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Biomedical subjects

M Yamagata

Publications and source records attributed to M Yamagata.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Interleukin-2 production of T cells in atopic dermatitis.

Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) were treated with Tranilast, Interleukin-2 (IL-2) (production of T cells in vitro) and blood histamine values, before and after Tranilast therapy, were measured, and the following results were obtained: 1) Compared with healthy controls, the IL-2 producing ability of T cells in patients with AD was increased. 2) After Tranilast therapy, IL-2 production of T cells in AD decreased in quantity to the control level. 3) Skin lesion severities of AD were correlated with the quantity of IL-2 production of T cells. 4) Serum histamine levels were not significantly different between AD patients and healthy controls, before or after Tranilast therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Lipiodol drug targeting in the treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

When Lipiodol Ultra-Fluid (lipiodol) is administered through arteries feeding the tumor, lipiodol remains selectively in the neoplastic tissue for an extended period of time. This characteristic of the oily contrast medium has been utilized for regional targeting of chemotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, which has been termed "lipiodolization". The current status of lipiodolization is reviewed herein.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1990

Lipiodolization prolongs survival rates in postoperative patients with a recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma.

Curative resections were performed in 200 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during the period from 1971 to 1988, at Kyushu University Hospital. Patients seen before 1982 numbered 73 (group I), and the remaining 127 underwent hepatic resection after 1983 (group II). Thirty-nine (53.4%) of the 73 patients in group I had a recurrence during the follow-up period, as did 61 (48.0%) in group II. HCC resections done after 1983 (group II) were associated with (1) a low incidence of operative deaths (I 15.1% vs. II 2.4%) and hospital deaths (I 30.1% vs. II 5.5%), (2) relatively well-preserved hepatocellular function (indocyanine green test, I 24.5 +/- 12.6% vs. II 17.4 +/- 9.2%), (3) a low incidence of histologically verified concomitant cirrhosis (I 87.7% vs. II 68.5%) (4), and smaller HCC nodules (I 6.4 +/- 4.4 cm vs. II 4.1 +/- 3.1 cm). The survival rates of patients seen after 1983 were significantly better than those of patients resected prior to 1982. With respect of the recurrence-free rates achieved by curative hepatic resection, there was no statistically significant difference to be seen between the two groups. In the case of patients submitted of lipiodolization treatment for a recurrent HCC, the survival rates were better than in patients on systemic chemotherapy. Since lipiodolization prolongs survival time after a recurrence of HCC, this form of treatment should be given due consideration.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Regulation of cell-substrate adhesion by proteoglycans immobilized on extracellular substrates.

We have demonstrated previously that chick embryo fibroblasts synthesize and secrete a large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (designated PG-M) that binds to fibronectin. We now report the possibility that PG-M interactions with cell surfaces can modulate cell-substrate adhesion. When PG-M was added to the medium, various types of trypsinized cells failed to adhere not only to fibronectin-coated substrates but also to collagen- or vitronectin-coated substrates. Adhesion of the cells to laminin or glycyl-arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl-serine derivatized serum albumin (arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid-containing molecules with no capacity to bind PG-M) was also inhibited by PG-M. Treatment of the proteoglycan with either proteolytic enzymes or chondroitinase abolished its inhibitory effects on the cell adhesion. These results suggest that direct binding between PG-M and fibronectin, if any, is not a cause of the inhibition by PG-M and that only the proteoglycan form is responsible for the activity. When the immobilization of added PG-M to available plastic surfaces of coated dishes was blocked by pretreating the dishes with serum albumin, the inhibitory effect of PG-M was abolished, suggesting that the immobilized fraction of PG-M can act as a cell adhesion inhibitor. In immobilized form, both cartilage chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (designated PG-H) and chondroitin sulfate-derivatized serum albumin also inhibited cell adhesion. In contrast, heparan sulfate proteoglycan form LD and heparan sulfate-derivatized serum albumin had far lower inhibitory activities, indicating that the active site for the interaction between cells and PG-M is on the chondroitin sulfate chains.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Three-dimensional motion analysis of the cervical spine with special reference to the axial rotation.

