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Biomedical subjects

M Yamashiro

Publications and source records attributed to M Yamashiro.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Anaerobic bacteria in biliary disease in elderly patients.

Gallbladder bile from 52 elderly subjects who had undergone biliary tract surgery was examined for the presence of bacteria. Twelve patients had sterile bile, 18 specimens of bile yielded anaerobes as well as aerobes, and 22 yielded aerobic bacteria only. Escherichia coli was the most commonly isolated organism (30 strains). Bacteroides fragilis was the most frequently encountered anaerobic bacterium and was found in 15 patients. The Klebsiella-Enterobacter group was the second most commonly isolated group and B. fragilis was third. Clostridium perfringens was recovered in 10 specimens of bile. Anaerobic bacteria were recovered more frequently in patients with ductal obstruction. The relatively frequent isolation of anaerobes, especially of B. fragilis, in this study may be related to the anaerobic techniques used, to the age of the patients, and to the high incidence of pigment stones among the subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Quantitation of bidirectional shunt from a single dye-dilution curve.

A method for quantitating intracardiac bidirectional shunt and estimating its blood flow is presented. Three curves, defined as "right-to-left shunt curve", "normal pathway curve", and "left-to-right shunt curve" were separately drawn from the original downstream dye-dilution curve, and their areas ?A'', A, A', respectively, were calculated in the conventional manner. A'/A showed left-to-right shunt ratio (QL-R%) even in the presence of right-to-left shunt. However, right-to-left shunt ratio (QR-L%) was given by (1-A'/A)/(A/A'' + 1--A'/A), and equalled A''/(A + A'') only when left-to-right shunt was absent (A' equals O). A''/(A + A) should become increasingly higher than QR-L% with rise in QL-R% (equals A'/A). The relationship between A''/(A + A'') and QR-L% for various A/A isopleths is shown by figure. A good agreement (r equals 0.848, p less than 0.001) was found between QL-R% values by the present method and those calculated by the oxygen method. In contrast, QR-L% values by the present method were consistently lower than those by the oxygen method; the difference was exaggerated especially in cases with history of cardiac failure, and these cases tended to show lower systemic flow. The average difference in QR-L% between the two methods, found in cases free from failure, was 7 per cent. This was thought to be ascribed to intrapulmonary physiological shunt.

Adolescent↗