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Biomedical subjects

M Y Neufeld

Publications and source records attributed to M Y Neufeld.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Demyelinating peripheral neuropathy in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

We describe 2 patients of Jewish Libyan descent, who presented with a clinical syndrome compatible with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and who were found to have a mutation of codon 200 in the prion protein. The patients developed symptoms and signs of peripheral nerve involvement diagnosed by electrodiagnostic and histopathological studies as demyelinating neuropathy. This may be a rare manifestation of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1992

Topographic distribution of the periodic discharges in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD).

A characteristic EEG abnormality in patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) consists of periodic high voltage bilateral diphasic or triphasic sharp waves widely distributed over both hemispheres. The mechanism underlying these electrographic manifestations is, however, unclear. To increase our understanding of these phenomena, we have employed the technique of microcomputer brain mapping, to analyze the electrical fields of the bilaterally-distributed complexes in four patients with CJD. Ten generalized discharges were studied in each patient. The EEG analysis demonstrated variability in the area of onset as well as the field maxima between the different complexes among patients as well as between discharges in each patient. The generalized pattern seen in routine EEG was clearly shown on brain mapping to be not strictly generalized from onset, nor bilaterally symmetrical. These findings may suggest multifocal areas of onset of the generalized discharges, or alternating pathways of activation of the cortical areas by a subcortical pacemaker.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Coma with triphasic wave pattern in EEG as a complication of temporal arteritis.

Coma is rare in temporal arteritis (TA). We describe a patient with TA who suddenly developed coma with a triphasic EEG pattern that resolved after initiation of steroid treatment. Although the arterial lesions in TA are segmental in nature, TA may present with signs of diffuse neurologic deficit; early treatment can result in complete resolution.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Periodic triphasic waves in levodopa-induced encephalopathy.

Four patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease developed subacute confusional states, associated with delusions, hallucinations, and myoclonus, following an increase in the dose of levodopa. The EEG revealed periodic generalized triphasic waves. The clinical condition and EEG cleared following levodopa dose reduction or discontinuation. This is the first report of encephalopathy associated with periodic triphasic activity following levodopa treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Carpal tunnel syndrome: a complication of idiopathic torsion dystonia.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is usually an idiopathic disorder. Certain occupations that require frequent flexion movements of the hand at the wrist are recognized as precipitating the development of CTS. Dystonia can cause similar excessive movements at the wrists. We report the clinical and electromyographic findings of two patients with idiopathic torsion dystonia (ITD), with frequent flexion postures of the wrists, in both of whom typical CTS developed in the more involved hand. It is concluded that nerve entrapment such as CTS has to be considered a possible complication in patients with ITD and other motor control disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

EEG and topographic frequency analysis in common and classic migraine.

Electroencephalographic (EEG) changes occurring in patients with migraine have received much attention. However, almost equal number of reports indicate the predominance of normal and abnormal findings. We studied the EEG in symptom-free, otherwise healthy, unmedicated 18-28 year-old patients: 22 with common migraine, 20 with classic migraine, and 20 age-matched controls. The routine EEG findings in the three groups revealed mild non-specific slowing in 2 (9%), 3 (15%) and 2 (10%), respectively. Simultaneously, topographic EEG mapping and frequency analysis were performed in 13 consecutive patients with common migraine, 10 patients with classic migraine and 11 age-matched controls. EEG mapping showed minimal regional differences with lower power in the alpha range in patients with eyes closed. The peak alpha power, as well as its reactivity, were lower among patients than controls. This difference reached statistical significance only for patients with classic migraine versus controls in the left occipital region. Patients also had slightly faster peak alpha frequency. No frank right-left asymmetry was observed in the peak alpha power, neither among the controls, nor the patients. All the findings were rather minor. They may suggest some difference in the posterior background activity in the EEG in migraine patients as compared to the controls, but are not useful in differentiating migraine from non-migraine patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

EEG recordings following intrathecal iohexol administration.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings were performed before and after intrathecal administration of iohexal (Omnipaque) in 30 patients who underwent cervical myelography or cisternography. Tracings were recorded before, several hours after, and 24 h after iohexol administration. No abnormalities were recorded. It can be concluded that iohexol is a safe contrast medium, having less encephalopathic effects than more commonly used substances such as metrizamide.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Seizures of unknown origin after the age of 50: vascular risk factors.

