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Biomedical subjects

M Yasuda

Publications and source records attributed to M Yasuda.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Idebenone improves cerebral mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in a patient with MELAS.

We report a 36-year-old man with MELAS in whom a 5-month course of high-dose oral idebenone, a derivative of coenzyme Q10, increased markedly cerebral metabolic ratio of oxygen and oxygen extraction fraction without increased cerebral blood flow with PET. The results indicate that idebenone improves mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in the brain and suggest a therapeutic potential of idebenone for MELAS.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Structure-activity relationships of dermorphin analogues containing chiral piperazin-2-one and piperazine derivatives.

The amide and ester carbonyl groups of four piperazin-2-one derivatives (N,N'-ethylene-bridged dipeptide ethyl esters) constructed from (R)- or (S)-phenylalanine and glycine were reduced with borane-tetrahydrofuran complex to produce the corresponding piperazine derivatives in 70-80% yields. These piperazin-2-one or piperazine derivatives were used as the carboxyl-terminal residues of eight dermorphin analogues (H-tyrosyl-D-alanyl-piperazine derivatives were used as the carboxyl-terminal residues of eight dermorphin analogues (H-tyrosyl-D-alanyl-piperazin-2-one or piperazine derivatives) whose opiate activities were examined in vitro by use of the guinea pig ileum and the mouse vas deferens assays. It was found in the guinea pig ileum assay that the configuration of pheylalanine and the replacement of the piperazin-2-one ring with a piperazine ring are important for enhancing or reducing the opiate activities of these analogues.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMed1996

Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium in men with gonococcal urethritis.

A significant association of Mycoplasma genitalium with non-gonococcal urethritis has been reported, but the prevalence of this mycoplasma in men with gonococcal urethritis has not been so well studied. In this study, we examined urethral swab specimens from 45 Japanese male patients with gonococcal urethritis for the presence of M. genitalium by using a polymerase chain reaction-based assay. We also sought Chlamydia trachomatis by an enzyme immunoassay (Chlamydiazyme). Of the 45 specimens, 2 (4.4%) were positive for the mycoplasma and 12 (26.7%) were positive for C. trachomatis. The findings suggest that M. genitalium may be a cause not only of non-gonococcal urethritis but also of postgonococcal urethritis.

Gonorrhea↗
PubMed1996

Treatment for patients with recurrent abortion with positive antiphospholipid antibodies using a traditional Chinese herbal medicine.

Twelve patients with recurrent abortion who had shown positive antiphospholipid antibodies were treated through the administration of a Japanese modified traditional Chinese herbal medicine Sairei-To (Chan ling-Tang) The patients had experienced a total of 27 spontaneous abortions in their previous pregnancies and had no other pregnancy history except for one patient. The patients were treated with 9.0 g of Sairei-To per day before their next pregnancy. The positive value of antiphospholipid antibodies returned to negative in 9 patients out of 12 patients through the treatment. Out of 12 patients, in 10 patients, their new pregnancy continued uneventfully and delivered an offspring (Success rate: 83.3%). Thus, the current treatment was considered to be an effective therapy for patients with recurrent abortion who were found to be positive for antiphospholipid antibodies.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1996

Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation initiated by a short-coupled ventricular premature beat.

We report the case of a 38-year-old man who had idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (VF) which initiated by abnormally short-coupled ventricular premature beats. VF was successfully prevented by the combination of pilsicainide, propranolol, and verapamil. In particular, the effects of pilsicainide are assumed to exert an important effect in controlling this arrhythmia. Class Ic drugs may be effective for preventing VF initiated by short-coupled VPBs.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Comparison of mammary gland growth and some physiological parameters in a high mammary tumor strain of SHN mice and ICR, most popular and 'normal' mice.

