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Biomedical subjects

M Xie

Publications and source records attributed to M Xie.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Effects of lovastatin on plasma lipid, plasma glucose and insulin metabolism of patients with type II B hyperlipemia].

This study was directed at the effects of lovastatin on plasma glucose and insulin metabolism of patients with Type II B hyperlipemia. Thirty patients with Type II B hyperlipemia were observed. At the beginning, We detected the patients' TC, TG, HDL-C, VLDL-C with enzyme assay, calculated their LDL-C with formula, determined their plasmaglucose(PG) with oxidase assay and plasma insulin(PI) with immunoradioassay, and then we performed OGTT and insulin release test, these indices were detected again after the administration of 8 weeks' lovastatin therapy (20 mg per day). The results showed that, aftert the therapy, TC and LDL-C decreased significantly(P < 0.05), TG, HDL-C and VLDL-C had no significant change(P > 0.05). Fasting plasma glucose(FPG) and fasting plasma insulin(FPI) increased (the former, P < 0.05). Two hours after administration of glucose, the level of plasma glucose(2hPG) and plasma insulin(2hPI)increased(the latter, P < 0.05). 1/(FPG x FPI) had no significant change, but 1/(2hPG x 2hPI) decreased (P < 0.05). These data indicate that long-period use of lavastatin may cause insulin resistance. So we advise patients with Type II B hyperlipemia treated by statin to limit their glucose intake in case of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[A retrospective study of 3 cases of nephrotic syndrome with pulmonary thromboembolism].

OBJECTIVE: To study the nephrotic syndrome (NS) with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). METHODS: 3 cases of NS with PTE were reviewed. RESULTS: The fibrinogen (mean 7.8 g/L), alpha-2-maccoglobulin (mean 21%) and cholesterol (mean 7.2 mmol/L) in the blood were higher in the NS patients with PTE. 1 of 2 patients was found to be membranous nephropathy. Ventilation/perfusion lung scan and a postmortem examination showed that bilateral, multiple pulmonary thromboembolism was found in 1 case. It was effective to use heparin and/or urokinase for NS with PTE. CONCLUSIONS: NS exists in the hypercoagulable state in blood. It is easy to concomit PTE. Pulmonary artery angiogram should be done when NS with PTE was suspected. Besides glycocorticoids, the combination of anticoagulants and thrombolysis gave most favorable results for NS patients with PTE.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Study of levels of antibody against coxsackievirus B in different adults in Changsha area].

In order to verify the antibody levels against coxsackievirus B(CVB) in different adults, specific anti-CVB-IgM and anti-CVB-IgG have been detected in 46 viral myocarditis, 121 viral-hepatitis patients and 108 healthy donors by using immuno-enzyme histochemical method, and the antibody titres were also tested. The results showed that the positive rate of anti-CVB in viral myocarditis group, viral hepatitis group and donor group were 80.4% (37/46), 25.6% (31/121) and 40.7% (44/108), respectively. The GMT of anti-CVB-IgM and anti-CVB-IgG in viral myocarditis group, hepatitis group and donor group were 1:84.84, 1:9.07, 1:64.00 and 1:179.27, 1:9.59, 1:21.42, respectively. The positive rate and GMT of anti-CVB-IgM and anti-CVB-IgG in viral myocarditis group were significantly higher than those in the other two groups. The positive rate had no statistical difference between men and women. The results indicate that the majority of the healthy population in Changsha area is susceptible for CVB and most cases of the viral myocarditis many be related to CVB infection. It is considered that CVB can cause many diseases. Furthermore, there are no effective vaccine against CVB so far. One should think of the probability of CVB infection when encountering a patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Preliminary study on apoptosis and expression of apoptosis-related genes in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus].

