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Biomedical subjects

M Yasuno

Publications and source records attributed to M Yasuno.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[The autonomic nerve preserving radical resection for the patients with lower rectal cancer].

From 1988, we have begun the autonomic nerve preserving radical lymph adenectomy for the patients with lower rectal advanced cancer. The most important point to perform this method is the correct and well acquainted anatomical knowledge with the lower pelvis especially for the lateral area and distal area of internal iliac artery. Although there is some possibility that the cancer cells remain around the nerve system in the case of advanced cancer with lymph node involving, the sharp dissection can be possible to achieve the radical lymphadenectomy with autonomic nerve preserving in lateral area. The 5 years survival rate of the total cases which was consisted with more than 40% of Dukes C cases was 83% and that of the patients with lateral lymph node metastasis was 56%. The local recurrence rate was 3.4% in all cases, and 7.2% in Dukes C cases. Concerning with post operative urinary function, the urinary function was excellent when the bi-lateral nerve system was preserved and fare in uni-lateral preservation. But as to the sexual function in male patients was not satisfactory in uni-lateral preservation, and fare in bi-lateral preservation.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMed1997

[The outcome of the postoperative radiotherapy of autonomic nerve preserving operation for lower rectal cancer].

PURPOSE: It is unclear whether adjuvant radiotherapy before or after surgery is effective for locally advanced, resectable lower rectal cancer. This study consists of a prospective randomized trial of postoperative radiotherapy for locally advanced curatively resected lower rectal carcinoma. METHODS: We divided patients into two groups, one with postoperative 50 Gy radiation therapy to pelvic wall (N = 64), and the other with no radiation therapy (N = 46). RESULTS: The 5 year disease-free rate was 61.8% in the radiation group and 70.6% in the no radiation group. There was statistically no significant difference between these two groups. The local recurrence rate was 2.7% (radiation therapy group: 1.6%, no radiation therapy group: 4.3%). This local recurrence rate was very low. These results made us suspect that postoperative radiation therapy was not always necessary to prevent local recurrence. Postoperative complications had a higher incidence in the radiation therapy group than in the no-radiation therapy group. In the radiation therapy group, 35.5% of the patients suffered from diarrhea or frequent defecation, and 10.8% from severe abdominal pain. We operated on 4 cases of radiation-induced ileal stenosis and ileus. CONCLUSION: Postoperative radiation therapy did not help prevent local recurrence even though many complications resulted.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Assessment of serial carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA): monitor to evaluate efficacy of continuous intrahepatic chemotherapy for nonresectable liver metastases of colorectal carcinomas].

It is not easy to evaluate the efficacy of the regional chemotherapy for liver metastases early by imaging procedures. We attempted to find out whether the changes of serial CEA levels under treatment were useful to predict the therapeutic progress for 24 patients with nonresectable liver metastases of colorectal cancer, but without extrahepatic tumor. Continuous intrahepatic chemotherapy was performed in all cases with 5-FU (250 mg/body) over 7 days, followed by a 7-day therapy-free interval for a mean 4.5 months. CT examination revealed CR or PR in 20 patients, mean 4 months after the beginning of treatment, and PD in 4. Among the CR or PR patients, serial CEA levels at 1 month after the beginning of chemotherapy were decreased in most cases, and not changed or little increased in a few cases; but at 2 months after, decreased markedly in all cases. On the other hand, those in PD they were group increased markedly about three times as much as pretreatment. At the same time, Al-p and LDH values were normal in the regression group, but abnormal in the progression group. The changes in serial CEA levels at 1 months after chemotherapy were useful to predict the therapeutic progress. Especially in the CEA-increased patients at 1 month after treatment, the Al-p and LDH values were helpful for evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical significance of platelet volume indices estimated by automated blood cell analyzer].