As a possible step in examining the difference between pathological models and most popular and 'normal' models, the mammary gland and some parameters were compared in SHN mice, a high mammary tumor strain, and ICR mice. SHN was lower than ICR in almost all urinary component levels as indicators of general metabolic activity in both the female and the male, and glucose tolerance in the female. Body weight and several organ weights including liver and kidneys were lower in SHN than in ICR. Normal and preneoplastic mammary gland growth and TGF alpha mRNA expression in the glands of the female were much higher in SHN than in ICR. These findings stress the importance of having a right knowledge of the parameters of 'normal' animals, especially for researchers using pathological models.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis associated with infections: report of two cases.

Two rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) during the course of infection are herein reported. One patient developed SIADH during the course of a localized cutaneous herpes zoster infection while the other developed SIADH in conjunction with Staphylococcus simulans septicemia. We consider that the development of SIADH was strongly associated with superimposed infections in the underlying RA. This is the first report discussing the association of SIADH and infections in RA patients in which SIADH is diagnosed by measurement of plasma ADH.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[A study on the association between glandular dysplasia and cervical squamous neoplasia in surgical specimens].

To clarify the pathogenesis of cervical adenocarcinoma, we studied the biological properties of glandular dysplasia (GD). The coexistence of squamous neoplasia with cervical adenocarcinoma has been demonstrated. We analyzed the incidence of the coexistence of GD with squamous neoplasia in this study. Materials were surgically removed uterine cervix specimens (n = 142), 52 benign disease cases, 19 squamous dysplasias of the uterine cervix, 66 squamous cell carcinomas of the uterine cervix and 5 cervical adenocarcinomas. Diagnosis of GD was based on the general rules for clinical and pathological management of uterine cervical cancer and Ng's criteria (1983). We divided GD into two types: I: endocervical type, and II: endometrioid type. These fell into subtypes, a (mild) and b (severe) based on the observed degrees of cell atypia. 1. GD coexisted in 17.3% of benign disease cases, 15.8% of squamous dysplasias, 24.2% of squamous cell carcinomas and 100% of cervical adenocarcinomas. 2. GD Ib and IIb were not found in any of the benign disease cases, but were present in 15.8% of squamous dysplasias, 13.6% of squamous cell carcinomas and 100% of cervical adenocarcinomas. If GD was defined as only Ib and IIb, GD coexisted with squamous neoplasia in this study. Our results support the theory that both cervical squamous atypia and cervical glandular atypia are derived from reserve cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

[Leiomyosarcoma of the scrotum: a case report].

A case of leiomyosarcoma of the scrotum is reported. A 44-year-old man referred to our hospital with the complaint of swelling of the left scrotal contents. The lesion was about 3 cm in diameter, isolated from testis, epididymis and spermatic cord. Ultrasonography revealed hypoechoic and slightly heterogenic area in the lesion. Surgical resection was easily done. Histological examination showed leiomyosarcoma. Adjuvant therapy was not performed. Three years after the resection, he is alive without any sign of recurrence or metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Intermediate filaments].

The antibodies for intermediate filaments, including keratin, vimentin, desmin, GFAP and neurofilaments, have been much useful in routinely-processed immunohistochemical study for identifying characteristics of tumor cells or making the definite diagnosis. In general, when neoplastic transformation has taken place, the affected cells would reveal to some extent alterated immunolocalization of intermediate filaments in the cytoplasm. Whether the tumor cells are of epithelial or non-epithelial origin is significant from diagnostic points of view when utilizing those intermediate filaments as tumor markers. But there are many "exceptional" cases of epithelial tumors with expression of vimentin, or those of non-epithelial tumors with expression of keratin, indicating some "variants". Immunohistochemical application of the intermediate filaments is indispensable not only as "a diagnostic tool for surgical pathologists", but also a method for analyzing relationship between morphological changes and functional aspects of the tumor cells.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