This study was conducted to explore the clinical implication of the relationship between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) apoptosis and apoptosis-related gene expression. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labelling technique and flow cytometry were used to detect the apoptotic cell; immunohistochemistry ABC was used to detect the expressions of bcl-2 and Fas in 29 cases of SLE. The results showed that the rate of apoptosis of PBL in SLE patients was significantly higher than that in normal control (P < 0.001), and that in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (P < 0.001). After 48 hour's culture, the apoptotic rate further increased in SLE patients (33.44%). There was a significant correlation between the SLE activity and the rate of apoptosis in vitro (r = 0.86, P < 0.001). The rate of apoptosis of PBL in SLE-nephritis patients was higher than that in non-SLE-nephritis patients (P < 0.01). Before and after the culture, the expressions of bcl-2 and Fas in PBL of patients with SLE were higher than those in normal control (P < 0.01, P < 0.001). So the authors suggest that increased rate of apoptosis may be used as an index for evaluating the severity of SLE cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Staging of mucous membrane outcome in operative cavity after functional endoscopic sinus surgery].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the character of transitionary process of mucosa in sinu cavity after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and divide it into different stages. METHOD: The morphological character of mucosa in sinus cavity after FESS was surveyed continuously. RESULTS: Over 90% of nasal and sinus cavity got clean within 1 to 2 weeks postoperatively. About 80% of patients had the De-mucous reaction from the 3rd to 10th week, such as mucous edema, vesicles, granulation tissue, mini-polyps, fibrous hyperplasia, and adhesion or regenerated diseases may appear in this stage. All of these diseases competed with mucous epithelization. There were 90% of nasal and sinuous cavity brought to stage of complete epithelization, 11 to 14 weeks were need in about 60% of them. CONCLUSION: Three stages were divided after FESS. They are stage of clean operative cavity, stage of mucous competition and stage of complete epithelization. Proper local care in each stage is essential to the whole curable effect of FESS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

The hemagglutinin of recent measles virus isolates induces cell fusion in a marmoset cell line, but not in other CD46-positive human and monkey cell lines, when expressed together with the F protein.

Measles virus (MV) is efficiently isolated from patients with measles by using B95a cells, a marmoset B cell line. Recent wild-type MV strains isolated using B95a cells did not produce cytopathic effects in any of CD46+ primate cell lines examined (except B95a cells), nor did they induce downregulation of CD46. Transfection of the hemagglutinin (H) and fusion (F) genes of the Edmonston strain of MV produced syncytia in HeLa, Cos and B95a cells. By contrast, the expression of the H gene from the two wild-type strains, together with the F gene of the Edmonston strain, resulted in syncytium production in B95a cells, but not in HeLa and Cos cells. Cocultivation of Cos cells expressing the wild-type H protein and the Edmonston strain F protein with B95a cells, but not with HeLa, Jurkat or BJAB cells, generated large syncytia. The results suggest that these recent MV isolates may use a molecule other than CD46 as the cellular receptor or require another coreceptor to infect cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Hypnotic analgesia: 1. Somatosensory event-related potential changes to noxious stimuli and 2. Transfer learning to reduce chronic low back pain.

Fifteen adults with chronic low back pain (M = 4 years), age 18 to 43 years (M = 29 years), participated. All but one were moderately to highly hypnotizable (M = 7.87; modified 11-point Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale, Form C [Weitzenhoffer & Hilgard, 1962]), and significantly reduced pain perception following hypnotic analgesia instructions during cold-pressor pain training. In Part 1, somatosensory event-related potential correlates of noxious electrical stimulation were evaluated during attend and hypnotic analgesia (HA) conditions at anterior frontal (Fp1, Fp2), midfrontal (F3, F4), central (C3, C4), and parietal (P3, P4) regions. During HA, hypothesized inhibitory processing was evidenced by enhanced N140 in the anterior frontal region and by a prestimulus positive-ongoing contingent cortical potential at Fp1 only. During HA, decreased spatiotemporal perception was evidenced by reduced amplitudes of P200 (bilateral midfrontal and central, and left parietal) and P300 (right midfrontal and central). HA led to highly significant mean reductions in perceived sensory pain and distress. HA is an active process that requires inhibitory effort, dissociated from conscious awareness, where the anterior frontal cortex participates in a topographically specific inhibitory feedback circuit that cooperates in the allocation of thalamocortical activities. In Part 2, the authors document the development of self-efficacy through the successful transfer by participants of newly learned skills of experimental pain reduction to reduction of their own chronic pain. Over three experimental sessions, participants reported chronic pain reduction, increased psychological well-being, and increased sleep quality. The development of "neurosignatures of pain" can influence subsequent pain experiences (Coderre, Katz, Vaccarino, & Melzack, 1993; Melzack, 1993) and may be expanded in size and easily reactivated (Flor & Birbaumer, 1994; Melzack, 1991, 1993). Therefore, hypnosis and other psychological interventions need to be introduced early as adjuncts in medical treatments for onset pain before the development of chronic pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[A comparative study on the risk factors for the incidence of tongue cancer].

