Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Yates.
Serotonin2 (5HT2) receptors were investigated in left and right frontal cortex of clinically and neuropathologically assessed controls. No significant difference in receptor binding between hemispheres was seen.
The sampling efficacy of the Ayre and Rocket cervical spatulas was compared in a randomized controlled trial involving 533 women who were attending a colposcopy clinic either for investigation of cytological abnormality or for review after treatment of CIN. Smears were compared with respect to the presence of cytological abnormality and two types of normal cervical epithelial cells (endocervical and immature metaplastic cells) which are considered indicators of adequate cytological sampling. Smears taken with the Rocket spatula were significantly less likely to contain immature metaplastic cells (95% CI on difference in proportion; 5-30%), but more likely to contain endocervical cells (95% CI 16-36%). No significant difference was found in the proportion of smears containing one or other type of indicator cell or in the yield of abnormal smears. It is concluded that the Rocket spatula offered no advantage when used in these circumstances. This study illustrates how spurious conclusions of sampling efficacy can be drawn if only one type of indicator cell is used as an endpoint.
The 5HT2 receptor has been studied using quantitative tritium film autoradiography in the postmortem frontal cortex of 15 cases suffering from major depression and controls, matched for age, gender, postmortem delay, and storage time. In unmedicated depressives there was a significant increase in 5HT2 receptor binding over matched control values. Antidepressant-treated depressives dying while depressed had 5HT2 receptor densities not significantly different from control values. Depressives dying euthymic, (i.e., recovered) showed a marked reduction in 5HT2 receptor binding when compared with controls. A tentative hierarchy of 5HT2 receptors in affective states is proposed.
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A case-control comparison of adequate and inadequate cervical smears (adequacy being defined as the successful detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and inadequacy as the failure to do so when disease was almost certainly present) was undertaken to determine whether indicators of effective cytological sampling could be identified. The association between inadequate smears and the absence of two types of normal epithelial cells (columnar cells of endocervical origin and immature metaplastic cells) was measured. A significant and substantial association was found between inadequate cervical smears and immature metaplastic cells and between inadequate smears and both types of cell. Endocervical cells alone were less likely to be found in inadequate than in adequate smears, but this association was not statistically significant.
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During the eight years 1973-80 the Public Health Laboratory Service Regional Centre for Tuberculosis Bacteriology received cultures of mycobacteria from 2339 patients with tuberculous lymphadenitis. Of these, 2272 were M tuberculosis (2207 human and 65 bovine strains) and 67 were other mycobacterial species, usually M avium and its intracellulare variant. Disease due to the human strains of M tuberculosis occurred most often in young women of Asian ethnic origin. Many bovine strains isolated from Asian patients differ from the classical bovine type in being sensitive to pyrazinamide: the origin of these strains, whether from other people or from cattle, is unknown. Lymphadenitis due to bovine strains tended to occur in an older age group than the human strains and probably include relatively more cases of reactivation diseases. Infection caused by the other mycobacterial species occurred mainly in young children of European origin. Tuberculosis, therefore, remains an important cause of lymphadenopathy in Britain.
The structure of serum lipoproteins in solution has been investigated by freeze-etching electron microscopy employing rapid freezing techniques. Turnip yellow mosaic virus was used to demonstrate the performance of these techniques and their capability to provide information about the structure of particles in solution. Low-density lipoproteins appeared to deviate markedly from a smooth spherical shape. Instead, the outer layer of the particles appeared to consist of a small number of globules. The number, dimensions, and arrangements of the globules agree remarkably with the tetrahedral model proposed by Luzzati et al. for the low temperature form of LDL. Further, we show that the freeze-etching electron microscopy technique may be capable of providing structural information with other lipoproteins.
Open surgery is recommended for complex fractures whenever primary conservative treatment fails to satisfactorily reduce the femoral head and the weight-bearing dome of the acetabulum. Surgical exposure has been a major problem in attempting open reduction of these fractures. The classification of acetabular fractures noted above is a useful guide to the indications for open operation. A transtrochanteric lateral approach provides a good extra and intraarticular access to the acetabulum. The excellent clinical results achieved in 28 cases of complex acetabular fractures with a mean of 5.7 year follow-up testify to the value of this approach.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
In the forensic service there is a disproportionate number of ethnic minority patients. Providing culturally sensitive care has not been given a high priority within formal nurse education in the past. This article describes a training programme for nurses working in a forensic service aimed at promoting culturally sensitive care. The programme included methods of raising awareness, motivation and interest in training on this subject.