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Biomedical subjects

M Wolf

Publications and source records attributed to M Wolf.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Grading of brain tumors using computer-assisted analysis of CT images and anamnestic data].

For the classification of various brain tumours data from 139 patients with histologically proven diagnosis were used. With linear discriminant analysis and hierarchic classification of clinical and anamnestic data and features obtained by Walsh-transformation of image data presently 7 classes of tumours are differentiated with an estimated classification rate of 85% and reclassification rate of 92%.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Stepladder accidents--a 5-year analysis of these falls from a height].

156 injuries by a stepladder are reported. In the whole of plunge injuries occurred with a stepladder we found 12%. The painters are involved in 34.6% in this kind of accident, apprentices in 5.8%. Most people were aged from 20-24 and the lower limb was more often injured than the upper limb. Fractures were present in 24% and we registered 48.8 days in which workers were unfit to work. Most patients (95.2%) obtained total rehabilitation.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1989

[Mass spectroscopy and headspace gas chromatography].

Practicability and characteristics of Headspace-GC-MS are demonstrated utilizing an Ion-Trap-Detector. In this way different volatile compounds occurring in putrified biological material could be identified and characterised by retention-indices on two columns for future identification by usual FID-Detection. Presentation of several examples.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed1988

The protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine, like phorbol esters, induces the association of protein kinase C with membranes.

Staurosporine induced the association of purified protein kinase C (PKC) with inside-out vesicles from erythrocyte membranes. This effect was Ca2+ and concentration dependent, and maximum PKC translocation was observed at 50 nM staurosporine and 0.5 microM Ca2+, or higher. A significant effect of staurosporine was already obtained at free Ca2+ concentrations in the range found in resting cells. Under these conditions, the PKC activator 4-phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate was by itself inactive, but enhanced translocation by staurosporine. Protein phosphorylation by staurosporine-translocated PKC was inhibited in the presence or absence of phorbol esters. Translocation and inhibition of PKC occurred in the same staurosporine concentration range.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1988

Prognostic value of pretreatment carcinoembryonic antigen, neuron-specific enolase, and creatine kinase-BB levels in sera of patients with small cell lung cancer.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and the BB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-BB) were evaluated before therapy in the sera of 195 patients with histologically confirmed small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in a prospective multicenter trial. Forty-four percent (84 of 193) of all patients had CEA levels higher than 5 ng/ml, 66% (111 of 168) had NSE levels higher than 12.5 ng/ml, and 32% (40 of 123) had CK-BB levels higher than 10 ng/ml. Clear pathologic levels were less frequently observed. Significantly higher pretreatment titers for CEA, NSE, and CK-BB were found in patients with bone marrow and/or liver metastases. The most elevated marker levels were observed in the group of nonresponding patients with bone marrow and/or liver metastases. Only a slight correlation between the pretreatment CEA level and survival time could be observed. Patients with pathologic NSE (greater than or equal to 30 ng/ml) levels and, in particular, those with pathologic CK-BB (greater than or equal to 25 ng/ml) levels had a significantly shorter median survival than those with normal or elevated levels. In addition, a positive linear correlation between pretreatment NSE and CK-BB (n = 116, r = 0.54) levels was found, but CEA levels did not correlate with other marker levels. From these data it is concluded that pretreatment CEA, NSE, and CK-BB levels are helpful in the clinical management of a subset of patients with SCLC, i.e., those with bone marrow and/or liver metastases.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1988

Immunoglobulin allotypes Gm and Km in hematologic malignancies.

Immunoglobulin allotypes of the Gm and Km systems have been compared in patients with various forms of hematologic malignancies and healthy controls of the same ethnographic background. These comparisons found an increased frequency of the haplotype Gm and a decreased frequency of Gm in patients with Hodgkin's disease; a decreased frequency of Gm in diffuse, large-cell lymphoma patients; a decreased frequency of Gm and an increased frequency of Gm in acute myeloid leukemia patients; a decreased frequency of Gm in chronic myeloid leukemia patients, and an increased frequency of the phenotype Km(1+) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. These results support previous suggestions of the involvement of immunoglobulin allotypes in the susceptibility to some forms of human hematologic malignancy.

Gene Frequency↗
PubMed1988

Peritonsillar abscess in children and its indication for tonsillectomy.

38 children aged 1-15 years treated for peritonsillar abscess (PTA) between 1976 and 1986 have been reviewed. The patients were divided into those with a history of recurrent tonsillitis prior to developing PTA (T+) (10 patients = 26.3%) and those without such history (T-) (28 patients = 73.4%). 19 patients were surgically drained, 2 abscesses ruptured spontaneously, 2 patients were treated by repeated needle aspirations and 15 patients were treated by medication only. Neither the pre-PTA history (T+ versus T-) nor the mode of treatment during the acute event showed any significant differences in comparing the recurrency rate of PTA or tonsillitis. Therefore, it seems that a single event of PTA among pediatric population should not be considered an indication for tonsillectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Transient platelet and HLA antibody formation in multitransfused patients with malignancy.