To investigate the possible etiologic factors of late onset seizures of unknown origin, 50 consecutive patients whose seizures started after age 50 and who had a normal CT, were screened. The seizures in this group were generalized in 70% and infrequent. The hypothesis that late-onset seizures of unknown origin were frequently due to microinfarcts, was evaluated by comparing the frequency of arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, carotid bruits, diabetes mellitus and smoking in these patients with appropriate control groups. The results showed that the frequencies of these cardiovascular risk factors were similar to those of sex and age-matched controls and much lower than in a comparable series of patients whose seizures followed a stroke, or patients with stroke but not seizures. These data suggest that subclinical cerebrovascular disease is probably not a frequent etiology of late-onset epilepsy of unknown origin. The cause of these seizures remains to be elucidated.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Periodic febrile confusion as a presentation of complex partial status epilepticus.

A 75-year-old woman was evaluated for recurrent episodes of fever she experienced periodically every 4-5 weeks over the last 12 months, lasting 2-3 days each. The fever was associated with continuous complex partial seizures, paralleled the seizure activity and returned to normal after the seizures had ceased. The ictal EEG recordings showed rhythmic bitemporal 3-4 Hz activity; the interictal recordings showed a spike and wave discharge over the right fronto-temporal region. Carbamazepine effectively controlled both the seizures and the fever; the latter was presumed to be an inherent manifestation of the seizure activity.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Routine and quantitative EEG analysis in Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome.

Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome (GdlT) is a neurobehavioral disorder, with a reportedly high frequency of EEG abnormalities. We performed EEGs on 48 consecutive patients with GdlT, and frequency analysis in 26 patients (17 males), and compared the results with those from age- and sex-matched normal controls. Routine 18-channel EEG revealed minimal diffuse nonspecific slowing in only 3 of 48 patients (6%) and in 2 of 26 controls (7.7%). The frequency analysis of the EEG of the 26 GdlT patients and their normal controls showed similar brain activity. We conclude that no significant differences exist between the EEG activity in GdlT patients as compared with that in sex- and age-matched controls in routine as well as in quantitative EEG.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Non surgical treatment of subdural hematoma in a hemodialysis patient.

The development of subdural hematoma in the course of hemodialysis treatment has been well documented in the literature. We report a case of a subdural hematoma in a patient on hemodialysis, in whom surgery was contraindicated, due to her concurrent use of anticoagulants. Good recovery was achieved by steroid treatment. Although surgical removal constitutes the essential therapeutic approach for subdural hematoma, we emphasize the importance of medical management in special cases where surgery is contraindicated.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1989

Serial EEG recordings following intrathecal metrizamide administration.

EEG recordings were obtained before and after intrathecal metrizamide injection in 50 consecutive patients who underwent metrizamide myelography or cisternography. EEG tracings were recorded daily until the pattern returned to baseline. One patient (2%) developed seizures. The most frequent EEG abnormality was generalized slowing of various degrees. In 15 patients (30%), the EEG record was normal throughout the study. In 4 patients (8%), EEG disturbances were seen up to the fifth day after the procedure. Patients who had undergone cervical myelography and cisternography had a marginally higher frequency of EEG disturbances than patients who underwent lumbar myelography. The causes inducing these time-related disturbances are discussed, as compared to pharmacokinetics of intrathecally administered metrizamide.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

EEG in demented and non-demented parkinsonian patients.

The electroencephalograms (EEG) of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) were evaluated in relation to age, mental status and motor disability. Abnormalities, particularly mild slowing, were observed in 34% of 128 patients and more frequently in the elderly. While a slowing in occipital background activity was more frequent in demented patients, a statistically significant association was also observed between the degree of motor disability and the frequency of slowing in occipital background activity in mentally intact patients. This correlation may suggest that subcortical structures (involved in motor control) influence occipital background activity.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Encephalopathy associated with sulindac.

Sulindac (Clinoril) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. It is an indene derivative with therapeutic efficiency comparable with that of indomethacin. We report a case of encephalopathy associated with the intake of sulindac.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Sphenoidal EEG recording in complex partial seizures.

A prospective study was performed to evaluate the usefulness of sphenoidal EEG recording during wakefulness, as compared to routine tracings awake and asleep, for recognizing epileptic electroencephalographic foci in patients with complex partial seizures. Fifty patients were investigated. Following sleep deprivation a routine waking EEG, a sleep tracing and an awake recording with sphenoidal needles were obtained. In nine patients temporal epileptiform activity was apparent in all three conditions (wakefulness, sleep and with sphenoidal electrodes). In 21 patients temporal epileptiform activity was seen during sleep only, while the sphenoidal leads were non-contributory. In 20 patients epileptiform activity was not recorded under any of the above conditions. This study indicates that sphenoidal recording during wakefulness does not contribute to the detection of epileptic discharges in patients with complex partial seizures.

Adult↗