Correlated expression of matrix metalloproteinases and ets family transcription factor E1A-F in invasive oral squamous-cell-carcinoma-derived cell lines.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. Transcription regulatory regions of MMP genes often contain binding sites for ets transcription factors. We recently isolated a cDNA encoding human E1A-F, a member of the ets oncogene family, and showed that E1A-F can upregulate MMP genes by CAT assay. We attempted to investigate the relationship between E1A-F mRNA expression and MMP protein expression in four different types of oral squamous-cell-carcinoma-derived cell lines (HSC 3, SAS, KB, and Ca 9.22). HSC 3 and SAS are highly invasive cell lines when they are injected in the tongue of nude mice. Raft culture of HSC 3 and SAS revealed the same characteristics as seen in tumors implanted in vivo. Both type I collagenase (MMP-1) and 92-kd type IV collagenase (MMP-9) were detected in cultured HSC 3 and SAS cells. E1A-F mRNA was demonstrated to be highly expressed in HSC 3 and SAS by Northern blotting, and in situ hybridization confirmed E1A-F mRNA expression at the invasion front of tumor cells seeded on collagen gel. On the other hand, KB and Ca 9.22 have little potential for invasion, and MMP-1 and MMP-9 protein and E1A-F mRNA could not be detected. These results suggest that the ets-related E1A-F participates in the regulation of invasion-associated MMP genes and is involved in presenting invasive activity in tumor cells of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1996

Oesophageal cancer coexisting with colorectal lesions.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence of colorectal lesions in patients who present with oesophageal cancer. DESIGN: Prospective open study. SETTING: University hospital, Japan. SUBJECTS: 135 of 218 patients who presented with squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus during the seven year period 1988-1994 were randomly allocated to have a barium enema examination. INTERVENTIONS: Barium enema examinations, and if colorectal lesions were found, colonoscopy and biopsy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Incidence of coexistent colorectal lesions. RESULTS: No abnormal findings were found in 52 (39%), diverticula were present on 37 (27%), benign polypoid lesions in 51 (38%), and malignant lesions in 6 (4%). We examined the clinical and histopathological details of all patients to see if it was possible to distinguish the patients at high risk of developing oesophageal and colorectal cancer but could find no differences among the groups. CONCLUSION: Asymptomatic colorectal lesions are relatively common in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus in Japan.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Stimulation of albumin synthesis in rat hepatocytes by ascites from patients with cirrhosis.

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), identified in ultrafiltered ascites and plasma from patients with cirrhosis, enhances the DNA synthesis in adult rat hepatocytes cultured at low cell density. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of ascites and plasma from patients with cirrhosis on liver-specific functions such as albumin synthesis in adult rat hepatocytes cultured at confluent-cell density. Ultrafiltered ascites from patients with cirrhosis and its ascitic protein, partially purified by fractionation with ammonium sulfate and gel filtration on Sephadex G-200, stimulated albumin synthesis in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of 10(-8), M dexamethasone. This effect was greater than that of 10(-7) M insulin and similar to that of 10(-7) M dexamethasone, but was additive with that of insulin plus dexamethasone. The molecular weight of the ascitic factor was estimated as 100,000 to 150,000, corresponding to that of HGF purified from cirrhotic ascites. Moreover, the partially purified ascitic factor markedly stimulated DNA and protein synthesis in hepatocytes. These findings suggest that the ascitic factor may act as HGF by stimulating hepatocyte DNA and albumin synthesis in a cell density-dependent manner.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Detection of human papillomavirus DNA sequences in oral squamous cell carcinomas and their relation to p53 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression.