The risk factors for the incidence of tongue cancer were analyzed with case study. The result showed that oral leukoplakia (OR = 8.50) residual roots of oral teeth (OR = 8.50), eating hot foods (OR = 13.0) and eating fire-roasted foods (OR = 3.5) were the main risk factors for the occurrence of tongue cancer. Eating fresh fruits (OR = 0.01) was usually helpful to the decrease in the predisposition of tongue cancer. It suggested that oral precancerous lesions and mouth diseases should be cured early and good life behavior must be developed in order to prevent the incidence of tongue cancer.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1998

[Prethrombotic state in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and treatment with heparin].

Several clinical reports have evidenced that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be complicated by thrombosis in pulmonary vessels. The aim of this study was to investigate the putative prethrombotic state of COPD. Highly sensitive molecular markers of hemostasis, plasma levles of prethrombin F1 + 2 fragment (F1 + 2), granule membrane protein-140 (GMP-140), von Willebrand factor (vWF), Fibrinogen (Fg), and D-dimer fragments (DD) were simultaneously measured in 37 COPD patients and in 20 controls matched for sex and age. The results showed that COPD patients had significantly higher values of F1 + 2(P < 0.001), GMP-140 (P < 0.001), vWF (P < 0.001), Fg (P < 0.005) and DD (P < 0.001) than controls. In 16 patients with stable COPD and F1 + 2 greater than 1.65 nmol/L (mean +2s of control), intra-venose heparin therapy (100 mg qd for 10 days) significantly reduced F1 + 2(P < 0.005), vWF (P < 0.05), GMP-140 (P < 0.05), and PaCO2 (P < 0.05). This study has confirmed that COPD patients have an ongoing prethrombotic state which potentially accounts for thrombosis occurring in pulmonary vessels. The effects of heparin on clotting system activation and blood gas indicate that such treatment may be beneficial to COPD patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Acute ethanol intoxication inhibits neutrophil beta2-integrin expression in rats during endotoxemia.

The effects of acute ethanol intoxication on neutrophil [polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN)] adhesion molecule expression and certain other functional properties during endotoxemia were studied in rats to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the immunosuppressive effects of ethanol. Acute ethanol intoxication was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of 20% ethanol at a dose of 5.5 g of ethanol/kg. Control animals received an intraperitoneal injection of saline. Thirty minutes after intraperitoneal injection, animals were given a 90-min intravenous infusion of Escherichia coli endotoxin (total dose of 112.5 microg/rat in 2.5 ml of saline) or saline. Certain rats received granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF; 50 microg/kg in 5% dextrose, subcutaneous injection twice daily) or vehicle pretreatment for 2 days before intravenous endotoxin infusion. Endotoxemia significantly upregulated CD11b/c and CD18 expression on PMNs when compared with those of saline-infused rats. Acute ethanol intoxication inhibited this endotoxin-induced upregulation of CD11b/c and CD18 expression on PMNs. Ethanol intoxication also suppressed the phagocytic activities of PMNs in saline-infused rats, but this suppression failed to reach statistical significance in endotoxin-infused rats. Hydrogen peroxide generation by PMNs in saline- or endotoxin-infused rats was not affected by ethanol intoxication. Histological examination showed extensive PMN sequestration in the liver after endotoxin infusion, and ethanol intoxication significantly attenuated this hepatic sequestration of PMNs. G-CSF pretreatment enhanced neutrophil phagocytosis, CD11b/c and CD18 expression in endotoxin-infused rats, and prevented the ethanol-induced inhibition of neutrophil CD18 expression and phagocytosis. The impairment of beta2-integrin expression on PMNs may be one mechanism underlying ethanol-induced defects of neutrophil delivery into tissue sites of infection. G-CSF may be of benefit to the infected alcoholic host by enhancing leukocyte defense functions.

