Non-migrainous headache and transient neurological deficits.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
M Y Neufeld
Publications and source records attributed to M Y Neufeld.
Localized EEG abnormalities in acute carbon monoxide poisoning.
The EEG of a patient with acute carbon monoxide poisoning was characterized by lateralized sharp waves and a focal electrographic seizure discharge within hours of the exposure. These findings were associated with coma and focal motor seizures. The patient made a full clinical recovery, and the EEG was normal two months after the exposure. The association of a primarily diffuse cerebral insult after CO poisoning, with prominent lateralized epileptiform discharges in the EEG, is a distinctly unusual phenomenon.
Adolescent↗
The value of EEG in children with chronic headaches.
To establish the usefulness of electroencephalography (EEG) as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation of headaches in children, we retrospectively reviewed the records of all children referred to our outpatient neuropediatric clinic because of recurrent headaches. Of 312 children, 257 (82%) underwent EEG tracings: 143 of the children who had had EEG recordings were diagnosed as migraineurs. In 31 (12%) of the children, the EEG revealed epileptic activity. The highest incidence of epileptic EEG activity was found amongst the children with very brief headaches. In 22 (8.6%) of the children, diffuse or focal slowing was detected. The group with migraine headache had a significantly higher incidence of slowing than the group with other types of headaches. There was no correlation between focal EEG abnormalities and brain radioimaging studies or clinical course. We conclude that despite the high incidence of epileptic abnormalities, the contribution of EEG to diagnosis and treatment in children with chronic headache is minimal, and should not be routinely prescribed in these children.
Adolescent↗
Comparison of the effects of vigabatrin, lamotrigine, and topiramate on quantitative EEGs in patients with epilepsy.
Information on the effects of newer antiepileptic drug (AEDs) on the electroencephalogram (EEG) is sparse and contradictory. Quantitative EEG (qEEG) provides a method of estimating the effects of drugs on the central nervous system. Twenty-three adult patients with difficult-to-control complex partial seizures, with or without secondary generalization, participated in an add-on study with one of three newer AEDs: vigabatrin (n = 10), lamotrigine (n = 6), and topiramate (n = 7). Frequency analysis and topographic mapping of awake EEGs before and during treatment with the drug were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures. Vigabatrin administration was followed by a diffuse decrease in the absolute alpha (p < 0.05) and beta (p < 0.02) activities and a decrease in the absolute theta in the frontal and parieto-occipital regions (p < 0.03). Lamotrigine caused a significant diffuse increase in the faster frequencies (relative alpha p < 0.04 and relative beta p < 0.02), and decrease in the slower activities (relative theta in the posterior head regions p < 0.03 and relative delta diffusely p < 0.05). Topiramate increased the absolute beta (p < 0.05) and theta (p < 0.02) activities diffusely and decreased the relative alpha activity over the left hemisphere (p < 0.03). The different effect profiles of the newer AEDs on the electrical brain activity may reflect their different mechanisms of action.
Adult↗
Lingual seizures.
A 73-year-old patient with hyperglycemia and rheumatoid arthritis presented with attacks of involuntary lingual movements that were associated with pain at the base of the tongue, often followed by aversion of head and eyes to the left with clonic contractions of the left corner of the mouth. Seizures could be induced by a combination of specific movement and somesthetic stimuli. Ictal EEG recording revealed a focal epileptiform discharge in the right centrofrontal area, thus confirming that the patient had lingual seizures, an extremely unusual manifestation.
Aged↗
EEG frequency analysis in demented and nondemented parkinsonian patients.
In an attempt to evaluate EEG changes associated with dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD), we performed frequency analysis in three groups of 10 subjects each; two with PD, and one normal control group. The PD patient groups were matched for age, sex, severity and duration of disease, but were discordant for the existence of dementia. Normals were age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. The relative alpha amplitude was significantly decreased in the demented PD patients, unrelated to motor disability. There was a nonsignificant but consistent trend of increased amplitude in the delta and theta range in the demented PD patients as compared to nondemented PD subjects and normal controls, as well as increased amplitude in the theta and delta range with more severe motor disability in the nondemented PD patients.
Aged↗
Juvenile segmental muscular atrophy.
Unilateral upper limb atrophy is a rare entity that has been described mainly in Asia. Isolated cases were reported in the Western countries but never in the Middle East. Herein, we review the literature and describe two illustrative cases which presented typically with brachial atrophy of insidious onset. No involvement of cranial nerves, pyramidal tracts or sensory system occurred over a period of several years. The clinical and EMG features were consistent with a localized anterior horn cell lesion in the cervical spinal cord. The neuroimaging studies (CT, myelography, MRI) were normal. The benign outcome of this entity underscores the importance of its recognition.
Adolescent↗
F-wave characteristics following acute and chronic upper motor neuron lesions.
F-waves were analyzed in 40 patients shortly following the onset of moderate to severe flaccid hemiparesis due to hemispheric strokes. The test was repeated in 25 patients three or more months later. F-waves were recorded following trains of 20 stimuli from the ulnar and common peroneal nerves bilaterally. The persistence, minimal, maximal and average latencies, durations, amplitudes and areas of these waves were determined. Acutely, several F-wave parameters (persistence, maximal and average duration, amplitude and area) were significantly reduced on the paretic side. Changes were slightly more pronounced in patients with more severe weakness and flaccidity. In the chronic phase, the average F-wave amplitude and area values on the paretic side increased, becoming similar to or larger than on the normal side. However, the correlation with muscle strength and tone changes was poor.
Acute Disease↗