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Biomedical subjects

M Yoshimura

Publications and source records attributed to M Yoshimura.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[A comparative study of HBV-associated liver diseases between Korea and western part of Japan].

Overall positive rate of HBsAg in both serum and liver tissue was the highest in Pusan, followed by Kitakyushu and Osaka. HBsAg positive rate among patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was higher in Pusan than in Kitakyushu. Primary liver cancers, most of which were HCCs, were more frequently (3.4%) found in all inpatients of Kosin University, Pusan, than in those of UOEH (Kitakyushu), 1.9%. HCCs in Pusan were younger, less associated with cirrhosis and rather poorly differentiated than those in Kitakyushu and Osaka, Japan, and they might be related to a higher rate of HBsAg carriers in the former.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1990

[An autopsy case of postencephalitic parkinsonism: investigation on neurofibrillary tangles in comparison with those in progressive supranuclear palsy].

We report an autopsy case of postencephalitic parkinsonism (PEP). The distribution, histochemical, and immunohistochemical characteristics of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the case were studied and compared with NFTs in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). The patient was a 78-year-old woman who had suffered from "sleeping sickness" at age 27 and parkinsonism developed 13 years later. NFTs were found in the brainstem, basal ganglia, subthalamus, hypothalamus, thalamus and hippocampus in addition to marked degeneration of the substantia nigra. In the brainstem, NFTs were found not only in the amine-containing neurons but also in the pedunculopontine nucleus, which was recently reported to have cholinergic neurons. NFTs were immunostained by antibodies against tau and ubiquitin, both of which have been identified as antigenic components of NFTs in Alzheimer's disease and also those in PSP. Ultrastracturally, NFTs were composed of paired helical filaments. In serial sections with stained with Congo red and Bodian stains, all NFTs visible with Bodian stain in the brainstem of the case seemed to have Congo red birefringence which is produced by beta-sheet conformation of protein. In contrast, in three cases of PSP, less than half of NFTs seemed to have birefringence. These findings suggest that the protein components of NFTs in PEP and PSP are common to each other, but the conformation of the protein of some NFTs in PSP may be different from those in PPE.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Duchenne muscular dystrophy carrier presenting with mosaic X chromosome constitution and muscular symptoms--with analysis of the barr bodies in the muscle].

A 53-year-old female with muscular symptoms and incomplete Turner's syndrome was presented. She had two sons with Duchenne type muscular dystrophy (DMD). Her muscular symptoms became apparent at age 52 years, and her elevated serum CK, EMG and pathological findings of the biopsied muscle were consistent with muscular dystrophy. Her cytogenetic analysis from the cultured lymphocytes and fibroblasts showed a 45XO/46XX/47XXX chromosome constitution. Analysis of number of Barr bodies in the muscle specimen revealed that the total number of the bodies were significantly decreased in this case than in the control muscles. The result indicated that nuclei of 45XO karyotype were evidently present in her muscle and contributed to the process of muscle fiber breakdown as a major pathogenetic factor. However, inactivation of normal X chromosome also concerned the pathologic process because there were nuclei with Barr bodies in the damaged fibers as well. Only seven cases with X chromosome mosaicism and muscular symptoms attributable to DMD gene were seen in the literature. Four of them showed rather typical clinical features of DMD, but the muscular symptoms were much milder in the remainder, and patients were still able to walk in their middle lives. It was presumed that the severity of the clinical symptoms was parallel to the ratio of 45XO karyotype in the total number of muscular nuclei.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Microstructure and mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite ceramics with zirconia dispersion prepared by post-sintering.

Hydroxyapatite ceramics with zirconia dispersion from fine powders synthesized hydrothermally were post-sintered at 1000-1300 degrees C under 200 MPa of argon for 1 h without capsules, after normal sintering in air at 1200 degrees C for 3 h. Densification was most significant with post-sintering at 1200 degrees C. Fracture toughness, Vickers hardness and elastic properties of these materials were investigated. Post-sintering gave twice the K1c value of transparent pure hydroxyapatite ceramics. Vickers hardness and Young's modulus of the ceramics were increased by post-sintering.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1990

[Reconstruction of the trachea invaded by advanced carcinoma of the esophagus, using the omental pedicle flap].

The omental pedicle flap (OPF) was used for wrapping the plastic site of trachea involved in esophageal cancer in two cases. Though one of them developed an anastomotic dehiscence, the catastrophe was held off to the minimum. There were some disadvantages of the esophageal surgery for utilizing the omentum, compared to the other thoracic operations. It is the problem that the gastroepiploic artery should be shared to the gastric tube to some extent. But OPF was considered to be the best tissue in these particular cases.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1990

Effect of hydrogen peroxide, DL-propranolol, and prednisone on bovine lens optical function in culture.

