Epidemiology of tardive dyskinesia.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Woerner.
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Preliminary findings from a prospective study of tardive dyskinesia (TD) development in a population of psychiatric patients suggest a TD incidence of 12% after 4 years of cumulative neuroleptic exposure. No cases of abnormal involuntary movements that might be mistaken for TD have been found in patients with no history of neuroleptic exposure. Early findings with regard to risk factors are discussed.
The effect of EMG biofeedback-assisted relaxation on blood pressure and selected biochemical parameters was evaluated in 38 patients with essential hypertension. Training consisted of 8 weeks of biofeedback and home practice of relaxation exercises. Mean blood pressure decreased in the experimental group from 144/90 to 133/84 mm Hg while the control group remained unchanged. Statistically significant decreases in the experimental group also occurred in muscle tension levels, in plasma aldosterone, and in urinary cortisol. Both aldosterone and cortisol are secreted by the adrenal cortex. It was concluded that the technique taught to the experimental group produced a reduction in skeletal muscle tension and a decrease in stress responding mediated by the adrenal cortex.
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In a study of client variables related to length of stay in two types of drug-free day treatment programs, results varied according to program structure and sex of the clients. In the more loosely structured Youth Centers, in which the programs differed from center to center and the populations were heterogenous, there were no clear-cut results. However, within the more tightly structured Ambulatory Treatment Units, the programs and the populations were more homogeneous, and the results showed a significant pattern related to length of stay, but for males only.