Clinical significance of platelet volume indices (Platelet distribution width: PDW, Mean platelet volume: MPV, Platelet large cell ratio: P-LCR) estimated by automated blood cell analyzer (Sysmex NE-8000) was studied in 29 ITP cases and 17 cases with platelet hypoproduction which diagnosis was established by platelet kinetic study, megakaryocyte counts and the amount of platelet-associated IgG. These indices were not obtained by analyzer in 48% of 23 cases with platelet count less than 50 x 10(9)/l and 23% of 31 cases with platelet counts ranged in 50-100 x 10(9)/l. The coefficient of variation (CV) of PDW, MPV and P-LCR estimated 5 times in samples with platelet count more than 100 x 10(9)/l was 2%, 1% and 2.3%, respectively. In samples with platelet count less than 50 x 10(9)/l, CV of each index increased 3 times or more. Only four out of 22 ITP cases with platelet count less than 100 x 10(9)/l showed increased platelet volume and remaining 18 cases showed normal volume. In 12 cases with platelet hypoproduction, 3 cases showed increase of platelet volume and one case showed decrease of volume. Significant correlation was observed in between PDW and platelet survival time (r = -0.41, p < 0.05) and in between PDW and platelet turnover rate (r = 0.38, p < 0.05) in 29 ITP cases. Although the various changes of platelet volume indices during recovery phase after chemotherapy were observed in cases of acute leukemia or malignant lymphoma, these one were not a characteristic change in recovery phase of platelet under-production but rather different in each individual.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1994

A case of acute myocardial infarction. Intracoronary thrombosis in two major coronary arteries due to hormone therapy.

A fifty-four-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for a sensation of tightness in the chest of one hour's duration. She had undergone surgery for breast cancer two years previously and had been taking 30 mg of tamoxifen and 1200 mg of medroxyprogesterone daily after surgery. Emergency coronary angiography on admission revealed thrombi in both the right coronary artery and the left anterior descending coronary artery. Tissue-type plasminogen activator was injected into both coronary arteries, resulting in diminution of thrombus size. Repeat coronary angiography on the next day disclosed no thrombus in either artery and no significant stenosis. Electrocardiographic and laboratory data indicated myocardial infarction. These findings strongly suggest that the combination hormone therapy altered the patient's blood coagulability and played an important role in the formation of the intracoronary thrombi and subsequent acute myocardial infarction.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1993

Risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis and silent cerebral infarction in patients with coronary heart disease.

In this study, the authors examined relations between coronary and carotid atherosclerosis and between coronary atherosclerosis and silent cerebral infarction. They ascertained the risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis and silent cerebral infarction complicating coronary heart disease (CHD) in 77 Japanese subjects. As coronary atherosclerosis progressed, the carotid ultrasonographic score and the brain computed tomographic score increased. Multivariate analyses showed that the significant and independent risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in patients with CHD were age (p < 0.01) and apolipoprotein (apo) B (p < 0.05) and the factors for silent cerebral infarction were age (p < 0.05) and hypertension (p < 0.05). Their study confirms a positive relation between coronary atherosclerosis and carotid atherosclerosis and between coronary atherosclerosis and silent cerebral infarction in patients with CHD. Their data suggest that carotid atherosclerosis should be looked for in patients with CHD who are old and have a high value of apo B, and silent cerebral infarction should be looked for in those who are old and have hypertension, to prevent complicating symptomatic cerebral vascular disease (CVD). If severe carotid atherosclerosis or silent cerebral infarction are detected, antithrombotic medication should be given.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

[Age and sex dependent distribution pattern and normal range of blood cell parameters obtained by automated blood cell analyzer].

Distribution and normal value of 23 blood cell parameters in healthy 2509 males and 1658 females (20-69 year of age) who are the visitors of our health examination clinic or workers of the hospital were studied. These parameters were obtained by automated cell analyzer (Sysmex NE-8000, Toa Med. Electronics). Distribution pattern and normal range of 23 parameters were studied in different groups of the sex and the age (decade). Distribution of the parameters in each groups was classified into 5 patterns such as Gaussian (G), log-Gaussian (L), skewed toward lower values (P1), skewed toward higher values with shorter tail than of log-Gaussian (P2), skewed toward higher values with longer tail than of log-Gaussian (P3). Normal range of parameters in each groups was calculated by mean +/- 1.96SD of normal distribution curve obtained by power transformation procedure in L, P1, P2 and P3 distribution. Parameters concerning leukocytes and platelets showed rarely G distribution in each groups. Significant sex difference was observed in leukocyte count (male > female, p < 0.001) and platelet count (female > male, p < 0.01) in each age group. Normal values of newly analysed parameters as volume distribution curve of erythrocytes and platelets, mean platelet volume and large platelet ratio were established.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Use of a rate responsive pacemaker in sick sinus syndrome].