Alcoholic Intoxication↗
PubMed1998

The human immunodeficiency virus type I Tat protein potentiates ethanol-induced neutrophil functional impairment in transgenic mice.

Neutropenia and impairment of neutrophil function are commonly observed in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. The HIV regulatory protein Tat is known to exert immunosuppressive effects. Alcohol is known also to be an immunosuppressive factor, and as alcohol abuse is common among HIV infected hosts, both factors may interact in an additive or synergistic fashion to further impair the host defenses of these patients. In order to test this possibility, endotoxin-induced neutrophil beta2-integrins CD11b and CD18 expression, phagocytosis, and hydrogen peroxide generation were examined in normal and HIV-1 Tat-transgenic mice in the absence and presence of ethanol intoxication. Acute ethanol intoxication was induced in mice (body weight of 25+/-1 g) by an intraperitoneal (ip) injection of ethanol (3 g/kg, 20% in normal saline). Thirty min later, the animals were given an ip injection of endotoxin (20 microg in 0.2 ml of saline/mouse). Vehicle-treated controls received an ip injection of saline without ethanol or endotoxin. Two hr after endotoxin administration, the animals were killed to determine neutrophil functions with flow cytometry. The baseline expression of CD11b and CD18 was similar in normal nontransgenic and Tat-transgenic mice. Endotoxin administration significantly up-regulated CD11b and CD18 expression in normal mice. This up-regulation was suppressed in Tat-transgenic mice. Ethanol intoxication inhibited endotoxin-induced CD11b and CD18 expression in normal mice and totally abolished endotoxin-induced CD11b and CD18 expression in Tat-transgenic mice. Neutrophil phagocytic activity in normal and Tat-transgenic mice was similar. Ethanol intoxication produced a similar inhibition of phagocytosis in both study groups. Endotoxin suppressed phagocytosis in normal mice, and this suppression was more pronounced in Tat-transgenic mice. Spontaneous and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated hydrogen peroxide generation by circulating neutrophils (PMNs) were similar in normal and Tat-transgenic mice. Neither ethanol nor endotoxin affected hydrogen peroxide generation by PMNs. These data show that both Tat and alcohol significantly impair PMN function, and this may be a mechanism leading to the increased susceptibility of the HIV-infected host to bacterial infection.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1997

Transcriptional repression mediated by the PR domain zinc finger gene RIZ.

The RIZ (G3B or MTB-Zf) zinc finger gene is structurally related to the myeloid leukemia gene, MDS1-EVI1, and the transcription repressor/differentiation factor, PRDI-BF1/BLIMP1, through a conserved amino-terminal motif, the PR domain. Similar to MDS1-EVI1, RIZ gene normally produces two protein products that differ by the PR domain. The smaller protein RIZ2 lacks the PR domain of RIZ1 but is otherwise identical to RIZ1. Here we show that RIZ proteins bind to GC-rich or Sp-1-binding elements and repress transcription. Both RIZ1 and RIZ2 repressed the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) promoter, one of the best characterized eukaryotic promoters. Recombinant RIZ1 proteins were able to bind to HSV-TK promoter. This binding was mediated by the GC-rich Sp-1 elements of the promoter and the first three zinc finger motifs of RIZ1. RIZ also encodes a repressor domain that was mapped to the central region of the protein. Fusion of this region to the GAL4 DNA-binding domain generated GAL4 site-dependent transcriptional repressors. We also show that RIZ1 protein can efficiently repress the simian virus 40 (SV40) early promoter, which primarily consists of Sp-1 sites; RIZ2, however, only weakly repressed this promoter, suggesting a role for PR in modulating RIZ protein function. The data have implications for a role of RIZ proteins in the regulation of cellular gene promoters, many of which are characterized by GC-rich elements.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1997

Detection of Babesia bovis using a DIG-labeled DNA probe.

