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Biomedical subjects

M Yoshida

Publications and source records attributed to M Yoshida.

At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Therapy-related leukemia with a novel 21q22 rearrangement.

We present a case of a 59-year-old Japanese man with therapy-related acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) after the chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Accumulated doses of cyclophosphamide, procarbazine, doxorubicin, mitoxantrone, and etoposide were 18,300 mg, 3000 mg, 580 mg, 100 mg, and 4150 mg, respectively, which had been administered for the treatment of NHL. Myeloblasts in the peripheral blood increased 43 months after the onset of NHL. He was diagnosed as having AML (M2; FAB classification). The karyotype of the bone marrow cells in the present case contained the following abnormalities: t(2;21)(q21;q22), t(8;21)(q22;q22), and add(13)(q34). In the present case, 645 base pairs of chimeric mRNA were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, indicating the presence of AML1/MTG8 rearrangement. Translocation (2;21)(q21;q22) has not been described previously to our knowledge. It is interesting that the breakpoint of 21q22 existed both in t(2;21) and t(8;21). The disrupted AML1 gene resulting from two 21q22 rearrangements may be involved in the pathogenesis of AML in the present case. The clinical importance of therapy-related AML having the 21q22 rearrangement remains to be examined.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1996

Predictors of ischemic stroke in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation.

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical features of patients with non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation to identify risk factors of ischemic stroke. Non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke. However, the predictors of ischemic stroke in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation are unclear. The study population consisted of 122 patients with non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation who had no previous clinical cerebral strokes at the start of the follow-up. Patients with cardiomyopathy and paroxysmal or intermittent atrial fibrillation were excluded from the study. The mean age was 61.7 +/- 12.8 years. We defined two endpoints; namely, occurrence of ischemic stroke (endpoint 1), and ischemic stroke or cardiac death (endpoint 2). During the follow-up, 18 patients had ischemic stroke and 6 patients experienced cardiac death. The 5-year event-free rates for endpoints 1 and 2 were 87.4% and 85.0%, respectively. A Cox analysis revealed that endpoint 1 was significantly associated with age (risk ratio (RR) = 1.106, P = 0.0052), end-diastolic left ventricular dimension (RR = 0.882, P = 0.0393), end-systolic left ventricular dimension (RR = 1.149, P = 0.0323) and the thickness of the interventricular septum (RR = 1.493, P = 0.0111). Endpoint 2 was associated with age (RR = 1.122, P = 0.0004), left atrial dimension (RR = 1.057, P = 0.0666), end-diastolic left ventricular dimension (RR = 0.935, P = 0.0426), fractional shortening (RR = 0.880, P = 0.0001) and the thickness of the left ventricular posterior wall (RR = 1.644, P = 0.0004). The present results suggest that, in addition to left ventricular dimensions and left atrial dimension, left ventricular hypertrophy may be associated with ischemic stroke.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Histone hyperacetylating agents stimulate promoter activity of human choline acetyltransferase gene in transfection experiment.

Butyrate (5 mM), Trichostatin A (1 microM) or Trapoxin A (30 nM) increased choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity in cultured rat sympathetic neurons 3- to 8-fold in 2 days. On the contrary, the three drugs decreased ChAT activity in human CHP126 cells. Butyrate had little effect on ChAT mRNA level in these cells, suggesting post-transcriptional mechanisms for the decrease in ChAT activity. However, transient transfection experiments using CHP126 cells revealed that the M promoter, but not the R promoter, of human ChAT gene was activated 20- to 130-fold by the three hyperacetylating agents. A butyrate-responsive element was localized in the 1 kbp region upstream of exon M. Constructs containing in addition the genomic segment between exons M and 1 displayed maximal basal activity and inducibility by butyrate, suggesting the presence of butyrate-activated promoter/enhancer elements in this region. The stimulatory effects of butyrate and Trichostatin A were also observed in stably transfected CHP126 clones, suggesting that the chromatin environment was not preventing the induction of the endogenous ChAT gene by butyrate. Rather, the data suggest different chromatin organizations for the stable transgene and the endogenous ChAT gene.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Quantitative determination of tautomeric FK506 by reversed-phase liquid chromatography.