In this study of 10 patients with sick sinus syndrome, we examined the benefits of a single-chamber ventricular pacing system that utilizes a sensor to detect the QT interval and then adjusts the heart rate. Changes in exercise tolerance capacity and cardiac function were evaluated when the pacing mode was changed from rate-variable mode (VVIR) to fixed-rate mode (VVI). Anaerobic threshold (AT), peak VO2 and cardiac output were measured in VVIR, during short-term VVI(VVI-S), which occurred two hours after the pacing mode was changed, and during long-term VVI (VVI-L), which occurred one month after the pacing mode was changed. 8 of 10 cases (80%) had their own beats during exercise. The AT and peak VO2 during VVI-S were not different from those during VVIR. However, AT and peak VO2 during VVI-L were significantly lower than those during VVIR pacing. (Respectively, 11.7 +/- 2.4 vs. 16.4 +/- 3.3, p < 0.01; 21.5 +/- 5.9 vs. 24.6 +/- 6.2, p < 0.01). At AT and peak VO2, there were no differences in cardiac output between VVIR and VVI-S, or between VVIR and VVI-L(NS). Physiologic changes in heart rate and cardiac output after exercise during VVIR were greater than those during VVI pacing. The present study suggests the above-mentioned changes after exercise effect, oxygen consumption in the peripheral circulation, which might lower exercise tolerance capacity in the chronic phase. The rate-variable pacing mode might improve exercise tolerance capacity and may be of benefit for patients with sick sinus syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Takayasu's arteritis with collateral circulation from the right coronary artery to intracranial vessels--a case report.

A forty-four-year-old woman with Takayasu's arteritis and involvement of the aortic arch and its main branches complained of precordial pain on effort. Exercise electrocardiograms revealed significant ST segment depression in leads II, III, aVF, and V. Coronary arteriograms demonstrated no stenosis. However, the right coronary arteriogram revealed collateral circulation arising from the sinus node artery to the bilateral vertebral arteries and the left internal carotid artery. The collateral circulation was considered to be an important route of blood flow supply to the brain and, at the same time, a cause of coronary steal syndrome and, consequently, of angina pectoris.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A case of aortitis syndrome with coronary steal syndrome due to collateral circulation from the right coronary artery to intracranial vessels].

A 44-year old female with aortitis syndrome complained of precordial pain on effort. Exercise electrocardiograms revealed significant ST segment depression in leads II, III, aVF and V. Coronary arteriograms demonstrated no stenosis. However, the right coronary arteriogram revealed collateral circulation arising from the sinus node artery to the bilateral vertebral arteries and the left internal carotid artery. Collateral vessels in aortitis.syndrome arising from the coronary artery to the lung have been reported sporadically. However, to our knowledge, the collateral circulation from the coronary artery to intracranial vessels as seen in the present case has never been reported. In the present case, the left ventricular hypertrophy was observed on electrocardiograms and echocardiograms. It can not be denied that it was a cause of the angina pectoris. However, exercise myocardial scintigraphy showed transient myocardial ischemia at stress on the inferoposterior wall corresponding to leads II, III, aVF and V on electrocardiograms. Therefore, coronary steal syndrome due to the collateral pathway from the coronary artery may be considered a likely cause of the angina pectoris. The collateral circulation was considered to be an important route of blood flow supply to the brain and, at the same time, a cause of coronary steal syndrome and consequently angina pectoris.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Influence of persistence period of an insecticide on recovery patterns of a zooplankton community in experimental ponds.

An insecticide, carbaryl, was applied singly or repeatedly to experimental ponds in order to control the residue of the chemical, and the subsequent changes in the zooplankton community were investigated. In ponds where a single application of carbaryl, which degraded rapidly in the water, was made, cladocerans were reduced, but recovered soon and suppressed rotifers through competition. On the other hand, in ponds receiving repeated chemical applications, the treatment suppressed cladocerans for longer and induced the occurrence of abundant rotifers. The rotifer abundance after the treatment seemed to depend on the persistence period of the chemical. From these findings it can be hypothesized that applications of chemicals which have different degradation rates induce different zooplankton community structures.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

[A case of primary coronary artery dissection].

Primary coronary artery dissection occurring as a spontaneous event and not associated with trauma due to catheter manipulation is rare. We recently experienced (a case of) a 52-year-old man with primary artery dissection. He was admitted to our hospital with severe chest pain as his chief complaint on September 6, 1988. Electrocardiography and laboratory data showed acute inferior myocardial infarction. He was treated with medication and underwent coronary angiograms on October 3, 1988. Right coronary angiogram revealed an intimal flap and false lumen. But right coronary angiograms 6 months after the onset of myocardial infarction revealed progression of stenosis but no intimal flap, and coronary spasm was not evoked after acetylcholine administration. Primary coronary artery dissection has been reported since Pretty's first description of it in 1931. The majority of earlier cases were diagnosed at autopsy, but recently reports of survivors have been increasing due to the progress in and popularization of coronary angiographic technics. This case is the 46th case of primary coronary dissection found by coronary angiography. So it is not extremely rare. In our case the involved artery was the right coronary artery. In survivors, right coronary artery dissection is more frequent than left, because the area supplied by the right coronary artery is smaller than the area supplied by the left one. Although in our case coronary artery stenosis progressed, after a long term resolution of dissection may occur. There are a few cases in which resolution of dissection occurred naturally.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1989

Effects of carbaryl on the spring zooplankton communities in ponds.