The purpose of this study is to obtain basic data on the rotational motion of the cervical spine. Twenty normal men aged 25 to 31 years were investigated. Biplanar roentgenograms of the neck with the head held in neutral and maximally rotated positions were taken in a reference frame. Three sets of x-ray films were measured using a three-dimensional analysis system composed of a digitizer and a personal computer. Total axial rotation was 105 degrees on an average between the occiput and the C7 vertebra. Seventy percent of the total axial rotation occurred between the occiput and the C2 vertebra. Each motion segment between the C2 and C7 vertebrae showed from 4 degrees to 8 degrees rotation on an average. When the head was rotated, lateral bending occurred by coupling in the same direction as rotation at each segment below the C3-C4 level, and in the opposite direction above the C2-C3 level. At the same time, flexion took place by coupling at each segment below the C5-C6 level, and extension above the C4-C5 level.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Flow cytometric analysis of murine splenic cells after DNFB painting on Langerhans cell deficient skin.

One week after a single painting of 50 microliters of 0.5% DNFB in acetone-olive oil on the tail skin of C3H mice, the spleens were removed from the animals. A single cell suspension was prepared from the spleens, and flow cytometric analysis was performed for L3T4 and Lyt2 positive cells, as well as for the IJk expression of the Lyt2+ cells. Results showed that the percentages and absolute numbers of Lyt2+ L3T4- cells, Lyt2- L3T4+ cells, Lyt2+ IJk+ cells, and Lyt2+ IJk- cells in the spleens of the DNFB-treated mice were not significantly different from those in the non-treated mice. However, in the treated mice, the IJk expression of Lyt2+ cells intensified. These results indicate that, following a single painting of DNFB onto Langerhans cell-deficient skin, the numbers of Lyt2+ cells do not change significantly, but do change functionally.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Flow cytometric analysis of protein kinase C in lymph node cells during the induction phase of contact hypersensitivity reaction.

On the fourth day after a single painting of 2,4,6-trinitro-chlorobenzene on the abdominal skin, inguinal lymph nodes were removed, and a single-cell suspension was prepared. The cells were analyzed flow cytometrically, using monoclonal anti-protein kinase C antibody. It was found that the number of lymph node cells in which protein kinase C was detected on the cell surface was significantly increased over that in non-treated mice (p less than 0.01). On the basis of our results and discussions in the literature, it is thought that protein kinase C is related to the initiation of the contact hypersensitivity reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Chemosensitivity of human head and neck tumors detected by human tumor clonogenic assay].

Chemosensitivity of human head and neck tumor was evaluated by human tumor clonogenic assay. Among eight of head and neck tumors seven squamous cell carcinomas such as tongue, gingiva, maxillary sinus, pharynx and one malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of maxillary sinus and four anti-cancer agents BLM, CDDP, 5-FU and MMC were used. Five of eight tumors were succeeded to evaluate the sensitivity. Positive rates except MFH were BLM 100% (3/3), CDDP 25% (1/4), 5-FU 33% (1/3). These results are similar to recent clinical experiments except CDDP.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1989

[Radio- and radio-chemosensitivity of human head and neck cancer cell line detected by human tumor clonogenic assay].

The radiosensitivity and radio-chemosensitivity of 3 series of human cancer cell lines were evaluated by human tumor clonogenic assay. The sources of cell lines were gingiva carcinoma (Ca9-22), uterus carcinoma (Hela) and gastric carcinoma (MKN-45). BLM and CDDP were used, and chemosensitivity of gingiva carcinoma tended to be higher than other cell lines. Radiosensitivity was same as MKN-45. Isobologram were employed for quantitation of the interaction between the irradiation and anti-cancer agents. In Ca9-22, the interaction of between gamma-rays, BLM and CDDP was supra-additive. Hela was also supra-additive, but in MKN-45, the interaction of between gamma-rays and BLM was sub-additive.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1989

[Availability of intermittent chemotherapy by reservoir in liver metastasis of colo-rectal cancer].