The quantitative determination of FK506, an immunosuppressant for organ transplants, was studied by using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. There were three peaks corresponding to FK506 and its tautomeric compounds on the chromatogram obtained from aqueous solution. Interconversion among these compounds due to epimerization occurs and then reaches an equilibrium in aqueous solution. An increase in the water content in water-solvent solutions caused by the peak areas of FK506 and Tautomer I to decrease and that of Tautomer II to increase. For quantitative analyses of aqueous solutions this creates a problem because the composition of the mixture at equilibrium varies with the water content. A simple method, using a solution of polyoxyethylene lauryl alcohol ether (Brij-35) as a diluent, has been developed to provide a constant equilibrium. By diluting the sample with the Brij-35 diluent, it is possible to quantify FK506 in aqueous solutions. The reliability of the proposed method was confirmed with samples extracted from fermentation broth.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1996

Effect of cytokines on thrombin-stimulated increases in intracellular calcium and PGI2 production by cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

The influence of cytokines on intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and the production of prostacyclin (prostaglandin l2; PGI2) by cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were examined. HUVEC were incubated for 24 h in media containing interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN gamma), or interleukin-6 (IL-6), and thrombin-stimulated increases in [Ca2+]i and PGI2 production were then examined. Thrombin-stimulated PGI2 production by HUVEC pretreated with 10 U/mL of IL-1 beta or 200 U/mL of TNF-alpha for 24 h was potentiated, while increases in [Ca2+]i were suppressed. In contrast, HUVEC pretreated with 5000 U/mL of IFN-gamma for 24 h had both enhanced PGI2 production and increases in [Ca2+]i. IL-6 affected neither PGI2 production nor [Ca2+]i in HUVEC stimulated with thrombin. The burst increase in thrombin-stimulated PGI2 production by HUVEC pretreated with cytokines did not correlate with the increase in [Ca2+]i. Cytokines have been reported to induce enzymes involved in the arachidonic acid cascade, such as phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Therefore, the increase in [Ca2+]i does not appear to be as important for thrombin-stimulated PGI2 production as does the induction of these enzymes by cytokines.

Calcium↗
PubMed1996

Aggressive CD5-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma showing c-myc rearrangements developed in a patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

A case of CD5-positive diffuse large cell lymphoma in a patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is reported. The patient was diagnosed with AIHA in December 1988. Three and a half years later, the patient complained of fever and left sided flank pain. Abnormal lymphocytes appeared in the peripheral blood and were positive for HLA-DR, CD5, CD19, CD20, and surface immunoglobulin (mu, lambda). The pathological diagnosis of the cervical lymphnode was non-Hodgkin lymphoma; diffuse large cell type with a starry sky-like appearance. Although the 8q24 translocation was not detected by karyotypic analysis of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC), Southern blot analysis revealed that the c-myc rearrangements had occurred. This case showed two rearranged bands with Eco RI, Bam HI, or Bgl II digestion, and a germline band with Hin dIII digestion using a second exon fragment of the c-myc gene as a probe. Despite intensive chemotherapy, this patient died 6 months after being diagnosed with malignant lymphoma. We discuss the c-myc rearrangements in this aggressive CD5-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1996

A rare case of multiple atherosclerotic aneurysms involving the femoral artery.

Atherosclerotic aneurysm of the deep femoral artery is a rare peripheral aneurysm that is likely to have associated aortoiliac aneurysms. The case of a patient who had five atherosclerotic aneurysms located in the abdominal aorta, bilateral common iliac arteries, and the left common femoral and deep femoral arteries is reported. He underwent a semi-emergency operation for the aneurysm of the deep femoral artery, followed by a two-stage operation for the aortoiliac aneurysms. The aneurysm of the deep femoral artery was repaired, and reconstruction of the distal deep femoral artery successfully performed with direct anastomosis to the superficial artery. In this report, the clinical presentation of multiple atherosclerotic aneurysms and the details of surgical reconstruction are described.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

MS-271, a novel inhibitor of calmodulin-activated myosin light chain kinase from Streptomyces sp.--I. Isolation, structural determination and biological properties of MS-271.

A novel cyclic peptide, MS-271, was isolated from the culture broth of an actinomycete, Streptomyces sp. M-271 as an inhibitor of smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase (MLCK). MS-271 inhibited the MLCK from chicken gizzard with an IC50 value of 8 microM. MS-271 did not inhibit cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase C or calcium/calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase at concentrations up to 400 microM. The primary structure of MS-271 was identical to that of siamycin I, an anti-HIV peptide isolated from a microbial source.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1996

MS-271, a novel inhibitor of calmodulin-activated myosin light chain kinase from Streptomyces sp.--II. Solution structure of MS-271: characteristic features of the "lasso' structure.