Lens refractive function was monitored during long-term bovine lens culture experiments in which low concentrations of potentially damaging agents were added to the culture media. The agents tested were the drugs DL-propranolol and prednisone, and hydrogen peroxide. A computer-driven scanning laser system was used to monitor lens focal length during culture. The system consists of a scanning helium-neon laser beam, a television video camera, and a video frame digitizer. The system first locates the optical center of the lens, defined as the position of little or no refractive deviation of the beam. The laser scans the lens in small steps (0.05 mm), while the digitizer measures focal length for each beam position. A graphic profile of lens focal variation is plotted. A concentration of 0.1 mM hydrogen peroxide produces no significant change in lens focus after 315 hr of incubation. When the concentration is increased 10-fold (1.0 mM), lens focal ability is radically disturbed after 60 hr of incubation. Lenses incubated with prednisone (0.03 mM) for up to 525 hr show no difference in focal characteristics in comparison to control lenses. Propranolol in a concentration of 0.1 mM disrupts lens focal ability after 250 hr of incubation, whereas a higher concentration (1.0 mM) produces a similar effect after only 150 hr. These results indicate that lens refractive function is a sensitive measure of lens function during culture.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Successful use of an omental pedicled flap for obliterating empyema associated with a large bronchial fistula].

We transferred the omentum up into the thorax through the diaphragm and succeeded in obliterating the empyema with a large bronchial fistula. A 52 year-old man with 30 years history of empyema was referred because of purulent discharge through the cutaneous fistula starting one year before. Open thoracotomy revealed a round opening 13 mm in diameter to the cavity, which resulted from lobectomy performed 30 years before. After a month of dress changing pseudomonas aeruginosa in the empyema space disappeared. Thereafter radical operation was performed in order to close the fistula. The omental flap supplied by the right gastroepiploic artery was transferred into the empyema space. The flap was sutured to the orifice of the bronchial stump. The residual space was obliterated by the thoracoplasty using the chest wall with ribs and lateral side of the empyema wall. Postoperative course was uneventful and bronchoscopy at two months after the operation revealed that the bronchial mucosa developed and covered over the large bronchial fistula.

Bronchial Fistula↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical investigation on the involvement of an endogenous digitalis-like substance in blood pressure regulation].

We assessed the role of circulating digitalis-like substance(s) on the blood pressure regulation in patients with essential hypertension, cardiac diseases, diabetes mellitus and renal diseases by measuring digoxin-like immunoreactivity (DLI). Plasma DLI concentrations tended to correlate with blood pressure in all patient groups. Plasma DLI correlated to plasma aldosterone concentration in patients with essential hypertension, which suggested close interrelationship between DLI and electrolytes metabolism with adrenal steroids. Serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI) levels significantly correlated with blood pressure. Because plasma DLI levels correlated with serum IRI, increased levels of insulin could have induced sodium retention leading to increased DLI levels. Digitalis-like substance, but not insulin, would have directly increased blood pressure in patients with abnormal glucose tolerance. Plasma DLI levels significantly correlated with the severity of renal insufficiency in patients with renal diseases. Plasma DLI highly correlated with amounts of plasma proteins, particularly with albumin, which would be due to the binding of DLI with albumin in plasma. Because the level of non-binding DLI is extremely low when assayed with a digoxin-radioimmunoassay, it was impossible to assess the level of a free-form of DLI, i.e., active DLI. That could be a reason why the correlation between the DLI and the other parameters was not highly significant. Collectively, these findings suggest that the DLI is one of the major determinants of blood pressure rises, regardless of any cause.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Intrapleural minocycline for postoperative air leakage and control of malignant pleural effusion].

Minocycline pleurodesis with intrapleural pretreatment of lidocaine (150 mg) was performed on 19 patients. Minocycline was instilled into the pleural space for postoperative air leakage in 12 patients and control of malignant pleural effusion in 7 patients. Postoperative air leakage persisted longer than seven days was indicated instillation of minocycline (300 mg) with thoracostomy drainage. Satisfactory results were obtained in 11 of the 12 patients (92%) treated with this method. In 7 patients to control malignant pleural effusion, only one of these patients had recurrence of pleural effusion. Seventeen patients of all 19 subjects were free of pain following pleurodesis. None of these patients had a side effect of lidocaine. In conclusion of instillation, minocycline with thoracostomy drainage is a safe and an effective technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

In vitro quantification of the apical sealing ability of retrograde amalgam fillings.