From August 1986 to May 1989, in 18 cases of liver metastasis from colo-rectal cancer, intermittent chemotherapy was undergone by implantation reservoir in the subcutaneous. Intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy was under taken in 6 cases, and intra-portal vein chemotherapy in 12 cases. 5-FU 500 mg + MMC 10-6 mg was infused through implantable reservoir once every two weeks. CDDP and ADM were also infused in one case. Infusions averaged 12.4 times, and the most was 24 times in the group of intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy. In the group of intra-portal vein infusion chemotherapy, infusion averaged 12.4 times, with the highest at 35 times. In liver metastasis (H3), there is no significant difference between intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy and intra-portal vein infusion chemotherapy, revealing the cumulative survival rate. And the reservoir group compares with the 14 cases of hepatectomy and the 9 cases of systemic chemotherapy in cumulative survival rate. As a result, there was no significant difference between the group with the reservoir and the systemic chemotherapy group in H1 cases and H2 cases, revealing a median survival rate in these treatment groups. The median survival of reservoir group was 8.3 months, and that of the hepatectomy group was 20.6 months in H2 cases. In the H3 cases, the median survival of the reservoir group was 9.6 months, and that of the systemic chemotherapy group was 10.3 months. Reservoir was implanted in three cases to prevent recurrence after hepatectomy. As a result, two of three cases have survived for 20 months and 10 months, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Eight cases of non-resectable hepatocellular carcinoma surviving for more than 3 years after Lipiodol administration].

From December 1982 to February 1986, selective regional cancer chemotherapy using Lipiodol plus anticancer drug (Lipiodolization) was prescribed for 87 patients with non-resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Eight out of 87 cases survived for more than 3 years. The mean age of the 8 long survivors was 52.6. In the liver function, 2 cases were in Child A, 5 cases in Child B, and 1 case in Child C. The largest diameter of HCCs was 5.3 cm, and the number of the tumors was one in 6 cases, two in one case, and three in one case. No vascular invasion was detected on hepatic angiography. These findings suggested that long survivors in lipiodolization are not in far advanced HCCs. For these 8 cases, lipiodolization was repeatedly prescribed from two to 6 times. The largest amount of adriamycin was 192 mg/case. The longest survivor has lived for 5 years and 6 months after first lipiodolization. After lipiodolization, one tumor vanished, and three tumors decreased in size. Although seven tumors increased in size after lipiodolization, the tumor doubling time of seven tumors were 64, 265, 313, 317, 350, and 1943 days (average 539 +/- 639 days). It is possible that lipiodolization remarkably inhibited tumor growth. Nevertheless, in 5 out of 7 cases, the daughter lesions increased in size and number, although the main tumors grew slowly. Lipiodolization was less effective for newly arising daughter lesions than main lesions.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

Proliferation of both somatic and germ cells is affected in the Drosophila mutants of raf proto-oncogene.

The genomic and cDNA fragments of Drosophila melanogaster, homologous to human c-raf-1, were cloned. The nucleotide sequence predicted the primary structure of a polypeptide of 666 amino acid residues with a highly conserved Ser-Thr kinase domain on its carboxy terminal half. Draf-1 was mapped to the 2F region of the X chromosome. Two newly induced recessive lethals belonging to a complementation group in this region were identified to be defective in Draf-1 by P element-mediated rescue experiments. The mutants die at larval/pupal stages. The mutant larvae are apparently normal, but they harbor serious defects in the organs containing proliferating cells of both somatic and germ line origins. Maternal effects on embryogenesis indicated that Draf-1 is also required in early larval development.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

School screening for scoliosis by the Chiba University Medical School screening program. Results of 1.24 million students over an 8-year period.

The screening program for scoliosis started by Chiba University in 1979 consists of using moiré topography, low-dose roentgenography and a final ordinary x-ray examination. The number of children screened through this Chiba University Medical School (CUMS) screening program to 1986 amounted to 1,246,798. The incidence of scoliosis of more than 15 degrees increased linearly according to age from the fifth grade primary school children (0.07% in boys, 0.44% in girls) to the second grade junior high school students (0.25% in boys, 1.77% in girls). The female predominance of scoliosis cases with curvatures of more than 20 degrees detected during the total period was 10:1 and this female predominance was the same for primary school children and junior high school students. According to a study of the incidence of scoliosis by districts, (areas were divided according to population density and urbanization) there were no significant differences in the fifth grade primary school children between the sparsely and densely populated areas. In the cases of children beyond the fifth grade primary school level, however, the incidence in the densely populated areas were significantly higher than those in the sparsely populated districts. The incidence of scoliosis of more than 20 degrees decreased significantly every year among junior high school students, because they were screened periodically in school and the scoliotic students who had already been detected were left out of the next screening. This study establishes that screening for scoliosis by the CUMS screening program is cost-effective with a low risk of radiation hazards.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Hyaluronic acid modulates proliferation of mouse dermal fibroblasts in culture.