MS-271 is a potent inhibitor of smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), obtained from Streptomyces sp. In the previous paper, we reported on the isolation, structural determination and biological properties of MS-271.(1) In this paper, we report on the three-dimensional structure of MS-271 determined by 1H NMR in deuterated dimethyl sulphoxide. MS-271 consists of 21 amino acid residues with a novel internal linkage between the beta-carboxyl group of Asp9 and the alpha-amino group of Cysl, and two disulfide bonds, Cys1-Cys13 and Cys7-Cys19. The internal linkage between the side chain of Asp9 and the alpha-amino group of the N-terminal residue is the same as that of the endothelin B receptor selective antagonist, RES-701-1, that we previously reported. The structural calculations involved the combined use of distance geometry and simulated annealing calculations. The results indicated that MS-271 undergoes extraordinary folding, i.e. the "tail' (Phe10-dTrp21) passes through the "ring' region (Cys1-Asp9) ("lasso' structure). This folding of MS-271 turned out to be the same as the "lasso' structure of RES-701-1. The features of this "lasso' structure are discussed on the basis of comparison between the structures of MS-271 and RES-701-1.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Soluble (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan purified from Candida albicans: biologic effects and distribution in blood and organs in rabbits.

(1-->3)-beta-D-glucan is a ubiquitous constituent of fungi, and elevated plasma glucan levels are commonly present in patients with deep mycosis or fungemia. The pharmacokinetics, biologic effects, and distribution in blood and organs of iodine 125-labeled (1--> 3)-beta-D-glucan purified from Candida albicans organisms were analyzed in rabbits during the 24-hour period after intravenous administration of this constituent. The intravascular half-life of beta-glucan was 1.8 minutes in the low-dose group (9.3 micrograms/kg, n = 3) and 1.4 minutes in the high-dose group (222 micrograms/kg, n = 3), and the total body clearance was 1.12 +/- 0.30 ml/min and 1.17 +/- 0.16 ml/min (mean +/- SD), respectively (not significantly different). The serum concentration of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan was also biologically determined by a test using coagulation factor G of the Japanese horse-shoe crab (G test). There was good correlation between the clearance of beta-glucan measured biologically and isotopically. During the 24-hour period of observation the rabbits remained well and beta-glucan failed to alter blood cell counts, tumor necrosis factor levels, or lipid metabolism. 125I-labeled beta-glucan associated with the blood cellular compartment initially was less than 3% (the majority in the platelets) and decreased further during the following 2-hour period. Over 97% of circulating 125I-labeled beta-glucan was associated with the cell-free plasma, and the majority of this glucan in plasma appeared not to be associated with lipoproteins. The liver contained more than 80% of the 125I-labeled beta-glucan detected in the six major organs analyzed.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Laparoscopic surgery for neuroblastoma identified by mass screening.

Most neuroblastoma identified by mass screening are clearly different from the clinically diagnosed tumors with respect to biology, epidemiology, and outcome. Because the neuroblastomas detected by mass screening have favorable biological features (97% survival rate at 5 years), aggressive surgery may not be appropriate for such tumors. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed on a 9-month-old boy and two 8-month-old girls who had suitable lesions. The tumors were small (< 20 mm in diameter). With the patients under general anesthesia, five trocars were placed in the abdomen. The abdominal wall traction method was used in addition to pneumoperitoneum. Intraabdominal pressure was maintained at below 4 mm Hg. The adrenal tumors were well encapsulated and completely excised, placed into a plastic bag, and removed through one of the 10-mm trocar sites. No lymphadenopathy was observed. The postoperative course was uneventful. The tumors were of favorable Shimada histology and had no N-myc gene amplification. The patients have survived, with no evidence of recurrence or metastasis, through the follow-up period of 17 to 22 months.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1996

Effects of coculture with the septum on the expression of long-term potentiation in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures.