Retrograde amalgam fillings were placed in 12 extracted human canines. The microleakage from the both directions (coronally and apically) was determined using pressurized fluid filtration at 90 min, 6 h, 1 day, 2 days, and 1,2,4, and 8 wk after amalgam filling. Leakage from either direction decreased markedly in the 90-min to 6-h interval after filling. At intervals between 1 day and 8 wk, only small changes in leakage were noted. After any time period, leakage from the coronal direction was greater than leakage from the apical direction. However, this difference was not statistically significant except at 90 min when the coronal leakage was significantly greater. This experimental system was shown to reliably measure microleakage in retrograde amalgam fillings.

Cuspid↗
PubMed1989

Macrophage chemotactic factor (MCF) produced by a human T cell hybridoma clone.

A human T cell hybridoma clone, D6-18, producing high levels of macrophage chemotactic factor (MCF) was established by the emetine-actinomycin D selection method. MCF was found to be present not only in the culture medium but also in the cell lysate of D6-18 cells. The secretion of the MCF from D6-18 cells was effectively inhibited by disodium cromoglycate, which is an inhibitor of the degranulation of mast cells, suggesting that MCF is stored in granules. The MCF of D6-18 cells was purified from the sonicated cell lysate by ion-exchange chromatographies and high-performance liquid chromatography. The amino acid sequence of the purified MCF was revealed to be WLGREDGSE or WLGRQDGSE. The synthetic peptide WLGREDGSE showed chemotactic activity against guinea pig macrophages and human monocytes at the concentration of about 10(-8) M.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Isolation and structural analysis of the mouse beta-casein gene.

Three overlapping clones containing the entire beta-casein gene were isolated from a mouse genomic library constructed in bacteriophage lambda EMBL3. Within the three clones the 6.8-kb casein gene was flanked by about 6-kb (5') and about 10-kb (3') sequences. The complete nucleotide sequence of the gene and its immediate flanking regions was determined. The gene consisted of nine exons ranging from 21 bp to 525 bp separated by introns ranging from 81 bp to 1288 bp. The length of the first exon was 43 bp, as determined by primer extension. The comparison of this sequence with that of the rat beta-casein gene showed that the overall structure of the gene was highly conserved. However, the first intron of the mouse gene was 400 bp shorter than that of the rat gene. Further analysis of homology between this gene and four other casein genes from rat and bovine revealed the presence of four highly conserved sequences. A search for the consensus sequences of transcription-regulatory elements showed that several potential regulatory sequences were present in the gene and its 5' flanking region.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

An alpha-specific gene, SAG1 is required for sexual agglutination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Seven alpha-specific mutants specifically defective in sexual agglutinability were isolated. The other alpha mating functions exhibited by these mutants, designated sag mutants, such as the production of alpha pheromone and response to a mating pheromone, were normal. While the MAT alpha sag1 cells did not agglutinate with wild-type a cells, the MATa sag1 cells did, indicating that the SAG1 gene is expressed only in alpha cells. The mutations were semi-dominant and fell into a single complementation group, SAG1, which was mapped near met3 on chromosome X. Complementation analysis showed that sag1 and ag alpha 1, the latter being a previously reported alpha-specific mutation, were mutations in the same gene.

Genes, Fungal↗
PubMed1989

Chloroquine, a lysosomotropic agent, inhibits zygote formation in yeast.

Haploid cells of opposite mating type of Saccharomyces cerevisiae conjugate to form zygote. During the conjugation process, the degradation or reorganization of the cell wall and the fusion of the two plasma membranes take place. Since chloroquine inhibits cellular events associated with the reorganization of the plasma membrane, the effect of the drug on conjugation was studied. Chloroquine at a concentration, at which cell growth was not retarded, inhibited zygote formation, while it did not affect other mating functions, such as sexual agglutination, production of and response to mating pheromone. Cells in a mating culture containing chloroquine formed no "prezygote" suggesting that they were not prepared for entering into fusion process. The inhibitory effect of chloroquine was reversible as cells formed zygote when they were washed after treatment with chloroquine. Zygote formation was unaffected in cells possessing chloroquine within vacuoles after incubation with the drug in complete medium (YPD) at pH 7.5, followed by washing. This suggests that chloroquine inhibits zygote formation by adsorbing to the plasma membrane of S. cerevisiae.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1989

Double peroneal free flap for multiple skin defects of the hand.

Two or more relatively large skin defects of the hand and fingers were repaired in six cases by a double peroneal free flap with a flap attached to each of two cutaneous branches ramifying from a peroneal artery and vein. All the cases were either multidigital injuries or had injury to adjacent fingers, with skin defects ranging from 4 x 1.5 cm to 11 x 5 cm. The subcutaneous fat of the flap is thin with good elasticity, giving a good match for the finger. This procedure can be employed for two or more skin defects at any site in the finger and hand in one stage, with the added advantage of early rehabilitation.

Adult↗