BACKGROUND: The etiology of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is still obscure. Since human papillomavirus (HPV) DNAs are associated with carcinoma of the uterine cervix, carcinomas of the oral cavity were investigated to ascertain if these viruses are present in squamous carcinomas of this anatomic site. METHODS: Seventy-seven oral mucosal SCCs were examined for the presence of HPV DNAs by polymerase chain reaction and dot blot hybridization. Immunohistochemical detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p53 was performed and single strand conformation polymorphism analysis for p53 was undertaken. In situ hybridization detection of HPV-16 DNA also was performed. RESULTS: Human papillomavirus-16 DNA was detected in 23 cases of oral SCC and both HPV-16 and HPV-18 DNA were detected in one case of tongue SCC. Human papillomavirus DNAs were detected of 11 of 33 tongue, 4 of 15 gingival, 2 of 4 palate, 2 of 5 buccal mucosa, 3 of 7 maxillary sinus, and 2 of 11 the floor of the mouth SCCs. None were detected in SCCs of the retromolar region (0/2). Immunohistochemical examination for p53 was performed in 26 cases of oral SCC and the accumulation of p53 protein was observed in 6 cases (i.e., in 4 of 17 HPV DNA-negative cases and in 2 of 9 HPV DNA-positive cases). Single strand conformation polymorphism analysis confirmed gene mutations in all 6 cases. Human papillomavirus-16 DNA was predominantly identified in cancer cells that showed a morphologic resemblance to basal cells and its hybridized signal in keratinized cells was reduced by in situ hybridization detection. Immunohistochemical detection of PCNA revealed its cooccurrence with HPV-16 DNA in cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that HPV-16 DNA sequences may have the capability to maintain the proliferative state of epithelial cells, and may contribute to the production of malignant phenotypes.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Stable production of mutant mice from double gene converted ES cells with puromycin and neomycin.

The antibiotic puromycin is an effective inhibitor of protein synthesis and puromycin N-acetyl transferase gene could be used as a dominant selection marker. We report the effective production of mutant mice from double gene-converted ES cells by selection with G418 and puromycin. We confirmed that (i) puromycin efficiently inhibited the growth of ES cells at a low-dose (0.1 microgram/ml) and for a short time (2 days), independent of G418 selection; (ii) when these selected ES cells were injected into eight-cell stage embryos, the cells produced chimeras with high levels of chimerism; (iii) these chimeric males were fertile and exclusively yielded ES cell-derived offspring; and (iv) each offspring contained both neomycin transferase and puromycin N-acetyl transferase genes.

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1995

Carcinogenesis and histogenesis of esophageal carcinoma.

Dysplasia is one of the most important subjects regarding carcinogenesis of the esophagus, because there is continuing controversy as to whether esophageal dysplasia is a cancerous lesion or a noncancerous lesion. In this study, it is histopathologically shown that dysplasia has a close correlation with cancer itself and that there is no substantial difference in the cell proliferative activity of dysplasia and intraepithelial carcinoma. These findings thus show that dysplasia has as high a potential for malignancy, thus it should be treated as an extremely early cancerous lesion of the esophagus to substantially improve the long term results of this disease. Conversely, esophageal carcinoma with glandular and/or mucus-secreting components is commonly found in addition to the ordinary component of squamous cell carcinoma, which indicates that this type of esophageal tumor originates not only from the squamous epithelium but also from the esophageal mucus gland or the ductal epithelium. These findings support the concept of field carcinogenesis in esophageal carcinoma.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Dermatoglyphics on volar skin of mice: the normal pattern.

BACKGROUND: Mouse volar skin has many protrusions, both large and small. They can be observed more clearly after removal of the epidermis, as they are chiefly constructed of dermal structures. They form "dermatoglyphs." This report describes the normal pattern of these protrusions to establish a normal standard for detection of abnormalities. METHODS: Limbs of young and adult mice were fixed in 10% formalin and treated with 5% KOH to remove the epidermis layer. They were observed under a dissecting microscope after toluidine blue staining, or by scanning electron microscopy. Several limbs were used for light microscopic observation. RESULTS: Four types of protrusions are observed. 1) Digital pads: single large pads on each digital tip. They locate over the distal phalanx. 2) Interdigital pads and carpal (tarsal) pads (or thenar and hypothenar pads): large pads similar to digital pads. There are five on the palm and six on the sole. 3) Caterpillar pads: elongated thin protrusions on the ventral side of the digits. They form stripes transverse to the axis of the digits. 4) Cobblestone pads: many small protrusions between the interdigital and carpal (tarsal) pads. "Caterpillar pads" and "cobblestone pads" are reported here for the first time. Each pad contains sweat glands and has sweat duct openings and dermal ridges on its top. CONCLUSIONS: A detailed description of the normal pattern is indispensable for identification of abnormal patterns. The present description, therefore, can be used as a normal standard when genetically or environmentally induced anomalies are assessed.

Animals↗