The hippocampus receives major afferent innervation from the septum. Using organotypic slice culture, we investigated whether coculture with the septum would modulate transmission and plasticity of hippocampal synapses. In septo-hippocampal cocultures, acetylcholinesterase-positive fibers extending from septal tissue to hippocampal slice were observed. Septo-hippocampal cocultures exhibited larger magnitude of long-term potentiation (LTP) in CA3 and CA1 synapses than hippocampal slices cultured alone, without significant changes in maximal synaptic responses and macroscopic hippocampal cytoarchitecture. Unexpectedly, the facilitatory effect on hippocampal LTP was independent of afferent innervation from the septum, because (1) electrical stimulation of the cocultured septum suppressed the induction of hippocampal LTP, (2) chronic application of 1 microM atropine did not block the facilitatory effect, and (3) septo-hippocampal cocultures without contact with each other still showed a larger magnitude of LTP than hippocampal slices alone. These results suggest that diffusible factor(s) released from the septal tissue modulate functional maturation of hippocampal synapses as to the ability to support synaptic plasticity.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

The frequencies of diabetic complications in elderly non-insulin dependent diabetic patients in Himeji.

Data on 746 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were collected from the Internal Medical Association in Himeji by questionnaire, and the patients were divided into six groups according to the duration of illness. Frequencies of various complications according to the duration of illness and risk factors of complications were compared between men and women. Although the number of male patients was 417, significantly more than the 329 female patients, many female patients were elderly, and the age at initial onset was about 10 years older than that of the male patients. Fasting blood sugar and hemoglobin A1c levels increased with the duration of illness. The female patients showed a greater tendency to suffer from hypertension, hyperlipidemia and obesity than the male patients. There was positive correlation between the incidence of complications and duration of illness. This tendency was more marked in the female patients than in the male patients. Both male and female patients showed a tendency for microangiopathy to appear earlier than macroangiopathy. The increase in the frequency of complications accompanying the increase in the duration of illness was more marked for microangiopathy than for macroangiopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Plasma levels of endothelin-1 and thrombomodulin in burn patients.

Plasma concentrations of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and thrombomodulin (TM) were determined in patients with burns to examine their relation to the severity of illness. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was also measured, and its relationship to ET-1 and TM determined. Twenty-three burn patients were evaluated, who had a total burn surface area (TBSA) of at least 20 per cent. ET-1 was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). TM and TNF-alpha were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Both the ET-1 and TM concentrations were significantly higher in the patients who developed sepsis than in those who did not and in the patients who eventually died than in those who survived. Maximum plasma concentrations of ET-1 and TM were significantly correlated with the acute physiological and chronic health evaluation II score. There was also a significant correlation between the plasma levels of TNF-alpha and both ET-1 and TM. ET-1 and TM closely reflect the severity of illness in patients with burns in the infectious stage; TNF-alpha may be involved in the production of ET-1 and TM.

APACHE↗
PubMed1996

Cubital tunnel syndrome associated with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease.

Nine patients (11 elbows) presented with cubital tunnel syndrome that was complicated by calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease. Their age ranged from 63 to 86 years, and 8 of the 9 patients were more than 70 years old. X-ray film examination demonstrated the presence of CPPD crystal deposition not only in the elbow but also in the knee, wrist, or spine in all patients. Medial epicondylectomy was performed in 8 patients (9 elbows), while 1 patient with both elbows affected was treated conservatively at his request. Thickening of the ulnar collateral ligament and synovium due to CPPD crystal deposition and degenerative joint changes induced protrusion of the floor of the cubital tunnel, resulting in ulnar neuropathy in these patients. The ulnar nerve was compressed between the protruded floor and fibrous band. Though various causes of cubital tunnel syndrome have been reported, findings of this study indicate that CPPD crystal deposition disease should also be considered a cause of this syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Parallel evolution and coexpression of the proteolipid proteins and protein zero in vertebrate myelin.

Vertebrate myelin contains two proteins that mediate compaction: protein zero (P0), an immunoglobulin gene superfamily member, or proteolipid proteins, 4-hydrophobic domain-motif proteins biogenetically unrelated to P0. The prevailing view has been that expression of P0 and proteolipid proteins is mutually exclusive; P0, which mediates myelin compaction in fish, is thought to be completely replaced by the newer proteolipid proteins in the terrestrial vertebrate CNS. However, we now find that proteolipid proteins are actually major myelin constituents in bony fish and amphibia, and so are coexpressed with P0. Clearly, myelin proteolipids are not new additions to the myelin protein repertoire, but instead were ancestral sheath components, expressed approximately 440 million years ago in the first myelinated fish that existed at least approximately 100 million years before the origin of amphibians. In conclusion, P0 and the proteolipid proteins are evolving in parallel in myelinating cells of most vertebrate species.

Amino Acid Sequence↗