When the concentration of hyaluronic acid was monitored in primary cultures of mouse skin dermal fibroblasts, there was an increase in hyaluronic acid proportional to the increase in cell number during the logarithmic growth phase. The concentration reached the maximum value 2 days before the cells became confluent, and then decreased gradually. Hyaluronic acid added at 1 mg ml-1 during the logarithmic phase either promoted or inhibited cell growth, depending on the density of cells at the time when hyaluronic acid was added. Hyaluronic acid (1 mg ml-1) added to subconfluent or postconfluent cultures induced a transient DNA synthesis with a consequent increase (greater than 20%) in cell number. The effects appeared to be specific, since neither hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides nor some other types of glycosaminoglycan (chondroitin, chondroitin sulphates, heparan sulphates and heparin) had any similar effects. Dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (dbcAMP), at 1 mM, added to subconfluent or postconfluent cultures had promoting effects successively on hyaluronic acid synthesis and on cell growth. An increase in hyaluronic acid synthesis also occurred when dbcAMP was added to day 1 cultures in the logarithmic growth phase, but the effect on cell growth was reversed; there was an inhibition rather than a promotion. The pattern of cell density-dependent variation of the dbcAMP effect is quite similar to that observed with exogenously added hyaluronic acid. Therefore, we propose that hyaluronic acid added exogenously or supplied endogenously by increased synthesis may act as a modulator of mouse dermal fibroblast proliferation.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Hyaluronic acid-dependent change in the extracellular matrix of mouse dermal fibroblasts that is conducive to cell proliferation.

Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled hyaluronic acid, when incubated with subconfluent cultures of mouse dermal fibroblasts, was incorporated into the extracellular matrix. Deposition of the fluorescent label reached the maximum about 48 h after its addition. Hyaluronic acid decasaccharide, but not octasaccharide, inhibited the incorporation of the fluorescent label, suggesting that at least 10 sugar units in length are necessary for the incorporation of hyaluronic acid. A 2 M-urea extract of the cell layer had the ability to bind [3H]hyaluronic acid. Again, the binding was inhibited by hyaluronic acid decasaccharide but not by octasaccharide, suggesting the presence in the urea extract of a hyaluronic acid-binding molecule that may participate in the incorporation of hyaluronic acid. A supramolecular aggregate prepared by rate-zonal sedimentation from the 2 M-urea extract contained chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans capable of interacting with hyaluronic acid. Their core molecules were identical in size with those from a hyaluronic acid-binding chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan (PG-M) previously described in chick embryo fibroblasts. Immunofluorescence analyses with anti-proteoheparan sulphate antibodies indicated that both exogenous addition of hyaluronic acid and enhanced synthesis of hyaluronic acid caused a preferential decline in the proteoheparan sulphate level in the extracellular matrix. Subsequent to this change, the cells began transient DNA synthesis. We suggest that hyaluronic acid-dependent modulation of the level of proteoheparan sulphate in the extracellular matrix could be a causal event of cell proliferation.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effects of irradiation on cortical bone and their time-related changes. A biomechanical and histomorphological study.

The effects of high-dose irradiation on the biomechanical and morphological properties of cortical bone and their time-related changes were studied in male Sprague-Dawley rats. A single fraction of 3500 rads was applied to the middle part of the right thigh. Age and sex-matched control rats that did not receive radiation were used for comparison. Two weeks after irradiation, the animals had lost weight and disappearance of bone cells, shrunken osteocytes, and significantly decreased bone-turnover activities were noted. The bone marrow showed reduced hematopoietic elements and sinusoids with increased fat. No change in the torsional strength and geometric properties of bone was noted at this time. Six to ten weeks after irradiation, histopathological abnormalities of the bone persisted, and there was an accelerated resorption process. However, significant increases in the strength and cortical area of bone appeared only in the non-irradiated, contralateral femur. On the irradiated side, decreased cortical area and increased porosity of bone were found at fourteen to eighteen weeks when compared with the control rats. Other histomorphological properties, such as bone porosity, osteocyte count, and periosteal new-bone formation, appeared to recover eighteen weeks after irradiation, as they became similar to the values for the age-matched normal control rats.

Animals↗