A plasmid DNA containing the inserted Babesia bovis cDNA clone designated c51A was used to prepare a DNA probe for B. bovis. The purified 0.6 kb specific DNA fragment was labeled by DIG DNA labeling. After denaturation, the probe was hybridised with the blotted target DNA extracted from bovine red blood cells infected with B. bovis or other protozoa or bovine red blood cells plus extra white blood cells. It was found that the probe produced from purified 0.6 kb DNA fragment could detect sample of B. bovis DNA equivalent to 0.015 microliter of 10% whole infected blood. Compared to the same DNA fragment labeled with photobiotin, this new probe is more sensitive giving a darker hybridization signal, a lighter hybridization background and without any non-specific reactions. These results indicated that this DIG-labeled B. bovis C5lA probe could provide a sensitive and specific method to diagnose clinically suspected B. bovis infections and distinguish B. bovis DNA from other haemoprotozoan infections.

Affinity Labels↗
PubMed1997

A study of learning splice sites of DNA sequence by neural networks.

To predict of splice sites in DNA sequence, we developed a neural network system with back propagation. This system has a flexible network definition language which can describe any network structure. Three types of neural network were defined using the system for the prediction of splice sites. The neural networks are trained by the arrangements of bases around the splice sites of DNA sequences. The results of simulation showed the excellent ability of the neural networks to predict splice sites by applying and testing the arrangements of DNA sequences. This system also were used to predict the effects of point mutations on the splicing of the IX factor gene which may cause hereditary disease.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1997

[Study of detecting p53 gene of laryngeal carcinoma on paraffin-embedded tissue sections by in situ polymerase chain reaction].

In order to investigate alterations of p53 gene in laryngeal carcinoma, five cases of paraffin-embedded tissue were detected by in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that p53 gene was presented in more than 90% of cancer cells in all cases with exon 5 specific primers, which signal copy numbers were 2.24 +/- 0.23. It suggests that in situ PCR and paraffin-embedded tissue are able to be used in the single copy gene research. The improvement and application of the technique were discussed.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1997

[Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in middle ear effusions].

Using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA), we measured levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in middle ear effusions (MEE) from patients with secretory otitis media (SOM) undergoing auripuncture to study the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of the disease. Significant levels of IL-6 (> 62.5 ng/L) were found in 19 (86.36%) of 22 MEEs and those of TNF-alpha (> 37.5 ng/L) in 19 (70.37%) of 27 MEEs. The mean (+/- s) levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha were 507.68 +/- 813.11 ng/L and 186.86 +/- 166.93 ng/L, respectively. It revealed that the shorter the course, the higher the concentration of IL-6 in MEE: the longer the course, the higher the concentration of TNF-alpha in MEE. These findings suggested that during the early stages of SOM, IL-6 might participate in the defensive reaction of organism, while TNF-alpha might be closely related to the persistence of SOM, resulting in an excessive inflammatory reaction with a potential for pathological changes. It is concluded that the immunological mechanisms probably play a significant role in the pathogenesis of SOM.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Effects of thrombolytic therapy on recanalization in different starting time of treatment after acute myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of thrombolytic therapy on recanalization in different starting time of treatment after acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: 172 cases with intravenous thrombolytic agents were divided into 4 groups: < or = 2 hours, > 2-4 hours, > 4-6 hours and > 6-12 hours, according to the different starting time of therapy after onset of symptoms. RESULTS: The recanalization rates were 78.6%, 74%, 39. 6% and 14.3% in < or = 2 hours, > 2-4 hours, > 4-6 hours and > 6-12 hours, respectively. The recanalization rate within 4 hours was significantly higher than those in the groups of > 4-6 hours AND > 6-12 hours. The time interval from the initiation of thrombolytic therapy to reperfusion was increased as the starting time of thrombolysis after onset of symptoms was delayed. CONCLUSIONS: Starting time of thrombolysis within 4 hours after onset of acute myocardial infarction is of the best effect on recanalization.

Aged↗