A carbamate insecticide, carbaryl, was applied in spring to concrete ponds to study its effects on zooplankton communities. The population density of Cladocera (Daphnia spp.) was nearly constant before application of the chemical. Carbaryl at 1 ppm killed all zooplankton species, including Chaoborus larvae. After treatment, cladocerans never recovered to their previous level. The relatively rapid recovery of a predator, Chaoborus, seemed to interfere with recovery of the cladoceran populations. The lower water temperature occurring in spring was thought to favour the former because of its influence on growth rates.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

Effects of temephos on zooplankton communities in enclosures in a shallow eutrophic lake.

An organophosphorus insecticide, temephos, was applied to large-volume (105 m3) enclosures set up in a shallow eutrophic lake. Application of the chemical at a target concentration of 500 microg litre(-1) eliminated almost all zooplankters. No recovery of cladocerans was evident at the termination of the experiment (47th day after the treatment). Copepods showed a slight recovery after having been absent for 26 days in one enclosure and 40 days in another. The residual chemical remaining in the water until the final day may have suppressed the recovery of the crustacean zooplankters. The rotifer community was reconstructed 16-20 days after the treatment. However, the species composition of this community differed from that of the rotifer community in the control enclosures. Rotifer species might therefore show differences in susceptibility to temephos.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1987

Chronic effects of Cd on the reproduction of the guppy (Poecilia reticulata) through Cd-accumulated midge larvae (Chironomus yoshimatsui).

Chronic effects of Cd on the growth and reproduction of the guppy (Poecilia reticulata) were studied using a food chain model, midge larvae as prey and guppy as predator. The transfer rate of Cd from the midge to the guppy was between 0.5 and 1% during the 30-day experiment. Growth rate of the guppy fed Cd-accumulated midge larvae (270 micrograms/g dry wt) for 30 days was not impaired. Cumulative numbers of fry produced by the guppy fed Cd-accumulated midge larvae (210 micrograms/g) for 2 months decreased to ca. 80% of the control. Guppies had been fed the Cd-accumulated midges from 30 days old for 7 months. Cumulative numbers of fry produced by the guppy fed midge larvae-accumulated 500, 800, and 1,300 micrograms Cd/g for 6 months decreased to 79, 65, and 55% of the control, respectively. Similar effects of Cd on the reproduction of guppy were shown between the guppies fed the Cd-accumulated midge larvae (500 micrograms Cd/g) and exposed to 10 or 20 micrograms Cd/liter for the 6 months. The Cd concentrations of the digestive tract, liver, and kidney increased strongly, indicating that such Cd accumulation was brought on mainly through the Cd-accumulated midges. Mortality of the female guppies fed larvae-accumulated 1,300 micrograms Cd/g increased abruptly from the 6 months of the experiment, whereas no male guppy died during the experiment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Effects of a carbamate insecticide, carbaryl, on the summer phyto- and zooplankton communities in ponds.

A carbamate insecticide, carbaryl (1-naphthyl-N-methylcarbamate), was applied in concrete ponds and the effects on plankton communities were studied. In a control pond, Cladocera declined following the increase in the density of inedible algae after a cladoceran peak. Once the density of Cladocera became low, Chaoborus larvae suppressed the increase of Cladocera and consequently supported the rotifer dominance in the zooplankton community by their selective predation on cladocerans. In a treated pond, the plankton community and its succession were similar to those in the control pond until the chemical application. 1 ppm of carbaryl killed all zooplankton and Chaoborus larvae. Cladocera reappeared soon and increased rapidly due to the absence of Chaoborus larvae. Consequently, rotifer populations were suppressed. Thus, the chemical application altered the dominance of rotifers to that of cladocerans. The same phenomenon was observed again after the second chemical application 12 days after. Although apparent direct effects of the chemical application on phytoplankton were not found, the phytoplankton community structure changed following the changes in the zooplankton density.

Journal Article↗