Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Yacoub

Publications and source records attributed to M Yacoub.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The use of "fresh" unstented homograft valves for replacement of the aortic valve: analysis of 6 1/2 years experience.

Between August 1969 and January 1976, 561 patients underwent homograft replacement of the aortic valve (AVR). Isolated AVR was performed in 339 patients, ranging in age between 18 months and 74 years. The valves were sterilized in antibiotic solution and preserved at 4 degrees C in tissue culture medium. There were 11 early deaths (3.2%) and 23 late deaths (6.8%). Actuarial analysis showed 88% survival at 5 years and 85% at 6 years. Valve failure occurred in 13 patients (3.8%) due to prolapse of one cusp in five patients (1.5%), infective endocarditis in three and degeneration of the graft in five (1.5%). Degenerative valve failure was encountered after the fourth year with an incidence of 3.5% of patients at risk, and occurred only in grafts from donors over the age of 70 years. Diastolic murmurs were present in 22% of patients followed up for more than one month and increased very slightly with time. The clinical result was judged to be good or excellent in approximately 90% of the surviving patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Miliary tuberculosis following homograft valve replacement.

Postoperative septicaemia with infective endocarditis is a recognized complication of open-heart surgery, in particular homograft or prosthetic replacement of cardiac valves. Several infective organisms, both bacterial and fungal, have been incriminated but infection due to tubercle bacilli has not, to our knowledge, been reported. The clinicopathological features of this condition are discussed. During a five-year period, over 800 homograft replacements in the aortic and/or mitral positions have been performed at Harefield Hospital. Seven cases of miliary tuberculosis following homograft valve replacement are descrbied here. In three, there was a past history suggestive of tuberculosis infections but necropsy failed to reveal any caseous or other tuberculous lesion apart from recent miliary tuberculosis. Vegetations on the homograft valves contained microcolonies of acid-fast bacilli in most cases. Tubercle bacilli of the human type were recovered by culture or guinea-pig inoculation in six of the seven cases, and in three the diagnosis was established during life; two of these survived on antituberculosis chemotherapy. The onset of symptoms varied from a few weeks to 12 months after operation. The main presenting symptom was intermittent pyrexia. In two patients the diagnosis was made on radiological and clinical grounds and in both, tubercle bacilli were grown from drill biopsy specimens of lung tissue. The source of infection was presumed to be the homograft valves contaminated in the postmorten room. The antibiotic mixture used in the sterilization of the homografts was not effective against tubercle bacilli.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Late results of aortic homograft reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract in infants and children.

33 infants and children between 4 months and 14 years have undergone successful reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract with adult sized fresh aortic homografts. The late results have been analysed and it is concluded that satisfactory results can be obtained even in infants and that the operation should be performed early to prevent secondary changes in the heart and lungs.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Echocardiography of the intra-aortic balloon.

Echocardiography was performed on 9 patients being treated for cardiogenic shock with an intra-aortic balloon. The value of simultaneous recording of the electrocardiogram, cardiac movements, and arterial pressure, with the echocardiogram of the intra-aortic balloon is discussed. The results indicate that echocardiography provides a method of studying intra-aortic balloon function.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Primitive ventricle with acquired subpulmonary stenosis.

The course and natural history of two children aged 1 yr and 5 yr with primitive ventricle with outlet chamber and normally related great arteries are described. They initially presented as ventricular septal defect with increased pulmonary blood flow and subsequently developed 'cyanotic attacks', chronic cyanosis and diminished pulmonary flow by acquiring subpulmonary obstruction of the bulboventricular foramen. Both had successful surgical treatment utilizing their own normal pulmonary valves by connecting the right atrium to the right ventricular outflow, with a Dacron conduit in one, and in the other by detaching the pulmonary artery and valve from the rudimentary outflow chamber and anastomosing it directly to the right atrial appendage. Changing morphology and its effect on function are discussed.

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic↗