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Biomedical subjects

M Yamaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Yamaguchi.

At least 1,477 records · Page 82Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[In vivo chemosensitivity test for UFT and FT-207. I--Subrenal capsule assay].

A chemosensitivity test for UFT and FT-207, which are used in long-term administration clinically, was investigated for prediction of clinical response. Five transplantation-established human tumor xenograft systems were examined using subrenal capsule assay. Both anticancer agents showed antiproliferative effects according to the total administered dose. Two of 5 tumors were determined to be sensitive to UFT using microscopic measurements following intragastric administration of 1/2 of the LD50 value, while they were shown to be resistant to 5-FU. In these two cases, prolongation of life span by long-term administration of UFT was shown clinically. All these experiments could be performed on condition that the loss of body weight in mice was less than 20%. These results suggest that in the 4-day subrenal capsule assay, clinical responses to long-term administration of UFT or FT-207 are predictable using intragastric high-dose administration which does not induce more than 20% body weight loss in experimental mice.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[In vivo chemosensitivity test for UFT and FT-207. II. Chemosensitivity test on human tumor xenografts transplanted in nude mice].

The present study was designed to predict the clinical effect of UFT and FT-207 in short-term administration using a nude mouse-xenograft system. Five human tumor xenografts transplanted into nude mice were used. UFT and FT-207 were administered with the LD10 doses orally for seven consecutive days. Tumor size was measured on day 7, 14 and 21 after the administrations. No significant differences in antiproliferative effects were observed between the measurements of tumor size made on day 7 and day 21. UFT inhibited significantly the tumor growth of CH-I established from colon cancer in which the prolongation of life span has been obtained by clinical long-term administration of UFT. These results suggest that this chemosensitivity test system using nude mice is useful for prediction of clinical response at 7 days after final administration of UFT and FT-207.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Adult Still's disease: review of 228 cases from the literature.

To clarify the clinical pictures of adult Still's disease, 228 cases reported in the past 15 years since Bywaters' first description were reviewed. These included our 9 new cases and an additional 25 cases from the Japanese literature, none of which had been described in previous English reviews. Most of the patients with long followup showed frequent recurrences. About one third developed deforming arthritis with ankylosis. There were 6 deaths. Of interest was the remarkably elevated levels of serum ferritin and prostaglandin E1 in some patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Selective management of posterior stab wounds.

Selective management of 473 patients with stab wounds limited to the posterior abdomen was reviewed. This group was composed of predominantly young, healthy men. Laporotomy was based primarily on clinical findings. Tenderness, not localized to the area of injury, or absent or rare bowel sounds best identified patients with serious injuries. Omental protrusion was frequently associated with significant organ injury. Peritoneal lavage and local wound exploration were used infrequently. All patients with fatal injuries were operated on or died within four hours of admission. Diagnosis was delayed in five serious injuries: one diaphragmatic, three retroperitoneal colon perforations and one duodenal injury, all of which were identified and treated successfully in the initial hospital admission without any complications. Seventy-six percent of the patients never required surgery. Sixteen percent of all patients had significant organ injury, and six percent had "nonessential" laporotomy. Overall morbidity was 12 percent and mortality was 1.1 percent. The colon, liver, diaphragm, and kidneys were the most common organs injured. Thus, clinical assessment alone is a reliable means of selectively managing patients with posterior abdominal stab wounds.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1987

Staged repair of supravalvular aortic stenosis associated with severe multiple peripheral pulmonary stenoses: report of extended peripheral pulmonary arterioplasty.

This paper describes surgical experience in supravalvular aortic stenosis associated with severe multiple peripheral pulmonary stenoses treated by a staged approach: initial staged repair of the bilateral pulmonary stenoses by arterioplasty through a thoracotomy and later definitive intracardiac repair of supra-valvular aortic stenosis. Our experience in two cases proved that the peripheral pulmonary arteries could be exposed up to the segmental branches by dissection from the pulmonary hilum through a lateral thoracotomy without damaging the lung parenchyma. The stenotic areas could then be repaired with either a bifurcated or trifurcated pericardial patch.

Aortic Valve Stenosis↗
PubMed1986

Selection of template initiation sites and the lengths of RNA primers synthesized by DNA primase are strongly affected by its organization in a multiprotein DNA polymerase alpha complex.

Synthesis of (p)ppRNA-DNA chains by purified HeLa cell DNA primase-DNA polymerase alpha (pol alpha-primase) was compared with those synthesized by a multiprotein form of DNA polymerase alpha (pol alpha 2) using unique single-stranded DNA templates containing the origin of replication for simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA. The nucleotide locations of 33 initiation sites were identified by mapping G*pppN-RNA-DNA chains and identifying their 5'-terminal ribonucleotide. Pol alpha 2 strongly preferred initiation sites that began with ATP rather than GTP, thus frequently preferring different initiation sites than pol alpha-primase, depending on the template examined. The initiation sites selected in vitro, however, did not correspond to the sites used during SV40 DNA replication in vivo. Pol alpha 2 had the greatest effect on RNA primer size, typically synthesizing primers 1-5 nucleotides long, while pol alpha-primase synthesized primers 6-8 nucleotides long. These differences were observed even at individual initiation sites. Thus, the multiprotein form of DNA primase-DNA polymerase alpha affects selection of initiation sites, the frequency at which the sites are chosen, and length of RNA primers.

Base Sequence↗