Fifty-nine patients receiving platelet transfusions for bone marrow failure secondary to malignancy were screened at regular intervals for the presence of antibodies to human leucocyte (HLA) and platelet specific antigens. HLA antibodies occurred in 19 patients, 10 of whom also developed platelet specific antibodies. The HLA antibodies disappeared in 10 of 15 patients followed for periods of 2-14 months. In two patients this occurred whilst still receiving platelet transfusions. Antibody reappeared in only two of six patients subsequently transfused. Antibodies to platelet specific antigens were detected in 28 patients. They were transient, often appeared in association with infection, and in 50% of cases tested demonstrated autoantibody activity. There was no association with antibiotic drug therapy, or PFA/EDTA-dependent cryptantigens. Platelet recovery at 1 h or 20 h post transfusion was not significantly reduced in the presence of platelet specific antibodies. These findings have important implications for the selection of platelet donors for alloimmunized recipients.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1988

[Results of 2 multicenter therapy studies in inoperable non-small cell bronchial cancer].

A total of 166 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were included in two multicenter trials testing different treatment regimens. In study I, 116 patients received 4 cycles of aggressive polychemotherapy consisting of cis-platinum 100 mg/m2 (day 1), etoposide 100 mg/m2 (days 4-6), and vindesine 3 mg/m2 (day 1) (CEV); patients without distant metastases subsequently received chest irradiation with 50 Gy. In study II, 50 patients were treated with monochemotherapy consisting of etoposide 250 mg/m2 (days 1-3), and ifosfamide 5 g/m2 as 24-h infusion (day 29). While this program was repeated in responders with extensive disease (ED), patients with limited disease (LD) subsequently received chest irradiation with 50 Gy using 20 mg/m2 cis-platinum weekly as a radiosensitizer. Response rates (CR + PR) to chemotherapy were higher in study I than in study II, and were 26% (CR 3%) vs. 8% (CR 0%) for all patients, 18% (CR 0%) vs. 4% (CR 0%) for ED, and 45% (CR 11%) vs. 13% (CR 0%) for LD. The increase in response rates by radiotherapy was marginal in study I (CR + PR 47%, CR 18%), but remarkable in study II (CR + PR 42%, CR 29%). While median survival was slightly longer in study I than in study II for ED (7.7 vs. 6.6 months) and LD (14.4 vs. 12.0 months), the 2-year survival rate was in favor of study II (10% vs. 25%). Toxicity was clearly more pronounced in study I, including 3 lethal complications and 16 discontinuations of therapy due to side effects or refusal. Thus, while in ED the efficacy of both treatment regimens was very restricted, in LD radiotherapy with cis-platinum as a radiosensitizer achieved a relatively high 2-year survival rate which justifies further testing of this treatment strategy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

Activation of monocytes by interferon-gamma has no effect on the level or affinity of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-phosphate oxidase and on agonist-dependent superoxide formation.

Human monocytes purified by elutriation were cultured for 3 d in Teflon bags with or without human recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN gamma). The cells were then collected and used in suspension to determine the rate of stimulus-dependent superoxide or hydrogen peroxide formation as a measure of the NADPH-oxidase. The treatment with IFN gamma increased this rate two- to threefold when phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was used as the stimulus. By contrast, no IFN gamma-dependent increase in superoxide production was observed when the cells were stimulated with different concentrations of the receptor agonist N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (f-Met-Leu-Phe) alone or in combination with another receptor agonist, platelet-activating factor (PAF). At optimum concentrations, f-Met-Leu-Phe elicited rates of superoxide formation that could not be exceeded under other stimulatory conditions including PMA after treatment with IFN gamma. It thus appears that f-Met-Leu-Phe can lead to maximum activation of the NADPH-oxidase, and that this response is not influenced by IFN gamma. Treatment with IFN gamma also failed to affect the affinity of PMA- or f-Met-Leu-Phe-stimulated oxidase for NADPH, the Km values being 30 to 40 microM under all conditions. IFN gamma did not alter the cellular levels of cytochrome b558, as measured by low-temperature spectroscopy, and protein kinase C, as measured by [3H]phorbol dibutyrate binding, and did not appreciably influence the stimulus-dependent increase of cytosolic free calcium. These results indicate that activation of human mononuclear phagocytes by IFN gamma does not affect the level and the kinetic properties of NADPH-oxidase or its activation by receptor agonists. They confirm, however, that IFN gamma enhances the respiratory burst response to PMA.

Calcium↗
PubMed1988

Cytogenetics of unfertilized human oocytes.

During an in-vitro fertilization programme 150 oocytes from 62 women with a mean age of 31 years (range 24-39) remained unfertilized. Successful chromosome analysis was carried out on 96 oocytes by Q-banding: 59 (61.5%) oocytes bore a normal haploid complement, 8 (8.3%) were diploid and 3 (3.1%) tetraploid. In 26 (27.1%) oocytes aneuploidy was observed; these included 9 (9.4%) nullisomic, 5 (5.2%) double nullisomic, 4 (4.2%) triple nullisomic and 2 (2.1%) disomic oocytes. The remaining 54 (36.0%) oocytes could not be evaluated. A nearly uniform rate of aneuploidy was found for unfertilized oocytes among different donor age groups.

Adult↗