane and luminal ALP. On polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), there seems to be two types of charge isomers of intestinal ALP, namely brush border type and lymph type. On sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-PAGE, the molecular weight of principal band for each form was: 130,000 for brush border type, and 160,000 for lymph type. Fat administration significantly increased the ALP activity in intestinal lumen and intestinal lymph. However, it did not change biological characteristics of ALP including binding ability to lectins and electrophoretic mobility in any of these four fractions. These results suggest that lymphatic ALP may be transported from cytosol of intestinal cells and that fat administration seems to induce quantitative change of intestinal ALP, but not to change its physiological route of transportation into intestinal lymph.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1990

Effects of arginine derivatives on soluble guanylate cyclase from neuroblastoma N1E 115 cells.

The effects of L-arginine (Arg) derivatives on soluble guanylate cyclase from neuroblastoma N1E 115 cells were examined. The Arg derivatives were modified at the -NH2, -COOH, C alpha-proton or guanidino group of Arg. Among the synthesized derivatives, eight compounds, i.e. the 5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonyl (DNS) ones, especially N-cyclohexyl-2-(N-DNSamino)-5-guanidino-2-methylvaleramide and 1-[2-(N-DNSamino)-2-(2-imino-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydropyrimidin- 4-yl)acetyl]- piperidine, were found to inhibit the activity of crude guanylate cyclase in the 105,000 g supernatant fraction of the cell homogenate. The enzyme, partially purified by a column of Chelex 100 Na+, was also inhibited by these eight compounds. The mode of the inhibition was competitive. The Ki values were in the range of 2-8 microM for the enzyme in the 105,000 g supernatant fraction and 3-16 microM for the partially purified enzyme, in the presence of Mg2+ as a metal cofactor. In contrast, a new derivative, methyl 2-amino-5-guanidinovalerate (M Arg ME), as well as the Arg methyl ester (Arg ME) and Arg; were found to enhance the activity of the partially purified guanylate cyclase; KA values of M Arg ME, Arg ME and Arg were approximately 9, 4 and 3 microM respectively. From these results, the free guanidino group including 2-imino-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydropyrimidin-4-yl or 2-imino-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydropyrimidin-5-yl and modification of the --NH2 residue with a hydrophobic group such as DNS seemed to be essential for inhibition of the guanylate cyclase; however, the guanidino and --NH2 residue of Arg should be free for activation by these Arg derivatives.

Arginine↗
PubMed1990

Biosynthesis of alkaline phosphatase during differentiation of the human colon cancer cell line Caco-2.

The human colon cancer cell line Caco-2 undergoes spontaneous enterocytic differentiation during growth and expresses a number of brush-border membrane-associated hydrolases typical of a differentiated phenotype. Among these is the enzyme alkaline phosphatase, which is frequently used as a marker of cell differentiation in colon cancer cells. Since the biochemical processes regulating the expression of alkaline phosphatase during cell differentiation are only poorly understood, we examined the biosynthesis and processing of alkaline phosphatases in undifferentiated (0-day confluent) and differentiated (14-day confluent) Caco-2 cells. It was found that both cell phenotypes expressed a single, heat-labile intestinal-like enzyme, which undergoes similar post-translational processing and glycosylation. Although the rate of enzyme synthesis and alkaline phosphatase messenger ribonucleic acid was 5-6-fold higher in differentiated cells, the degradation rates in both cell types were similar with a half-life of approximately 10 days. These results suggest that the increase in alkaline phosphatase activity during Caco-2 cell differentiation is caused by changes in the synthetic rate and that the low turnover rates facilitate accumulation of the enzyme. Furthermore, these studies demonstrate that Caco-2 cells are useful for examining the molecular and biochemical events involved in the differentiation of the small intestinal epithelium.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1990

Ocular manifestations in Fukuyama type congenital muscular dystrophy.

We describe a child with Fukuyama type congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD) who had several ocular manifestations since birth. These included high myopia, strabismus, nystagmus and optic atrophy of both eyes. Later he developed retinal detachment of both eyes. Our survey of 33 cases with FCMD revealed that high myopia and optic atrophy are common in FCMD. Retinal detachment was reported in two cases in addition to the present one and was considered to be of developmental origin. The association of congenital muscular dystrophy with brain changes and ocular anomalies were found in FCMD, muscle, eye and brain disease (MEB) and Walker-Warburg syndrome (WWS). Ocular manifestations in FCMD were, in general, less severe than those in WWS or MEB. Our study suggests that FCMD, MEB and WWS are developmental abnormalities with a continual spectrum of disease severity.

Adolescent↗